Delay in the Recovery of Normal Sleep-Wake Cycle after Disruption of the Light-Dark Cycle in Mice: A Bipolar Disorder-Prone Animal Model?
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVE: Disruption of the circadian rhythm is known as a provoking factor for manic episodes. Individual differences exist in the recovery rate from disruption in the general population. To develop a screening method to detect individuals vulnerable to bipolar disorder, the authors observed the relationship between the recovery of the normal sleep-wake cycle after switching the light-dark (LD) cycle and quinpirole-induced hyperactivity in mice. METHODS: Sixteen male mice (age of 5 weeks, weight 28-29 gm) were subjected to a circadian rhythm disruption protocol. Sleep-wake behaviors were checked every 5 min for a total duration of 15 days, i.e., 2 days of baseline observations, 3 days of LD cycle changes, and 10 days of recovery. During the dark cycle on the 16th experimental day, their general locomotor activities were measured in an open field for 120 minutes after an injection of quinpirole (0.5 mg/kg, s.c.). RESULTS: The individual differences in the recovery rate of the baseline sleep-wake cycle were noted after 3 days of switching the LD cycle. Fifty percent (n=8) of the mice returned to the baseline cycle within 6 days after normalizing the LD cycle (early recovery group). The locomotor activities of mice that failed to recover within 6 days (delayed recovery group) were significantly higher (mean rank=12.25) than those of the early recovery group (mean rank=4.75, u=62.0, p=0.001, Mann-Whitney U test). CONCLUSION: Given that the quinpirole-induced hyperactivity is an animal model of bipolar disorder, our results suggest individuals who have difficulties in recovery from circadian rhythm disruption may be vulnerable to bipolar disorder.
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Mice that took longer to re-entrain normal sleep-wake rhythms after circadian disruption also displayed greater quinpirole-induced hyperactivity, indicative of a more mania-like state, however depressive-like behavior (forced swim test) was not affected.
“The mice that took longer to re-entrain normal sleep-wake rhythms after circadian disruption also displayed greater quinpirole-induced hyperactivity, indicative of a more mania-like state, however depressive-like behavior (forced swim test) was not affected137,138.”
From Circadian rhythm disruption and mental health (2020) · cites this paper as [137]
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Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredStudies on circadian disruption in ICR mice by inverting the light-dark cycle for 3 days reported that approximately half of the mice fail to recover normal sleep-wake cycles within 6 days after re-exposure to normal lighting conditions.
“Studies on circadian disruption in ICR mice, by inverting the LD cycle for 3 days, have reported that approximately half of the mice fail to recover normal sleep-wake cycles within 6 days after re-exposure to normal lighting conditions.”
From Circadian rhythm disruption and mental health (2020) · cites this paper as [137]
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Jung, S. H., Park, J.-M., Moon, E., Chung, Y. I., Lee, B. D., Lee, Y. M., Kim, J. H., Kim, S. Y., & Jeong, H. J.
- Affiliations
- Pusan National University Hospital (KR)
- Pusan National University (KR)
- Corresponding author
- Park, Je-Min
- ORCID
- Venue
- Psychiatry Investigation
- Publisher
- Korean Neuropsychiatric Association
- Published
- 2014
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 487
- ISSN
- 1738-3684 (ISSN-L)
- 1976-3026
- PMC
- PMC4225215
- OpenAlex
- W2130161910
- Cited by
- 22
- References
- 26
- Citations by year
- 2023: 2 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 1 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 3
- FWCI
- 2.11
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- diamond
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Psychiatry Investigation (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Bipolar Disorder and Treatment
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Keywords
- circadian rhythm disruption, bipolar disorder, manic episodes, individual differences, mice
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