The DOI matches its Crossref record; 3 of the 3 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Leukemia Inhibitory Factor, Oncostatin M, IL-6, and Stem Cell Factor mRNA Expression in Human Thymus Increases with Age and Is Associated with Thymic Atrophy
Abstract
The roles that thymus cytokines might play in regulating thymic atrophy are not known. Reversing thymic atrophy is important for immune reconstitution in adults. We have studied cytokine mRNA steady-state levels in 45 normal human (aged 3 days to 78 years) and 34 myasthenia gravis thymuses (aged 4 to 75 years) during aging, and correlated cytokine mRNA levels with thymic signal joint (sj) TCR δ excision circle (TREC) levels, a molecular marker for active thymopoiesis. LIF, oncostatin M (OSM), IL-6, M-CSF, and stem cell factor (SCF) mRNA were elevated in normal and myasthenia gravis-aged thymuses, and correlated with decreased levels of thymopoiesis, as determined by either decreased keratin-positive thymic epithelial space or decreased thymic sjTRECs. IL-7 is a key cytokine required during the early stages of thymocyte development. Interestingly, IL-7 mRNA expression did not fall with aging in either normal or myasthenia gravis thymuses. In vivo administration of LIF, OSM, IL-6, or SCF, but not M-CSF, i.p. to mice over 3 days induced thymic atrophy with loss of CD4+, CD8+ cortical thymocytes. Taken together, these data suggest a role for thymic cytokines in the process of thymic atrophy.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Changes in thymic function with age and during the treatment of HIV infection
Douek, D. C., McFarland, R. D., Keiser, P. H., Gage, E. A., Massey, J. M., Haynes, B. F., Polis, M. A., Haase, A. T., Feinberg, M. B., Sullivan#, J. L., et al. (1998) · Nature · doi:10.1038/25374 · Cited by 1,893
Self-citationDefective IL7R expression in T(-)B(+)NK(+) severe combined immunodeficiency
Puel, A., Ziegler, S. F., Buckley, R. H., & Leonard., W. J. (1998) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/3877 · Cited by 813
Mackall, C. L., Fleisher, T. A., Brown, M. R., Andrich, M. P., Chen, C. C., Feuerstein, I. M., Magrath, I. T., Wexler, L. H., Dimitrov, D. S., & Gress, R. E. (1997) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood.v89.10.3700 · Cited by 400
Cited by
Gruver, A., Hudson, L., & Sempowski, G. (2007) · The Journal of Pathology · doi:10.1002/path.2104 · Cited by 834
Self-citationImmune activation and inflammation in HIV‐1 infection: causes and consequences
Appay, V, & Sauce, D. (2008) · The Journal of Pathology · doi:10.1002/path.2276 · Cited by 743
Mittelbrunn, M., & Kroemer, G. (2021) · Nature Immunology · doi:10.1038/s41590-021-00927-z · Cited by 702
Cytokines and cognition–the case for a head-to-toe inflammatory paradigm.
Wilson, C. J., Finch, C. E., & Cohen, H. J. (2002) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1046/j.1532-5415.2002.50619.x · Cited by 637
The many faces of IL-7: from lymphopoiesis to peripheral T cell maintenance
Fry, T. J., & Mackall, C. L. (2005) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.174.11.6571 · Cited by 563
Metadata
- Authors
- Sempowski, G. D., Hale, L. P., Sundy, J. S., Massey, J. M., Koup, R. A., Douek, D. C., Patel, D. D., & Haynes, B. F.
- Venue
- The Journal of Immunology
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2000-02
- Volume
- 164
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 2180-2187
- ISSN
- 0022-1767 (ISSN-L)
- 1550-6606
- OpenAlex
- W2157089206
- Cited by
- 298
- References
- 3
- FWCI
- 5.51
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Leukemia Inhibitory Factor, Oncostatin M, IL-6, and Stem Cell Factor mRNA Expression in Human Thymus Increases with Age and Is Associated with Thymic Atrophy. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.4049/jimmunol.164.4.2180
- The paper
- Sempowski, G. D., Hale, L. P., Sundy, J. S., Massey, J. M., Koup, R. A., Douek, D. C., Patel, D. D., & Haynes, B. F. (2000). Leukemia Inhibitory Factor, Oncostatin M, IL-6, and Stem Cell Factor mRNA Expression in Human Thymus Increases with Age and Is Associated with Thymic Atrophy. The Journal of Immunology. https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.164.4.2180
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
