Pravastatin and the Development of Diabetes Mellitus: Evidence for a Protective Treatment Effect in the West of Scotland Coronary Prevention Study
Open accessAbstract
Background —We examined the development of new diabetes mellitus in men aged 45 to 64 years during the West of Scotland Coronary Prevention Study. Methods and Results —Our definition of diabetes mellitus was based on the American Diabetic Association threshold of a blood glucose level of ≥7.0 mmol/L. Subjects who self-reported diabetes at baseline or had a baseline glucose level of ≥7.0 mmol/L were excluded from the analyses. A total of 5974 of the 6595 randomized subjects were included in the analysis, and 139 subjects became diabetic during the study. The baseline predictors of the transition from normal glucose control to diabetes were studied. In the univariate model, body mass index, log triglyceride, log white blood cell count, systolic blood pressure, total and HDL cholesterol, glucose, and randomized treatment assignment to pravastatin were significant predictors. In a multivariate model, body mass index, log triglyceride, glucose, and pravastatin therapy were retained as predictors of diabetes in this cohort. Conclusions —We concluded that the assignment to pravastatin therapy resulted in a 30% reduction ( P =0.042) in the hazard of becoming diabetic. By lowering plasma triglyceride levels, pravastatin therapy may favorably influence the development of diabetes, but other explanations, such as the anti-inflammatory properties of this drug in combination with its endothelial effects, cannot be excluded with these analyses.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Recent post-hoc analyses show a possible protective effect on the development of diabetes of the ACE inhibitor ramipril and the HMG CoA reductase inhibitor pravastatin.
“The recent post-hoc analyses showing a possible protective effect on the development of diabetes of the ACE inhibitor ramipril [163] and the HMG CoA reductase inhibitor pravastatin [165] are enticing and emphasise that there are many aspects of the pathogenesis and treatment of the disease that still need to be uncovered.”
From The relative contributions of insulin resistance and beta-cell dysfunction to the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes (2003) · cites this paper as [165]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Report of the Expert Committee on the Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus
The Expert Committee on the Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus* (2002) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.25.2007.s5 · Cited by 10,320 · see citing works
Prevention of Coronary Heart Disease with Pravastatin in Men with Hypercholesterolemia
Shepherd, J., Cobbe, S. M., Ford, I., Isles, C. G., Lorimer, A. R., Macfarlane, P. W., McKillop, J. H., & Packard, C. J. (1995) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199511163332001 · Cited by 7,449 · see citing works
Sacks, F. M., Pfeffer, M. A., Moye, L. A., Rouleau, J. L., Rutherford, J. D., Cole, T. G., Brown, L., Warnica, J. W., Arnold, J. M. O., Wun, C.-C., et al. (1996) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199610033351401 · Cited by 7,439 · see citing works
Report of the Expert Committee on the Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus
The Expert Committee on the Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus (1997) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.20.7.1183 · Cited by 6,220 · see citing works
(1998) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199811053391902 · Cited by 5,261 · see citing works
Hotamisligil, G. S., Peraldi, P., Budavari, A., Ellis, R., White, M. F., & Spiegelman, B. M. (1996) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.271.5249.665 · Cited by 2,630 · see citing works
Yudkin, J. S., Stehouwer, C. D. A., Emeis, J. J., & Coppack, S. W. (1999) · Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology · doi:10.1161/01.atv.19.4.972 · Cited by 2,465 · see citing works
Protection from obesity-induced insulin resistance in mice lacking TNF-α function
Uysal, K. T., Wiesbrock, S. M., Marino, M. W., & Hotamisligil, G. S. (1997) · Nature · doi:10.1038/39335 · Cited by 2,234 · see citing works
Effect of pravastatin on outcomes after cardiac transplantation
Kobashigawa, J. A., Katznelson, S., Laks, H., Johnson, J. A., Yeatman, L., Wang, X. M., Chia, D., Terasaki, P. I., Sabad, A., Cogert, G. A., et al. (1995) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199509073331003 · Cited by 1,301 · see citing works
Schmidt, M. I., Duncan, B. B., Sharrett, A. R., Lindberg, G., Savage, P. J., Offenbacher, S., Azambuja, M. I. R., Tracy, R. P., & HEISS, G. M. (1999) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(99)01046-6 · Cited by 1,069 · see citing works
Modelling Survival Data in Medical Research
Collett, D. (1994) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-3115-3 · Cited by 1,064 · see citing works
Modelling Survival Data in Medical Research.
