Cited by 480Stress Responses and CortisolAdrenal Hormones and DisordersCancer, Stress, Anesthesia, and Immune Response

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Stress-induced changes in blood leukocyte distribution. Role of adrenal steroid hormones

Dhabhar, F S, Miller, A H, McEwen, B S, Spencer, R L·1996·The Journal of Immunology

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Abstract

The numbers and proportions of leukocytes in the blood provide an important representation of the state of activation of the immune system, and of the pattern of distribution of immune cells in the body. We have shown previously that acute stress induces large, rapid, and reversible changes in the distribution of peripheral blood leukocyte subpopulations in the rat. The studies described here specifically investigate the role played by adrenal steroid hormones in mediating stress-induced changes in blood leukocyte distribution. Since adrenal steroids act at two distinct receptor subtypes that show a heterogeneity of expression in immune cells and tissues, the role played by each subtype in mediating changes in leukocyte distribution is also investigated. Cyanoketone, a corticosterone (CORT) synthesis inhibitor, significantly reduced the decrease in lymphocyte numbers observed during stress and significantly enhanced the increase in neutrophil numbers observed after the cessation of stress. Acute administration of aldosterone (a specific type I adrenal steroid receptor agonist) to adrenalectomized animals did not have a significant effect on blood leukocyte numbers. In contrast, acute administration of CORT (the endogenous type I and type II receptor agonist), or RU28362 (a specific type II receptor agonist), to adrenalectomized animals produced changes in leukocyte distribution that were similar to those observed in intact animals during stress. These results suggest that CORT, acting at the type II adrenal steroid receptor, is a major mediator of the stress-induced changes in blood lymphocyte and monocyte distribution.

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“Several studies even observed that stress-induced increases in GC concentrations enhanced the adaptive immune response by redistributing leukocytes to local areas of injury or infection (Dhabhar et al, 1996; Dhabhar and McEwen, 1996, 1997).”
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“Some studies suggest that changes in the H/L ratio are due to glucocorticoid-induced redistribution of cells from the other body compartments to the blood for heterophils and in the opposite direction for lymphocytes (Dhabhar et al. 1994; 1996).”
Background

Authors: Dhabhar, F. S., Miller, A. H., McEwen, B. S., & Spencer, R. L.
Affiliations: Rockefeller University (US)
University of Colorado Boulder (US)
ORCID: Dhabhar, F S
Miller, A H
Spencer, R L
Venue: The Journal of Immunology
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published: 1996-08
Volume: 157
Issue: 4
Pages: 1638-1644
ISSN: 0022-1767 (ISSN-L)
1550-6606
DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.157.4.1638
OpenAlex: W2127386463
Cited by: 480
References: 0
Citations by year: 2026: 4 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 21 · 2014: 21 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 23
FWCI: 5.48
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: academic.oup.com/pages/standard-publication-reuse-rights (vor)
Locations: The Journal of Immunology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adrenal Hormones and Disorders
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Cancer, Stress, Anesthesia, and Immune Response
Keywords: acute stress, adrenal steroids, corticosterone, type II glucocorticoid receptor, aldosterone, lymphocyte distribution, adrenalectomy, cyanoketone, immune activation
MeSH terms: Adrenal Cortex, Adrenal Cortex Hormones, Adrenalectomy, Aldosterone, Animals, Corticosterone, Cyanoketone, Enzyme Inhibitors, Leukocyte Count, Male, Receptors, Glucocorticoid, Restraint, Physical, Stress, Psychological, 3-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases, Lymphocyte Subsets, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Receptors, Mineralocorticoid, Rats

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Stress-induced changes in blood leukocyte distribution. Role of adrenal steroid hormones

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