The impact of COVID-19 related lockdown on ophthalmology training programs in India – Outcomes of a survey.
Open accessAbstract
Purpose: In 2020, in response to the emergence and global spread of the disease COVID-19, caused by a new variant of coronavirus 2019-nCoV, the government of India ordered a nationwide lockdown for 21 days, which was then extended to a total of over 50 days. The aim of this study is to assess the effect of the lockdown on ophthalmic training programs across India. Methods: An online survey was sent across to trainee ophthalmologists across India through various social media platforms. Results: In all, 716 trainees responded; the average age was 29.1 years. Results showed that majority of the respondents were enrolled in residency programs (95.6%; 685/716) and the others were in fellowship programs. About 24.6% (176/716) of the trainees had been deployed on 'COVID-19 screening' duties. Nearly 80.7% (578/716) of the trainees felt that the COVID-19 lockdown had negatively impacted their surgical training. Furthermore, 54.8% (392/716) of the trainees perceived an increase in stress levels during the COVID-19 lockdown and 77.4% (554/716) reported that their family members had expressed an increased concern for their safety and wellbeing since the lockdown began. In all, 75.7% (542/716) of the respondents felt that online classes and webinars were useful during the lockdown period. Conclusion: Our survey showed that majority ophthalmology trainees across the country felt that the COVID-19 lockdown adversely affected their learning, especially surgical training. While most found online classes and webinars useful, the trainees' perceived stress levels were higher than normal during the lockdown. Training hospitals should take cognizance of this and reassure trainees; formulate guidelines to augment training to compensate for the lost time as well as mitigate the stress levels upon resumption of regular hospital services and training. Going ahead, permanent changes such as virtual classrooms and simulation-based training should be considered.
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Researchers in India have reported an increase in anxiety and depression among Indians owing to the pandemic.
“Researchers in India have reported an increase in anxiety and depression among Indians, owing to the pandemic (Goyal et al., 2020; Kumar and Nayar, 2020; Mishra et al., 2020; Rehman et al., 2020; Verma and Mishra, 2020).”
From Knowledge of COVID-19 and Its Influence on Mindfulness, Cognitive Emotion Regulation and Psychological Flexibility in the Indian Community (2020) · cites this paper as Mishra et al., 2020
The Discussion reports anxiety and higher stress among ophthalmology trainees across India, and the Results say 54.8% reported higher-than-usual stress during lockdown. The paper does not report an increase in depression among its Indian respondents, and its findings about trainees do not establish an increase among Indians generally. (LLM, conf=0.86)
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Gupta, P. C., Singh, R., Khurana, S., Behera, R. K., Thattaruthody, F., Pandav, S. S., & Ram, J. (2021) · Indian Journal of Ophthalmology · doi:10.4103/ijo.ijo_566_21 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Ophthalmology Residency Training
Nilforushan, N., & Abolfathzadeh, N. (2021) · Journal of Ophthalmic and Vision Research · doi:10.18502/jovr.v16i2.9102 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Nakhleh, L. A., Gavvala, J. R., & Haneef, Z. (2021) · Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology · doi:10.1097/wnp.0000000000000888 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Frank, D., Perera, T., & Weizberg, M. (2023) · Western Journal of Emergency Medicine · doi:10.5811/westjem.59771 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
A quick glance at publications on COVID-19 and ophthalmology
Banu, S., & Singh, S. (2020) · Indian Journal of Ophthalmology · doi:10.4103/ijo.ijo_2670_20 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Jayakumar, N., Hellwig, S. J., Allison, C. M., Stummer, W., Holling, M., & Surash, S. (2021) · World Neurosurgery · doi:10.1016/j.wneu.2021.07.053 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Reliability of Ahmed glaucoma valve surgical videos for educational purposes
Parmar, U. P. S., Ichhpujani, P., Chahal, R., & Singh, R. B. (2023) · International Ophthalmology · doi:10.1007/s10792-023-02734-x · Cited by 4 · see citing works
The Effect of the COVID 19 Pandemic on Elective Surgical Services in Jos, North Central, Nigeria
Ode, M. B., Shitta, A. H., Peter, S. D., Amupitan, I., & Yilleng, S. B. (2021) · Journal of Biosciences and Medicines · doi:10.4236/jbm.2021.97005 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Gardas, S., Nair, S., Pitchai, P., & Panhale, V. P. (2021) · PubMed Central · doi:10.30476/jamp.2021.89189.1367 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Shoji, M. K., Venincasa, M. J., & Sridhar, J. S. (2021) · Journal of Academic Ophthalmology · doi:10.1055/s-0041-1740314 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Impact of COVID-19 on urology residency in India – Results of a nationwide survey
Kumar, S., & Cheriyan, A. (2020) · Indian Journal of Urology · doi:10.4103/iju.iju_413_20 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
COVID-19 and the medical education system in ophthalmology – Lessons learned and future directions
Parija, S., & Das, S. (2021) · Indian Journal of Ophthalmology · doi:10.4103/ijo.ijo_540_21 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
A Pandemic of Webinars in the COVID Era—Can It be the Way Forward?