McLachlan, G. J., & Collett, D. (1994) · Biometrics · doi:10.2307/2533471 · Cited by 1,023 · see citing works
Goldberg, R. B., Mellies, M. J., Sacks, F. M., Moyé, L. A., Howard, B. V., Howard, W. J., Davis, B. R., Cole, T. G., Pfeffer, M. A., & Braunwald, E. (1998) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.98.23.2513 · Cited by 986 · see citing works
Lipid Research Clinics Program
Renfrew, R. A. (1984) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.1984.03350180015009 · Cited by 829 · see citing works
Egashira, K., Hirooka, Y., Kai, H., Sugimachi, M., Suzuki, S., Inou, T., & Takeshita, A. (1994) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.89.6.2519 · Cited by 597 · see citing works
Leung, W.-H., Lau, C.-P., & Wong, C.-K. (1993) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/0140-6736(93)90634-s · Cited by 451 · see citing works
The design of a prospective study of pravastatin in the elderly at risk (PROSPER)
Shepherd, J., Blauw, G. J., Murphy, M. B., Cobbe, S. M., Bollen, E. L. E. M., Buckley, B. M., Ford, I., Jukema, J. W., Hyland, M., Gaw, A., et al. (1999) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/s0002-9149(99)00533-0 · Cited by 449 · see citing works
Self-citationWilliams, J. K., Sukhova, G., Herrington, D., & Libby, P. (1998) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/s0735-1097(97)00537-8 · Cited by 401 · see citing works
Inhibition of proinflammatory cytokine production by pravastatin
Rosenson, R. S., Tangney, C., & Casey, L. C. (1999) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(98)05917-0 · Cited by 376 · see citing works
Risk factors for worsening to diabetes in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance
Kadowaki, T., Miyake, Y., Hagura, R., Akanuma, Y., Kajinuma, H., Kuzuya, N., Takaku, F., & Kosáka, K. (1984) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/bf00252262 · Cited by 315 · see citing works
Effects of endotoxin and cytokines on lipid metabolism
Harðardóttir, I., Grünfeld, C., & Feingold, K. R. (1994) · Current Opinion in Lipidology · doi:10.1097/00041433-199405030-00008 · Cited by 305 · see citing works
Lipoprotein lipase suppression in 3T3-L1 cells by an endotoxin-induced mediator from exudate cells.
Kawakami, M., Pekala, P. H., Lane, M. D., & Cerami, A. (1982) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.79.3.912 · Cited by 267 · see citing works
Microvascular Function Relates to Insulin Sensitivity and Blood Pressure in Normal Subjects
Serné, E. H., Stehouwer, C. D. A., ter Maaten, J. C., ter Wee, P. M., Rauwerda, H., Donker, A. J. M., & Gans, R. O. B. (1999) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.99.7.896 · Cited by 261 · see citing works
Meigs, J. B., Nathan, D. M., Wilson, P. W. F., Cupples, L. A., & Singer, D. E. (1998) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-128-7-199804010-00002 · Cited by 192 · see citing works
OBESITY, VERY LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS, AND GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE OVER FOURTEEN YEARS
Wilson, P. W. F., McGee, D., & Kannel, W. B. (1981) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a113240 · Cited by 151 · see citing works
Muramatsu, J. (1997) · Atherosclerosis · doi:10.1016/s0021-9150(96)06024-8 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Screening experience and baseline characteristics in the West of Scotland coronary prevention study
* (1995) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/s0002-9149(99)80135-0 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Sane, T., Knudsen, P., Vuorinen-Markkola, H., Yki‐Järvinen, H., & Taskinen, M. (1995) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/0026-0495(95)90115-9 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Is the Traditional Alcohol Wipe Necessary Before an Insulin Injection?: Dogma disputed
McCarthy, J. A., Covarrubias, B. M., & Sink, P. (1993) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.16.1.402a · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Sheu, W. H., Shieh, S.-M., Shen, D. D.-C., et al. (1994) · American Heart Journal · doi:10.1016/0002-8703(94)90121-x · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Baba, T., Kodama, T., Yajima, Y., et al. (1993) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.16.1.402b · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 2
- WOSCOPS Study Group. Screening experience and baseline character- istics in the West of Scotland Study. Am J Cardiol. 1995;76:485-491.
