Prevalence of Hepatitis A, Hepatitis B, and HIV Among Hepatitis C–Seropositive State Hospital Patients: Results From Oregon State Hospital
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Multiple studies have shown that individuals with severe mental illness are at increased risk for acquiring infection from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), and hepatitis C virus (HCV). Moreover, patients with chronic HCV infection are at risk for fulminant hepatitis from acquired infection with hepatitis A virus (HAV) or HBV, but there are limited data on the prevalence of HIV, HAV, and HBV in chronically hospitalized U.S. psychiatric patients without mental retardation who are HCV-seropositive. To address this issue, a comprehensive screening program was commenced at Oregon State Hospital (Salem, Ore.) beginning in 1999. METHOD: The computerized records of all non-geriatric adult inpatients at Oregon State Hospital on April 23, 2001, were reviewed to assess physician compliance with screening and the prevalence of infection with HIV, HAV, HBV, and HCV. RESULTS: Among the 535 patient records reviewed, 94.8% of patients were screened for HCV, of whom 20.3% were seropositive. Among HCV-seropositive patients, only 1.9% were not screened for HAV and HBV, but 23.3% were not tested for HIV. In the HCV-seropositive group, 35.9% were HAV-positive, 49.5% HBV-positive, and 2.6% HIV-positive. CONCLUSION: Chronic psychiatric inpatients have high HCV prevalence rates. Hepatitis C-seropositive individuals may be at risk for complications unless vaccinated for HAV and HBV.
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The most common transmission routes for hepatitis in persons with SMI are drug-use behaviors and sexual behaviors related to drug use.
“The most common transmission routes for persons with SMI are drug-use behaviors and sexual behaviors related to drug use (404-406).”
From Physical illness in patients with severe mental disorders. I. Prevalence, impact of medications and disparities in health care (2011) · cites this paper as [405]
Overall, an estimated 20-25% of persons with SMI are infected with hepatitis C virus.
“Overall, an estimated 20-25% of persons with SMI are infected with hepatitis C virus (360,404-407).”
From Physical illness in patients with severe mental disorders. I. Prevalence, impact of medications and disparities in health care (2011) · cites this paper as [405]
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“The most common transmission routes for persons with SMI are drug-use behaviors and sexual behaviors related to drug use (404-406).”
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“0%) among persons with SMI were extracted from 12 studies [60,62,69,74,86,95,9,101,105–108] (15 measures).”
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“It is slightly lower than the 17–20% prevalence reported in studies of universal screening among emergency department attendees and psychiatric inpatients [15,20] but substantially higher than the 3–5% range reported for sexually transmitted disease clinics [21–23].”
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“Immunization against hepatitis A and B can be undertaken, thus reducing the risk of accelerating liver damage or fulminant hepatitis.(6) Subsequent testing for hepatitis B and HIV may identify these other potentially treatable illnesses.”
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“Recent reports document that approximately 20% of this group were exposed to HCV [1], compared to approximately 2% in the general population [1, 2].”
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“9% of in-patients with schizophrenia were positive for HCV (Meyer 2003; Huckans 2006).”
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Self-citationIkeuchi, K., Okushin, K., Saito, M., Adachi, E., Tsutsumi, T., Takura, T., & Yotsuyanagi, H. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.19211383
- Authors
- Meyer, J. M.
- Affiliations
- University of California San Diego (US)
- Corresponding author
- Meyer, Jonathan M.
- ORCID
- Meyer, Jonathan M.
- Venue
- The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Physicians Postgraduate Press, Inc
- Published
- 2003-05-15
- Volume
- 64
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 540-545
- ISSN
- 0160-6689 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2127761196
- Cited by
- 40
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2022: 2 · 2021: 2 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 1.09
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hepatology › Hepatitis C virus research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Hepatitis B Virus Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hepatology › Hepatitis Viruses Studies and Epidemiology
- Keywords
- hepatitis C, hepatitis A, hepatitis B, HIV, psychiatric inpatients, severe mental illness, infection prevalence, screening adherence, Oregon State Hospital
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Mental Disorders, Female, Hepatitis A, Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, Hospitalization, Hospitals, Psychiatric, Hospitals, State, Humans, Male, Mass Screening, Oregon, HIV-1, HIV Infections, Comorbidity, Prevalence, Seroepidemiologic Studies, Hepatitis C Antibodies
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