Thenmozhi, S., Girija, S., Viswanathan, K., & Kuppuswamy, B. A. (2022) · Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU · doi:10.1055/s-0042-1742465 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Scoping review of published research on medical education in India during the Covid-19 pandemic
Kumar, D., Varma, J. R., Dongre, A. R., & Pandya, H. V. (2023) · The National Medical Journal of India · doi:10.25259/nmji_636_21 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Hébert, M., Bouhout, S., Freeman, E. E., & Aubin, M. (2023) · Vision · doi:10.3390/vision7010023 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Koh, S. J. Q., Woon, T. H., Fong, W. W. S., Kwan, Y. H., Lim, S. H., Lee, J. L. H., & Tan, H. K. (2023) · Journal of Graduate Medical Education · doi:10.4300/jgme-d-22-00569.1 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Non-technical factors on ophthalmology education: a narrative review
Jiang, Y., Jiang, H., Yang, Z., Li, Y., & Chen, Y. (2024) · Frontiers in Medicine · doi:10.3389/fmed.2024.1468631 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Impactos do COVID-19 no ambulatório e residência médica em dermatologia
Felipe, C. O., de Medeiros, A. C. T. R., de Queiroz, M. V. R., Vallandro, E. I. D., & Sarmenghi, K. D. D. A. (2021) · Revista Científica da Faculdade de Medicina de Campos · doi:10.29184/1980-7813.rcfmc.497.vol.16.n1.2021 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Irembere, W., & Lubani, R. (2020) · International Forum Journal · doi:10.63201/vkfm6846 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
The Role of Telemedicine and Globalization in Medical Education
González-Urquijo, M., Macías-Rodríguez, Y., & Rivas, J. A. G. D. (2021) · Advances in medical education, research, and ethics (AMERE) book series · doi:10.4018/978-1-7998-8783-6.ch015 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Role of Training Transfer in the Aftermath of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Dixit, R., & Sinha, V. (2022) · Practice, progress, and proficiency in sustainability · doi:10.4018/978-1-6684-5109-0.ch009 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
The Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Ophthalmology Residency Education
Balcı, A. S. (2022) · Beyoglu Eye Journal · doi:10.14744/bej.2022.58234 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on rheumatology trainees: an online survey
Chandwar, K., Mukherjee, S., Ekbote, D., Kishor, K., Dogga, P. K., Dixit, J., Kumar, P., & Dhakad, U. (2022) · Rheumatology International · doi:10.1007/s00296-022-05225-x · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on surgical residency: Residents' perception
Ghosh, P., Kurian, A. T., Velmurugan, D., & Tharumaraj, M. (2023) · Journal of Education and Health Promotion · doi:10.4103/jehp.jehp_252_23 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Webinars and Continuing Medical Education: Pros, Cons, and Controversies
Torres, R. M., Reviglio, V., Basanta, I., & Srikumaran, D. S. (2022) · Southern Medical Journal · doi:10.14423/smj.0000000000001387 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Saha, B., Halder, M., Mandal, M., & Das, S. K. (2021) · Asian Journal of Medical Sciences · doi:10.3126/ajms.v12i7.35203 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Transforming Ophthalmology Training via Mobile Learning during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Sadoughi, M.-M., Ahmady, S., Kalantarion, M., & Khajeali, N. (2021) · Journal of Ophthalmic and Vision Research · doi:10.18502/jovr.v16i4.9762 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Kaushik, J., Chaitanya, Y., Kumar, A., Jakhar, P., Shetty, R., Singhal, A., Parihar, J., & Singh, A. (2021) · Indian Journal of Ophthalmology · doi:10.4103/ijo.ijo_1886_21 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Kekunnaya, R., Deshmukh, A., Sheth, J., Chattannavar, G., & Sachadeva, V. (2022) · Indian Journal of Ophthalmology · doi:10.4103/ijo.ijo_357_22 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
COVID ‐19 pandemic impact on urology residencies in Asia ‐ An observational study
Ngoo, K. S., Fadzli, A. N., Amponin, M. O., Cho, S. Y., Chuang, Y., Horiguchi, A., Karthikeyan, V. S., Morshed, M. S., Situmorang, G. R., Tan, T. C., et al. (2020) · Surgical Practice · doi:10.1111/1744-1633.12474 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
- Authors
- Nair, A., Mishra, D., Gandhi, R., Gogate, P., Mathur, S., Bhushan, P., Srivastav, T., Singh, H., Sinha, B., & Singh, M.
- Affiliations
- Aditya Jyot Eye Hospital (IN)
- Institute of Medical Sciences (IN)
- Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences (IN)
- Corresponding author
- Nair, AkshayGopinathan
- Venue
- Indian Journal of Ophthalmology
- Published
- 2020
- Volume
- 68
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 999
- ISSN
- 0301-4738 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC7508115
- OpenAlex
- W3032084305
- Cited by
- 172
- References
- 20
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 26 · 2022: 42 · 2021: 68 · 2020: 27
- FWCI
- 32.32
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- diamond
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by-nc-sa
- Locations
- Indian Journal of Ophthalmology (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Ophthalmology › Ophthalmology and Visual Health Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › COVID-19 and healthcare impacts
- Social Sciences › Education › Education during COVID-19 pandemic
- Keywords
- COVID-19 lockdown, ophthalmology residency training, surgical training disruption, perceived stress, online learning, webinars, simulation-based training, India
- MeSH terms
- Betacoronavirus, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Adult, Female, Health Surveys, Humans, India, Internship and Residency, Male, Middle Aged, Ophthalmology, Pneumonia, Viral, Quarantine, Contact Tracing, Coronavirus Infections, Disease Transmission, Infectious, Young Adult, Pandemics
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