The DOI matches its Crossref record; 27 of the 27 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Effect of Probiotic Supplementation on Schizophrenia Symptoms and Association With Gastrointestinal Functioning: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial
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Article Abstract Objective: A range of immune system abnormalities have been associated with schizophrenia. Probiotic compounds modulate the immune response and offer a potential treatment strategy for schizophrenia. Probiotic compounds have also been observed to improve gastrointestinal dysfunction, which is a common problem in individuals with schizophrenia. We performed a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to examine whether probiotic supplementation can reduce symptom severity in patients with schizophrenia receiving antipsychotic treatment and also whether probiotics are associated with bowel functioning. Methods: Outpatients with schizophrenia (N = 65) meeting DSM-IV criteria and with at least moderately severe psychotic symptoms were enrolled in the study from December 2010-August 2012. Following a 2-week placebo run-in period, patients were randomly assigned to 14 weeks of double-blind adjunctive probiotic (combined Lactobacillus rhamnosus strain GG and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis strain Bb12) or placebo therapy. Psychiatric symptoms were assessed biweekly with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), and patients were queried weekly about their gastrointestinal functioning. Results: Repeated-measures analysis of variance showed no significant differences in the PANSS total score between probiotic and placebo supplementation (F = 1.28, P = .25). However, patients in the probiotic group were less likely to develop severe bowel difficulty over the course of the trial (hazard ratio = 0.23; 95% CI, 0.09-0.61, P = .003). Conclusions: Probiotic supplementation may help prevent a common somatic symptom associated with schizophrenia. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01242371 Prim Care Companion CNS Disord 2014;16(1):doi:10.4088/PCC.13m01579 © Copyright 2014 Physicians Postgraduate Press, Inc. Submitted: September 6, 2013; accepted October 18, 2013. Published online: February 13, 2014. Corresponding author: Faith B. Dickerson, PhD, Stanley Research Program at Sheppard Pratt, Sheppard Pratt Health System, 6501 North Charles St, Baltimore, MD 21204 (fdickerson@sheppardpratt.org).
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“However, the use of Lactobacillus rhamnosus strain GG and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis strain Bb12 did not have an effect on PANSS scores in SZ patients in a 14-week trial [37].”
From Effect of Supplementation with Probiotics in Patients with Schizophrenia: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Clinical Trials (2025) · cites this paper as [37]
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Cites
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Normal gut microbiota modulates brain development and behavior
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Psychobiotics: A novel class of psychotropic
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Self-citationThe 2009 Schizophrenia PORT Psychopharmacological Treatment Recommendations and Summary Statements
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The effects of selected probiotic strains on the development of eczema (the PandA study)
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Cryan, J. F., O'Riordan, K. J., Cowan, C. S. M., Sandhu, K. V., Bastiaanssen, T. F. S., Boehme, M., Codagnone, M. G., Cussotto, S., Fulling, C., Golubeva, A. V., et al. (2019) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.00018.2018 · Cited by 5,286
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease
Carding, S., Verbeke, K., Vipond, D. T., Corfe, B. M., & Owen, L. J. (2015) · Microbial Ecology in Health & Disease · doi:10.3402/mehd.v26.26191 · Cited by 1,710
“on anxiety measures in clinical populations, including IBS (91, 92), schizophrenia (93), and rheumatoid arthritis”
BackgroundKelly, J. R., Kennedy, P. J., Cryan, J. F., Dinan, T. G., Clarke, G., & Hyland, N. P. (2015) · Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fncel.2015.00392 · Cited by 1,110
“One double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of probiotic supplementation conducted in patients diagnosed with schizophrenia, failed to show superiority over placebo supplementation (Dickerson et al., 2014).”
BackgroundThe Role of Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis in Neuropsychiatric and Neurological Disorders
Socała, K., Doboszewska, U., Szopa, A., Serefko, A., Włodarczyk, M., Zielińska, A., Poleszak, E., Fichna, J., & Wlaź, P. (2021) · Pharmacological Research · doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105840 · Cited by 857
Akkasheh, G., Kashani-Poor, Z., Tajabadi-Ebrahimi, M., Jafari, P., Akbari, H., Taghizadeh, M., Memarzadeh, M. R., Asemi, Z., & Esmaillzadeh, A. (2016) · Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.nut.2015.09.003 · Cited by 767
“However, probiotic supplementation containing Lactobacillus rhamnosus strain GG and Bifidobacterium had no beneficial effects in people with schizophrenia after 14 wk [17].”
Background
Metadata
- Authors
- Dickerson, F. B., Stallings, C., Origoni, A., Katsafanas, E., Savage, C. L. G., Schweinfurth, L. A. B., Goga, J., Khushalani, S., & Yolken, R. H.
- Affiliations
- Johns Hopkins University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Dickerson, Faith B.
- ORCID
- Venue
- The Primary Care Companion For CNS Disorders
- Publisher
- Physicians Postgraduate Press, Inc
- Published
- 2014-02-13
- Volume
- 16
- Issue
- 1
- ISSN
- 2155-7772 (ISSN-L)
- 2155-7780
- PMC
- PMC4048142
- OpenAlex
- W2088974372
- Cited by
- 166
- References
- 27
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 25 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 19 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 1
- FWCI
- 13.86
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- The Primary Care Companion For CNS Disorders (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Keywords
- probiotics, schizophrenia, gastrointestinal dysfunction, antipsychotic drugs, immune abnormalities, symptom severity, adjunctive therapy
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