The DOI matches its Crossref record; 7 of the 7 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Cancer cachexia, mechanism and treatment
Open accessAbstract
It is estimated that half of all patients with cancer eventually develop a syndrome of cachexia, with anorexia and a progressive loss of adipose tissue and skeletal muscle mass. Cancer cachexia is characterized by systemic inflammation, negative protein and energy balance, and an involuntary loss of lean body mass. It is an insidious syndrome that not only has a dramatic impact on patient quality of life, but also is associated with poor responses to chemotherapy and decreased survival. Cachexia is still largely an underestimated and untreated condition, despite the fact that multiple mechanisms are reported to be involved in its development, with a number of cytokines postulated to play a role in the etiology of the persistent catabolic state. Existing therapies for cachexia, including orexigenic appetite stimulants, focus on palliation of symptoms and reduction of the distress of patients and families rather than prolongation of life. Recent therapies for the cachectic syndrome involve a multidisciplinary approach. Combination therapy with diet modification and/or exercise has been added to novel pharmaceutical agents, such as Megestrol acetate, medroxyprogesterone, ghrelin, omega-3-fatty acid among others. These agents are reported to have improved survival rates as well as quality of life. In this review, we will discuss the emerging understanding of the mechanisms of cancer cachexia, the current treatment options including multidisciplinary combination therapies, as well an update on new and ongoing clinical trials.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Ghrelin is a growth-hormone-releasing acylated peptide from stomach
Kojima, M., Hosoda, H., Date, Y., Nakazato, M., Matsuo, H., & Kangawa, K. (1999) · Nature · doi:10.1038/45230 · Cited by 8,479
Targeting C-reactive protein for the treatment of cardiovascular disease.
Pepys, M. B., Hirschfield, G. M., Tennent, G. A., Ruth Gallimore, J., Kahan, M. C., Bellotti, V., Hawkins, P. N., Myers, R. M., Smith, M. D., Polara, A., et al. (2006) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature04672 · Cited by 672
Strasser, F., Luftner, D., Possinger, K., Ernst, G., Ruhstaller, T., Meissner, W., Ko, Y.-D., Schnelle, M., Reif, M., & Cerny, T. (2006) · Journal of Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1200/jco.2005.05.1847 · Cited by 413
Dodson, S., Baracos, V. E., Jatoi, A., Evans, W. J., Cella, D., Dalton, J. T., & Steiner, M. S. (2011) · Annual Review of Medicine · doi:10.1146/annurev-med-061509-131248 · Cited by 319
Monk, J. P., Phillips, G., Waite, R., Kuhn, J., Schaaf, L. J., Otterson, G. A., Guttridge, D., Rhoades, C., Shah, M., Criswell, T., et al. (2006) · Journal of Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1200/jco.2005.04.2838 · Cited by 179
Antibody-Directed Myostatin Inhibition Enhances Muscle Mass and Function in Tumor-Bearing Mice
Murphy, K. T., Chee, A., Gleeson, B. G., Naim, T., Swiderski, K., Koopman, R., & Lynch, G. S. (2011) · American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00121.2011 · Cited by 111
Role of ghrelin in the pathophysiology of gastrointestinal disease
Cheung, C. K., & Wu, J. C.-Y. (2013) · Gut and Liver · doi:10.5009/gnl.2013.7.5.505 · Cited by 68
Cited by
Nausea and vomiting of pregnancy and hyperemesis gravidarum
Fejzo, M. S., Trovik, J., Grooten, I. J., Sridharan, K., Roseboom, T. J., Vikanes, Å., Painter, R. C., & Mullin, P. M. (2019) · Nature Reviews Disease Primers · doi:10.1038/s41572-019-0110-3 · Cited by 306
Cancer and Chemotherapy Contribute to Muscle Loss by Activating Common Signaling Pathways
Barreto, R., Mandili, G., Witzmann, F. A., Novelli, F., Zimmers, T. A., & Bonetto, A. (2016) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2016.00472 · Cited by 183
Hodes, R. J., Sierra, F., Austad, S. N., Epel, E., Neigh, G. N., Erlandson, K. M., Schafer, M. J., LeBrasseur, N. K., Wiley, C., Campisi, J., et al. (2016) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/nyas.13299 · Cited by 132
Chen, M.-C., Hsu, W.-L., Hwang, P.-A., Chen, Y.-L., & Chou, T.-C. (2016) · Oncotarget · doi:10.18632/oncotarget.9958 · Cited by 69
Myokines as possible therapeutic targets in cancer cachexia
Manole, E., Ceafalan, L. C., Popescu, B. O., Dumitru, C., & Bastian, A. E. (2018) · Journal of Immunology Research · doi:10.1155/2018/8260742 · Cited by 60
Metadata
- Authors
- Aoyagi, T., Terracina, K. P., Raza, A., Matsubara, H., & Takabe, K.
- Venue
- World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology
- Publisher
- Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.
- Published
- 2015
- Volume
- 7
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 17
- ISSN
- 1948-5204 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2173990401
- Cited by
- 434
- References
- 7
- FWCI
- 22.81
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
