The DOI matches its Crossref record.
Survival of Staphylococcus aureus Inside Neutrophils Contributes to Infection
Abstract
Neutrophils have long been regarded as essential for host defense against Staphylococcus aureus infection. However, survival of the pathogen inside various cells, including phagocytes, has been proposed as a mechanism for persistence of this microorganism in certain infections. Therefore, we investigated whether survival of the pathogen inside polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) contributes to the pathogenesis of S. aureus infection. Our data demonstrate that PMN isolated from the site of infection contain viable intracellular organisms and that these infected PMN are sufficient to establish infection in a naive animal. In addition, we show that limiting, but not ablating, PMN migration into the site of infection enhances host defense and that repletion of PMN, as well as promoting PMN influx by CXC chemokine administration, leads to decreased survival of the mice and an increased bacterial burden. Moreover, a global regulator mutant of S. aureus (sar−) that lacks the expression of several virulence factors is less able to survive and/or avoid clearance in the presence of PMN. These data suggest that the ability of S. aureus to exploit the inflammatory response of the host by surviving inside PMN is a virulence mechanism for this pathogen and that modulation of the inflammatory response is sufficient to significantly alter morbidity and mortality induced by S. aureus infection.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“S. aureus , for instance, can infect keratinocytes and endothelial cells, creating intracellular reservoirs that lead to recurrent infections (Gresham et al. 2000).”
From Nutritional Immunity in Wound Infection: Unveiling the Role of Dietary Elements in Host–Pathogen Interaction (2025) · cites this paper as Gresham et al. 2000
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
No references could be resolved yet.
Research works printed but not linked: 34
- 1998, N. Engl. J. Med., 520
- 1992, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 6462
- 1994, Infect. Immun., 1719
- 1998, J. Clin. Invest., 2640
- 1995, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 1619
- 1998, Science, 438
- 1994, J. Clin. Invest., 1815
- 1997, Infect. Immun., 2517
- 1994, J. Exp. Med., 1693
- 1996, J. Clin. Invest., 2496
- 1965, Ann. NY Acad. Sci., 274
- 1952, J. Exp. Med., 209
- 1960, J. Exp. Med., 1121
- 1959, J. Exp. Med., 123
- 1979, Br. J. Exp. Pathol., 453
- 1996, J. Infect. Dis., 739
- 1998, Infect. Immun., 336
- 1995, Microb. Pathog., 409
- 1996, Science, 795
- 1987, J. Infect. Dis., 741
- 1985, J. Cell Biol., 2145
- 1998, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 7676
- 1991, J. Immunol., 3911
- 1995, Trends Cell Biol., 424
- 1995, Trends Cell Biol., 89
- 1997, Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev., 136
- 1993, J. Cell Biol., 485
- 1995, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 3978
- 1992, Infect. Immun., 1358
- 1997, Blood, 909
- 1984, J. Clin. Invest., 536
- 1999, Infect. Immun., 4673
- 1997, Infect. Immun., 3293
- 1999, Infect. Immun., 2299
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Pilsczek, F. H., Salina, D., Poon, K. K. H., Fahey, C., Yipp, B. G., Sibley, C. D., Robbins, S. M., Green, F. H. Y., Surette, M. G., Sugai, M., et al. (2010) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.1000675 · Cited by 1,114
Novel antibody-antibiotic conjugate eliminates intracellular S. aureus
Lehar, S. M., Pillow, T., Xu, M., Staben, L., Kajihara, K. K., Vandlen, R., DePalatis, L., Raab, H., Hazenbos, W. L., Hiroshi Morisaki, J., et al. (2015) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature16057 · Cited by 838
