Traducción y adaptación transcultural al español del Simulator Sickness Questionnaire (Translation and cross-cultural adaptation to Spanish of the Simulator Sickness Questionnaire)
Open accessAbstract
La Realidad Virtual (RV) es una herramienta cada vez más presente en la valoración y tratamiento del paciente neurológico. Sin embargo, en ocasiones, la exposición a entornos inmersivos puede desencadenar efectos adversos. Detectar las posibles complicaciones de su uso se antoja fundamental para dotar de seguridad a sus aplicaciones terapéuticas. El objetivo de este trabajo ha sido realizar una traducción y adaptación transcultural del cuestionario Simulator Sickness Questionnaire (SSQ), empleado para valorar el cybersickness o sintomatología adversa asociada al uso de la RV, de cara a minimizar riesgos vinculados a su uso en población española. Se llevó a cabo una traducción, retrotraducción y adaptación del instrumento original y una validación de contenido y equivalencia semántica del cuestionario a través de la opinión de expertos, llegando a una versión preliminar evaluada en un ensayo piloto con 54 participantes. Tras la obtención de la versión preliminar en español, el análisis de validez de contenido mostró valores elevados (índice de validez de contenido ³ 0.89; valores de kappa ³ 0.89). 42 de los 54 participantes en el estudio (78%) entendieron el total de la equivalencia semántica planteada y el 100% de la muestra comprendió 13 de los 16 ítems adaptados (81%). El proceso de traducción y adaptación transcultural al castellano del SSQ llevado a cabo, ha dado como resultado una versión equivalente al cuestionario original, presentando una elevada concordancia semántica que facilitará el desarrollo de futuros estudios en población española sobre la sintomatología adversa que pudiera generar la RV. Abstract. Virtual Reality (VR) uses is growing in the assessment and treatment of neurological patients. However, immersive environments exposure can trigger adverse effects. Checking the possible complications of its use is essential to provide security to therapeutic approaches. The aim of this work has been to carry out a translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the Simulator Sickness Questionnaire (SSQ), used to assess cybersickness or adverse symptoms associated with VR, with the aim to decrease risks in the Spanish population. Forward-translation, back-translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the original questionnaire was carried out. Content validation and semantic equivalence was assessed by an expert panel, leading to a preliminary version evaluated in a pilot trial with 54 participants. After obtaining the preliminary version in Spanish, the content validity analysis showed high values (content validity index ³ 0.89 and kappa values ³ 0.89). 42 of the 54 participants (78%) understood the total semantic equivalence raised and 100% of the sample understood 13 of the 16 adapted items (81%). The translation and cross-cultural adaptation into Spanish of the SSQ was carried out in this study, showed an equivalent version to the original questionnaire, presenting a high semantic concordance and facilitating the development of future studies in the Spanish population on the adverse symptoms that VR could generate.
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The Spanish version of the Simulator Sickness Questionnaire presents high content validity (0.89) and a kappa index of 0.89.
“The Spanish version by [30] presents high content validity (0.89) and a kappa index also of 0.89.”
From Immersive Virtual Reality in Psychotherapeutic Interventions for Youth with Eating Disorders: A Pilot Study in a Rural Context (2025) · cites this paper as [30]
The Results report high content-validity indices, and Table 2 lists item-level I-CVI and kappa values of 0.898 and 0.896. It does not report 0.89 for either measure as a value for the Spanish questionnaire overall; the scale-level content-validity index is 0.986. (LLM, conf=0.84)
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- Authors
- Campo-Prieto, P., Rodríguez-Fuentes, G., & Cancela Carral, J. M.
- Affiliations
- Universidade de Vigo (ES)
- Venue
- Retos
- Publisher
- JURUFRA SL
- Published
- 2021-08-06
- Volume
- 43
- Pages
- 503-509
- ISSN
- 1579-1726 (ISSN-L)
- 1988-2041
- OpenAlex
- W3196624264
- Cited by
- 35
- References
- 31
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 4
- FWCI
- 2.76
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- es
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Retos (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Investigo Institutional repository of UVigo (Universidade de Vigo) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Human-Computer Interaction › Virtual Reality Applications and Impacts
- Social Sciences › Education › Health Education and Validation
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Nausea and vomiting management
- Keywords
- Simulator Sickness Questionnaire, cybersickness, virtual reality, cross-cultural adaptation, Spanish translation, content validity, semantic equivalence, neurological patients, immersive environments, questionnaire validation, pilot study, neurorehabilitation, patient safety
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