- Yudkin JS, Stehouwer CDA, Emeis JJ, et al. C-reactive protein in healthy subjects: associations with obesity, insulin resistance, and endothelial dysfunction. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 1999;19:972-978.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Statins and risk of incident diabetes: A collaborative meta-analysis of randomised statin trials
Sattar, N., Preiss, D., Murray, H. M., Welsh, P., Buckley, B. M., de Craen, A. J., Seshasai, S. R. K., McMurray, J. J., Freeman, D. J., Jukema, J. W., et al. (2010) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(09)61965-6 · Cited by 2,436 · see citing works
Self-citationKahn, S. E. (2003) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/s00125-002-1009-0 · Cited by 2,166 · see citing works
Obesity, Inflammation, and Insulin Resistance
Shoelson, S. E., Herrero, L., & Naaz, A. (2007) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2007.03.059 · Cited by 1,806 · see citing works
Sattar, N., Gaw, A., Scherbakova, O., Ford, I., O’Reilly, D. S. J., Haffner, S. M., Isles, C., Macfarlane, P. W., Packard, C. J., Cobbe, S. M., et al. (2003) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.0000080897.52664.94 · Cited by 1,506 · see citing works
Self-citationAdipose tissue dysfunction in obesity, diabetes, and vascular diseases
Hajer, G. R., van Haeften, T. W., & Visseren, F. L. J. (2008) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehn387 · Cited by 1,410 · see citing works
Inflammation and Activated Innate Immunity in the Pathogenesis of Type 2 Diabetes
Pickup, J. C. (2004) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.27.3.813 · Cited by 1,414 · see citing works
Preiss, D. (2011) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2011.860 · Cited by 1,390 · see citing works
Ceriello, A., & Motz, E. (2004) · Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology · doi:10.1161/01.atv.0000122852.22604.78 · Cited by 1,378 · see citing works
Effect of sleep loss on C-reactive protein, an inflammatory marker of cardiovascular risk
Meier-Ewert, H. K., Ridker, P. M., Rifai, N., Regan, M. M., Price, N. J., Dinges, D. F., & Mullington, J. M. (2004) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2003.07.050 · Cited by 1,195 · see citing works
Beneficial Cardiovascular Pleiotropic Effects of Statins
Davignon, J. (2004) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.0000131517.20177.5a · Cited by 955 · see citing works
Insulin Resistance and Chronic Cardiovascular Inflammatory Syndrome
Fernández-Real, J. M., & Ricart, W. (2003) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/er.2002-0010 · Cited by 886 · see citing works
Is obesity an inflammatory condition?
Das, U. N. (2001) · Nutrition · doi:10.1016/s0899-9007(01)00672-4 · Cited by 799 · see citing works
Inflammatory Markers and Risk of Developing Type 2 Diabetes in Women
Hu, F. B., Meigs, J. B., Li, T. Y., Rifai, N., & Manson, J. E. (2004) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diabetes.53.3.693 · Cited by 788 · see citing works
Minireview: Adiposity, Inflammation, and Atherogenesis
Lyon, C. J., Law, R. E., & Hsueh, W. A. (2003) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2003-0285 · Cited by 761 · see citing works
Biomarkers of Endothelial Dysfunction and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Meigs, J. B. (2004) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.291.16.1978 · Cited by 643 · see citing works
Low grade chronic inflammation in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome
Kelly, C. C. J., Lyall, H., Petrie, J. R., Gould, G. W., Connell, J. M. C., & Sattar, N. (2001) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.86.6.7580 · Cited by 640 · see citing works
A systematic review and economic evaluation of statins for the prevention of coronary events
Ward, S., Lloyd Jones, M., Pandor, A., Holmes, M., Ara, R., Ryan, A., Yeo, W., & Payne, N. (2007) · Health Technology Assessment · doi:10.3310/hta11140 · Cited by 556 · see citing works
Interaction between Glucose and Lipid Metabolism: More than Diabetic Dyslipidemia
Parhofer, K. G. (2015) · Diabetes & Metabolism Journal · doi:10.4093/dmj.2015.39.5.353 · Cited by 458 · see citing works
Statin Therapy and Risk of Developing Type 2 Diabetes: A Meta-Analysis
Rajpathak, S. N., Kumbhani, D. J., Crandall, J., Barzilai, N., Alderman, M., & Ridker, P. M. (2009) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc09-0738 · Cited by 439 · see citing works
A novel anti-inflammatory role for simvastatin in inflammatory arthritis.