Insights into Mechanisms Used by Staphylococcus aureus to Avoid Destruction by Human Neutrophils
Voyich, J. M., Braughton, K. R., Sturdevant, D. E., Whitney, A. R., Saïd-Salim, B., Porcella, S. F., Long, R. D., Dorward, D. W., Gardner, D. J., Kreiswirth, B. N., et al. (2005) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.175.6.3907 · Cited by 563
Vandenesch, F., Lina, G., & Henry, T. (2012) · Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fcimb.2012.00012 · Cited by 405
Antibiotic-loaded nanoparticles targeted to the site of infection enhance antibacterial efficacy
Hussain, S., Joo, J., Kang, J., Kim, B., Braun, G. B., She, Z.-G., Kim, D., Mann, A. P., Mölder, T., Teesalu, T., et al. (2018) · Nature Biomedical Engineering · doi:10.1038/s41551-017-0187-5 · Cited by 399
Horsburgh, M. J., Clements, M. O., Crossley, H., Ingham, E., & Foster, S. J. (2001) · Infection and Immunity · doi:10.1128/iai.69.6.3744-3754.2001 · Cited by 365
Host defense and pathogenesis in Staphylococcus aureus infections
DeLeo, F. R., Diep, B. A., & Otto, M. (2009) · Infectious Disease Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.idc.2008.10.003 · Cited by 269
“antimicrobial mechanisms, which likely account for noted postphagocytosis survival.(17,58) Finally, they often produce toxins that lyse phagocytes, thus using the same kind of weapon that neutrophils use to kill bacteria.”
BackgroundHampton, H. R., Bailey, J., Tomura, M., Brink, R., & Chtanova, T. (2015) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/ncomms8139 · Cited by 211
Reyes-Robles, T., Alonzo, F., Kozhaya, L., Lacy, D. B., Unutmaz, D., & Torres, V. J. (2013) · Cell Host & Microbe · doi:10.1016/j.chom.2013.09.005 · Cited by 179
Banerjee, A., Kim, B. J., Carmona, E. M., Cutting, A. S., Gurney, M. A., Carlos, C., Feuer, R., Prasadarao, N. V., & Doran, K. S. (2011) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/ncomms1474 · Cited by 142
Inactivation of staphylococcal phenol soluble modulins by serum lipoprotein particles
Surewaard, B. G. J., Nijland, R., Spaan, A. N., Kruijtzer, J. A. W., de Haas, C. J. C., & van Strijp, J. A. G. (2012) · PLoS Pathogens · doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1002606 · Cited by 117
In or out: Phagosomal escape of Staphylococcus aureus
Moldovan, A., & Fraunholz, M. J. (2019) · Cellular Microbiology · doi:10.1111/cmi.12997 · Cited by 106
Sadowska, B., Bonar, A., Eiff, C., Proctor, R. A., Chmiela, M., Rudnicka, W., & Róźalska, B. (2002) · FEMS Immunology & Medical Microbiology · doi:10.1111/j.1574-695x.2002.tb00553.x · Cited by 92
Köhler, J., Breitbach, K., Renner, C., Heitsch, A.-K., Bast, A., van Rooijen, N., Vogelgesang, S., & Steinmetz, I. (2011) · Microbes and Infection · doi:10.1016/j.micinf.2011.05.004 · Cited by 30
Chen, C., Hu, X., He, D., He, X., & Shen, L. (2025) · Food Science & Nutrition · doi:10.1002/fsn3.70854 · Cited by 6
Metadata
- Authors
- Gresham, H. D., Lowrance, J. H., Caver, T. E., Wilson, B. S., Cheung, A. L., & Lindberg, F. P.
- Affiliations
- Research Service, Albuquerque Veterans Affairs Medical Center , Albuquerque, NM, 87108
- Department of Pathology, University of New Mexico , Albuquerque, NM 87131
- Department of Microbiology, Dartmouth Medical School , Hanover, NH 03755
- Departments of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine , St. Louis, MO 63110
- Venue
- The Journal of Immunology
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2000-04-01
- Volume
- 164
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 3713-3722
- ISSN
- 0022-1767
- 1550-6606
- Cited by
- 408
- References
- 0
- Language
- en
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
