Cited by 465Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and LipoproteinsLipoproteins and Cardiovascular HealthLipid metabolism and disorders

Interaction between Glucose and Lipid Metabolism: More than Diabetic Dyslipidemia

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Parhofer, Klaus G.·2015·Diabetes & Metabolism Journal

Abstract

Glucose and lipid metabolism are linked to each other in many ways. The most important clinical manifestation of this interaction is diabetic dyslipidemia, characterized by elevated triglycerides, low high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and predominance of small-dense LDL particles. However, in the last decade we have learned that the interaction is much more complex. Hypertriglyceridemia and low HDL-C cannot only be the consequence but also the cause of a disturbed glucose metabolism. Furthermore, it is now well established that statins are associated with a small but significant increase in the risk for new onset diabetes. The underlying mechanisms are not completely understood but modulation of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG CoA)-reductase may play a central role as genetic data indicate that mutations resulting in lower HMG CoA-reductase activity are also associated with obesity, higher glucose concentrations and diabetes. Very interestingly, this statin induced increased risk for new onset type 2 diabetes is not detectable in subjects with familial hypercholesterolemia. Furthermore, patients with familial hypercholesterolemia seem to have a lower risk for type 2 diabetes, a phenomenon which seems to be dose-dependent (the higher the low density lipoprotein cholesterol, the lower the risk). Whether there is also an interaction between lipoprotein(a) and diabetes is still a matter of debate.

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Crossref · 10.4093/dmj.2015.39.5.353

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  • Low HDL-C levels are associated with systemic inflammation, for example with cigarette smoking, chronic inflammatory diseases or chronic kidney disease.

    “Low HDL-C levels are also associated with systemic inflammation, e.g. with cigarette smoking, chronic inflammatory diseases or chronic kidney disease (Fig. 3) [45, 46].”

    From HDL cholesterol: reappraisal of its clinical relevance (2017) · cites this paper as [45]

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Authors
Parhofer, K. G.
Affiliations
Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (DE)
Corresponding author
Parhofer, Klaus G.
Venue
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal
Published
2015
Volume
39
Issue
5
Pages
353
ISSN
  • 2233-6079 (ISSN-L)
  • 2233-6087
OpenAlex
W2114340826
Cited by
458
References
52
Citations by year
2026: 29 · 2025: 61 · 2024: 62 · 2023: 58 · 2022: 48 · 2021: 64 · 2020: 37 · 2019: 33 · 2018: 28 · 2017: 21 · 2016: 16
FWCI
3.28
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Diabetes & Metabolism Journal (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Health
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Lipid metabolism and disorders
Keywords
diabetic dyslipidemia, hypertriglyceridemia, low HDL cholesterol, small dense LDL, statin-induced diabetes, HMG-CoA reductase, type 2 diabetes, familial hypercholesterolemia, LDL cholesterol, lipoprotein(a), obesity

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