Leung, B. P., Sattar, N., Crilly, A., Prach, M., McCarey, D. W., Payne, H., Madhok, R., Campbell, C., Gracie, J. A., Liew, F. Y., et al. (2003) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.170.3.1524 · Cited by 434 · see citing works
Self-citationSafety and efficacy of statin therapy
Adhyaru, B. B., & Jacobson, T. A. (2018) · Nature Reviews Cardiology · doi:10.1038/s41569-018-0098-5 · Cited by 424 · see citing works
Risk of incident diabetes among patients treated with statins: population based study
Carter, A. A., Gomes, T., Camacho, X., Juurlink, D. N., Shah, B. R., & Mamdani, M. M. (2013) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.f2610 · Cited by 404 · see citing works
Mach, F., Ray, K. K., Wiklund, O., Corsini, A., Catapano, A. L., Bruckert, E., De Backer, G., Hegele, R. A., Hovingh, G. K., Jacobson, T. A., et al. (2018) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehy182 · Cited by 370 · see citing works
Costa, J., Borges, M., David, C., & Carneiro, A. V. (2006) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.38793.468449.ae · Cited by 340 · see citing works
Predictors of New-Onset Diabetes in Patients Treated With Atorvastatin
Waters, D. D., Ho, J. E., DeMicco, D. A., Breazna, A., Arsenault, B. J., Wun, C.-C., Kastelein, J. J., Colhoun, H., & Barter, P. (2011) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2010.10.047 · Cited by 333 · see citing works
Keech, A., Colquhoun, D., Best, J., Kirby, A., Simes, R. J., Hunt, D., Hague, W., Beller, E., Arulchelvam, M., Baker, J., et al. (2003) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.26.10.2713 · Cited by 313 · see citing works
Chou, R., Cantor, A., Dana, T., Wagner, J., Ahmed, A. Y., Fu, R., & Ferencik, M. (2022) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2022.12138 · Cited by 287 · see citing works
Targeting inflammation in metabolic syndrome
Welty, F. K., Alfaddagh, A., & Elajami, T. K. (2016) · Translational Research · doi:10.1016/j.trsl.2015.06.017 · Cited by 287 · see citing works
The prevention of type 2 diabetes
F. T. D. P. P. R. G., Crandall, J. P., Knowler, W. C., Kahn, S. E., Marrero, D., Florez, J. C., Bray, G. A., Haffner, S. M., Hoskin, M., & Nathan, D. M. (2008) · Nature Clinical Practice Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1038/ncpendmet0843 · Cited by 261 · see citing works
Ford, I., Murray, H., McCowan, C., & Packard, C. J. (2016) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.115.019014 · Cited by 238 · see citing works
Self-citationKoh, K. K., Quon, M. J., Han, S. H., Lee, Y., Kim, S. J., & Shin, E. K. (2010) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2009.10.053 · Cited by 229 · see citing works
Cardiovascular Event Reduction Versus New-Onset Diabetes During Atorvastatin Therapy
Waters, D. D., Ho, J. E., Boekholdt, S. M., DeMicco, D. A., Kastelein, J. J. P., Messig, M., Breazna, A., & Pedersen, T. R. (2013) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2012.09.042 · Cited by 178 · see citing works
Cholesterol in islet dysfunction and type 2 diabetes
Brunham, L. R., Kruit, J. K., Verchere, C. B., & Hayden, M. R. (2008) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci33296 · Cited by 158 · see citing works
Revisiting the links between glycaemia, diabetes and cardiovascular disease
Sattar, N. (2013) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/s00125-012-2817-5 · Cited by 163 · see citing works
Self-citationChan, D. C., Watts, G. F., Barrett, P. H. R., Beilin, L. J., Redgrave, T. G., & Mori, T. A. (2002) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diabetes.51.8.2377 · Cited by 160 · see citing works
Statin use and risk of developing diabetes: results from the Diabetes Prevention Program
Crandall, J. P., Mather, K., Rajpathak, S. N., Goldberg, R. B., Watson, K., Foo, S., Ratner, R., Barrett-Connor, E., & Temprosa, M. (2017) · BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care · doi:10.1136/bmjdrc-2017-000438 · Cited by 137 · see citing works
