Treating Nicotine Dependence by Targeting Attention-Deficit/ Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) With OROS Methylphenidate: The Role of Baseline ADHD Severity and Treatment Response
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OBJECTIVE: To determine whether treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) with osmotic-release oral system (OROS) methylphenidate promotes abstinence from smoking among smokers with ADHD who have greater severity of ADHD symptoms at baseline or greater improvement in ADHD during treatment. METHOD: This is a secondary analysis of data from a randomized, double-blind, 11-week trial conducted between December 2005 and January 2008 at 6 clinical sites; the original trial was sponsored by the National Drug Abuse Clinical Trials Network. Adult cigarette smokers (aged 18-55 years) who met DSM-IV criteria for ADHD were randomly assigned to OROS methylphenidate (72 mg/d) (n = 127) or matching placebo (n = 128). All participants received nicotine patches (21 mg/d) and weekly individual smoking cessation counseling. Logistic regression was used to model prolonged abstinence from smoking (ascertained by self-report and breath carbon monoxide testing) as a function of treatment, baseline ADHD Rating Scale-IV (ADHD-RS) score, change in ADHD-RS score during treatment, and their interactions. RESULTS: Treatment interacted with both ADHD-RS score at baseline (P = .01) and change in ADHD-RS score during treatment (P = .008). Among patients with higher ADHD-RS scores (> 36) at baseline and the most improvement in ADHD during treatment (ADHD-RS change score ≥ 24), 70.0% of those who took OROS methylphenidate achieved abstinence from smoking compared to 36.8% of those who took placebo (P = .02). In contrast, among patients with the lowest ADHD-RS baseline scores (≤ 30), 30.3% of those who took OROS methylphenidate achieved abstinence from smoking compared to 60.7% of those who took placebo (P = .02). CONCLUSIONS: OROS methylphenidate, in combination with nicotine patch, may be an effective treatment for nicotine dependence among smokers with more severe ADHD and more robust response of ADHD symptoms to medication. OROS methylphenidate may be counterproductive among smokers with lower severity of ADHD. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00253747.
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Osmotic controlled-release methylphenidate for 11 weeks in adult smokers with severe ADHD promoted abstinence in part by improving ADHD symptoms.
“In addition, another study found that osmotic controlled-release delivery of methylphenidate for 11 weeks to adult smokers with severe ADHD promoted abstinence to smoking in these individuals in part by improving ADHD symptoms (Nunes et al., 2013).”
From Nicotine addiction and psychiatric disorders (2015) · cites this paper as Nunes et al., 2013
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Nicotine addiction and psychiatric disorders
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- Authors
- Nunes, E. V., Covey, L. S., Brigham, G., Hu, M.-C., Levin, F. R., Somoza, E. C., & Winhusen, T. M.
- Affiliations
- New York State Psychiatric Institute (US)
- University of Cincinnati (US)
- Columbia University (US)
- Cincinnati VA Medical Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Nunes, Edward V.
- Venue
- The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Physicians Postgraduate Press, Inc
- Published
- 2013-10-15
- Volume
- 74
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 983-990
- ISSN
- 0160-6689 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3946795
- OpenAlex
- W2015543066
- Cited by
- 22
- References
- 47
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 3 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 1.16
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (U10DA013035, K24DA022412, U10DA013732, K23DA021512, K24DA029647)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Smoking Behavior and Cessation
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Keywords
- nicotine dependence, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, OROS methylphenidate, smoking cessation, ADHD symptom severity, nicotine patch, treatment interaction
- MeSH terms
- Administration, Oral, Adult, Central Nervous System Stimulants, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Biological Availability, Double-Blind Method, Female, Humans, Male, Methylphenidate, Middle Aged, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Tobacco Use Disorder, Logistic Models, Smoking Cessation, Treatment Outcome, Drug Monitoring, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Tobacco Use Cessation Devices
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