Current and emerging therapeutic approaches for colorectal cancer: A comprehensive review
Open accessAbstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) affects 1 in 23 males and 1 in 25 females, making it the third most common cancer. With roughly 608000 deaths worldwide, CRC accounts for 8% of all cancer-related deaths, making it the second most common cause of death due to cancer. Standard and conventional CRC treatments include surgical expurgation for resectable CRC and radiotherapy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and their combinational regimen for non-resectable CRC. Despite these tactics, nearly half of patients develop incurable recurring CRC. Cancer cells resist the effects of chemotherapeutic drugs in a variety of ways, including drug inactivation, drug influx and efflux modifications, and ATP-binding cassette transporter overexpression. These constraints necessitate the development of new target-specific therapeutic strategies. Emerging therapeutic approaches, such as targeted immune boosting therapies, non-coding RNA-based therapies, probiotics, natural products, oncolytic viral therapies, and biomarker-driven therapies, have shown promising results in preclinical and clinical studies. We tethered the entire evolutionary trends in the development of CRC treatments in this review and discussed the potential of new therapies and how they might be used in conjunction with conventional treatments as well as their advantages and drawbacks as future medicines.
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A combination of nivolumab and ipilimumab gained FDA approval for the treatment of previously treated MSI-H/dMMR metastatic colorectal cancer.
“Recently, a combination of nivolumab and ipilimumab, a CTLA-4 inhibitor, gained approval from the FDA for the treatment of previously treated MSI-H/dMMR mCRC [54,131].”
From Current and Future Trends of Colorectal Cancer Treatment: Exploring Advances in Immunotherapy (2024) · cites this paper as [131]
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Research works printed but not linked: 1
- [107]Libutti SK Saltz LB Willett CG and Levine RA Ch 62 - Cancer of the Colon. In: DeVita VT, Hellman S, Rosenberg SA, eds. DeVita, Hellman, and Rosenberg’s Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology. 11th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott-Williams & Wilkins, 2019
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Current and Future Trends of Colorectal Cancer Treatment: Exploring Advances in Immunotherapy
Nikolouzakis, T. K., Chrysos, E., Docea, A. O., Fragkiadaki, P., Souglakos, J., Tsiaoussis, J., & Tsatsakis, A. (2024) · Cancers · doi:10.3390/cancers16111995 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
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- Authors
- Kumar, A., Gautam, V., Sandhu, A., Rawat, K., Sharma, A., & Saha, L.
- Affiliations
- Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (IN)
- Venue
- World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery
- Publisher
- Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.
- Published
- 2023-04-27
- Volume
- 15
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 495-519
- ISSN
- 1948-9366 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC10190721
- OpenAlex
- W4366764189
- Cited by
- 272
- References
- 159
- Citations by year
- 2026: 83 · 2025: 121 · 2024: 60 · 2023: 8
- FWCI
- 8.82
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- diamond
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by-nc
- Locations
- World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Colorectal Cancer Treatments and Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Colorectal Cancer Surgical Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers
- Keywords
- colorectal cancer, targeted therapy, chemoresistance, ABC transporters, immunotherapy, non-coding RNA, probiotics, natural products, oncolytic viruses, biomarker-guided therapy, combination therapy, recurrence
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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