Metabolic diseases and associated complications: sex and gender matter
Kautzky‐Willer, A., & Handisurya, A. (2009) · European Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2362.2009.02161.x · Cited by 138 · see citing works
Differential metabolic effects of distinct statins
Koh, K. K., Sakuma, I., & Quon, M. J. (2011) · Atherosclerosis · doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2010.10.036 · Cited by 130 · see citing works
Effect of Statins on Fasting Plasma Glucose in Diabetic and Nondiabetic Patients
Sukhija, R., Prayaga, S., Marashdeh, M., Bursac, Z., Kakar, P., Bansal, D., Sachdeva, R., Kesan, S. H., & Mehta, J. L. (2009) · Journal of Investigative Medicine · doi:10.2310/jim.0b013e318197ec8b · Cited by 126 · see citing works
Differential metabolic effects of pravastatin and simvastatin in hypercholesterolemic patients
Koh, K. K., Quon, M. J., Han, S. H., Lee, Y., Kim, S. J., Park, J. B., & Shin, E. K. (2009) · Atherosclerosis · doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2008.09.021 · Cited by 119 · see citing works
McConnachie, A., Walker, A., Robertson, M., Marchbank, L., Peacock, J., Packard, C. J., Cobbe, S. M., & Ford, I. (2014) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/eht232 · Cited by 104 · see citing works
Self-citationMancini, G. B. J., Hegele, R. A., & Leiter, L. A. (2018) · Canadian Journal of Diabetes · doi:10.1016/j.jcjd.2017.10.019 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Alvarez-Jimenez, L., Morales-Palomo, F., Moreno-Cabañas, A., Ortega, J. F., & Mora-Rodríguez, R. (2023) · European Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175672 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Primary prevention of cardiovascular disease with statins in the elderly
Reiner, Ž. (2014) · Current Atherosclerosis Reports · doi:10.1007/s11883-014-0420-6 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Chue, P., & Kovacs, C. S. (2003) · Bipolar Disorders · doi:10.1111/j.1399-2406.2003.00063.x · Cited by 32 · see citing works
McFarlane, S. I., Shin, J. J., Rundek, T., & Bigger, J. T. (2003) · Current Diabetes Reports · doi:10.1007/s11892-003-0070-5 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Kasai, T., Miyauchi, K., Kajimoto, K., Kubota, N., Kurata, T., Amano, A., & Daida, H. (2009) · Circulation Journal · doi:10.1253/circj.cj-09-0122 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
- Authors
- Freeman, D. J., Norrie, J., Sattar, N., Neely, R. D. G., Cobbe, S. M., Ford, I., Isles, C., Lorimer, A. R., Macfarlane, P. W., McKillop, J. H., Packard, C. J., Shepherd, J., & Gaw, A.
- Affiliations
- Durham University (GB)
- Venue
- Circulation
- Published
- 2001-01-23
- Volume
- 103
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 357-362
- ISSN
- 0009-7322 (ISSN-L)
- 1524-4539
- OpenAlex
- W2061489988
- Cited by
- 844
- References
- 32
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 23 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 18 · 2016: 27 · 2015: 32 · 2014: 37 · 2013: 39 · 2012: 43
- FWCI
- 75.54
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Circulation (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- ENLIGHTEN (Jurnal Bimbingan dan Konseling Islam) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Bristol-Myers Squibb
- University of Glasgow
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies
- Keywords
- pravastatin, diabetes mellitus, statin therapy, hypertriglyceridemia, triglycerides, body mass index, fasting blood glucose, diabetes risk factors, anti-inflammatory activity
- MeSH terms
- Anticholesteremic Agents, Blood Glucose, Coronary Disease, Diabetes Mellitus, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors, Triglycerides, Cohort Studies, Body Mass Index, Multivariate Analysis, Pravastatin
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
