Cited by 399T-cell and B-cell ImmunologyPsoriasis: Treatment and PathogenesisReproductive System and Pregnancy

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Functional Regulatory T Cells Accumulate in Aged Hosts and Promote Chronic Infectious Disease Reactivation

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Lages, Celine S, Suffia, Isabelle, Velilla, Paula A, Huang, Bin, Warshaw, Gregg, Hildeman, David A, Belkaid, Yasmin, Chougnet, Claire·2008·The Journal of Immunology

DOI 10.4049/jimmunol.181.3.1835PMC PMC2587319

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Abstract

Declines in immune function are well described in the elderly and are considered to contribute significantly to the disease burden in this population. Regulatory T cells (Tregs), a CD4+ T cell subset usually characterized by high CD25 expression, control the intensity of immune responses both in rodents and humans. However, because CD25 expression does not define all Tregs, especially in aged hosts, we characterized Tregs by the expression of FOXP3, a transcription factor crucial for Treg differentiation and function. The proportion of FOXP3+CD4+ Tregs increased in the blood of the elderly and the lymphoid tissues of aged mice. The expression of functional markers, such as CTLA-4 and GITR, was either preserved or increased on FOXP3+ Tregs from aged hosts, depending on the tissue analyzed. In vitro depletion of peripheral Tregs from elderly humans improves effector T cell responses in most subjects. Importantly, Tregs from old FoxP3-GFP knock-in mice were suppressive, exhibiting a higher level of suppression per cell than young Tregs. The increased proportion of Tregs in aged mice was associated with the spontaneous reactivation of chronic Leishmania major infection in old mice, likely because old Tregs efficiently suppressed the production of IFN-γ by effector T cells. Finally, in vivo depletion of Tregs in old mice attenuated disease severity. Accumulation of functional Tregs in aged hosts could therefore play an important role in the frequent reactivation of chronic infections that occurs in aging. Manipulation of Treg numbers and/or activity may be envisioned to enhance the control of infectious diseases in this fragile population.

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Method
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Background
Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress Regulates FOXP3+ T-Cell Activity and CD4-Mediated Inflammation in Older Adults with Frailty
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Diminished Pneumococcal-Specific CD4+ T-Cell Response is Associated With Increased Regulatory T Cells at Older Age
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Self-citation
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“Indeed, reports [34,35] have shown that the presence of increased Treg populations in agedmice are responsible for the lack of appropriate pro-inflammatory response against infections by Treg suppression of IFN-g production.”
Background
High IL-10 production by aged AIDS patients is related to high frequency of Tr-1 phenotype and low in vitro viral replication
de Andrade, R. M., Hygino, J., Kasahara, T. M., Vieira, M. M. M., Xavier, L. F., Blanco, B., Damasco, P. V., Silva, R. M., de Lima, D. B., Oliveira, A. L. V. S. M., et al. (2012) · Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.clim.2012.08.002 · Cited by 10
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“In fact, CMV seropositivity seems to be a determinant factor of life expectancy, CMV individuals who present other risk factors, such as increase in CD8CD28 cells tend to have a shorter life span (54, 55).”
Background
The ageing immune system and its clinical implications
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Background
Maintenance of Immune Tolerance to a Neo-Self Acetylcholine Receptor Antigen with Aging: Implications for Late-Onset Autoimmunity
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“Moreover, suppressive functions of Tregs are generally well maintained (18).”
Background
Aged regulatory T cells fail to control autoimmune lacrimal gland pathogenic CD4+ T cells
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Sexual dimorphism in the aged rat CD4+ T lymphocyte-mediated immune response elicited by inoculation with spinal cord homogenate.
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“20,21 UV exposure also modulates melanocytes, innate cells with the capacity to moderate local immune diversity and provide photoprotection as well as serve as a ﬁrst line of defence during infection.”
Mechanisms of age-related Treg dysfunction in an arthritic environment
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A subpopulation of CD103posICOSpos Treg cells occurs at high frequency in lymphopenic mice and represents a lymph node specific differentiation stage
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“It has been suggested that the accumulation of Treg frequency in older individuals can promote chronic infectious disease reactivation [64].”
Background
Micro-RNA 10a Is Increased in Feline T Regulatory Cells and Increases Foxp3 Protein Expression Following In Vitro Transfection
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IKK antagonizes activation-induced cell death of CD4+ T cells in aged mice via inhibition of JNK activation
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The late effects of radiation on lifespan, lymphocyte proliferation and p53 haplodeficiency in mice
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“In mice over 20 months of age, decline in immune function is well established as compared to mice at approximately three months of age (Haynes and Eaton 2005, Lages et al. 2008).”
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Immunity, Inflammation, and Aging
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Background
Onkoimmunologie im Alter
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“These results support previous findings that report an agedependent accumulation of regulatory T cells (Tregs) (Chiu et al., 2007; Lages et al., 2008; Sharma et al., 2006).”
Result
Deciphering Novel Communication Patterns in T Regulatory Cells From Very Old Adults
McTaggart, T., Lim, J. X., Smith, K. J., Heaney, B., McDonald, D., Hulme, G., Hussain, R., Coxhead, J. M., Mann, D. A., Sayer, A. A., et al. (2025) · Aging Cell · doi:10.1111/acel.70044 · Cited by 4
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A comprehensive analysis of the immune system in healthy Vietnamese people
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Background
Loss of immune regulation in aged T-cells: A metabolic review to show lack of ability to control responses within the self
Singh, B., & Rai, A. K. (2022) · Human Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.humimm.2022.10.002 · Cited by 3
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Senescencia del sistema inmune y alteraciones relacionadas con el asma
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Authors: Lages, C. S., Suffia, I., Velilla, P. A., Huang, B., Warshaw, G., Hildeman, D. A., Belkaid, Y., & Chougnet, C.
Affiliations: Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center (US)
National Institutes of Health (US)
Division of Molecular Immunology
University of Cincinnati (US)
Mucosal Immunology Unit, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute for Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD 20892
Corresponding author: Chougnet, Claire
ORCID: Lages, Celine S
Velilla, Paula A
Huang, Bin
Hildeman, David A
Chougnet, Claire
Venue: The Journal of Immunology
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published: 2008-08-01
Volume: 181
Issue: 3
Pages: 1835-1848
ISSN: 0022-1767 (ISSN-L)
1550-6606
DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.181.3.1835
PMC: PMC2587319
OpenAlex: W1510545292
Cited by: 399
References: 104
Citations by year: 2026: 18 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 21 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 22 · 2021: 36 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 21 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 34 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 24 · 2014: 24 · 2013: 27 · 2012: 18
FWCI: 10.43
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Licence: academic.oup.com/pages/standard-publication-reuse-rights (vor)
Locations: The Journal of Immunology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health
National Institute on Aging (R21AG025149, AG025149)
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (R01AI057753)
Topics: Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › T-cell and B-cell Immunology
Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Psoriasis: Treatment and Pathogenesis
Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Reproductive System and Pregnancy
Keywords: regulatory T cells, immunosenescence, aging, Foxp3, Leishmania major, CTLA-4, GITR, Treg depletion, effector T cells, CD4+ T cells
MeSH terms: Adult, Aged, Aging, Animals, Antibodies, Cell Movement, Chronic Disease, Health, Humans, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Phenotype, Biomarkers, Cytokines, Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous, CD3 Complex, Leishmania major, Cell Proliferation, T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory, Mice

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Functional Regulatory T Cells Accumulate in Aged Hosts and Promote Chronic Infectious Disease Reactivation

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