Cited by 1Insurance and Financial Risk ManagementProbability and Risk ModelsGame Theory and Applications

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Etude des marchés d'assurance non-vie à l'aide d'équilibre de Nash et de modèle de risques avec dépendance

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Abstract

L’actuariat non-vie étudie les différents aspects quantitatifs de l’activité d’assurance. Cette thèse vise à expliquer sous différentes perspectives les interactions entre les différents agents économiques, l’assuré, l’assureur et le marché, sur un marché d’assurance. Le chapitre 1 souligne à quel point la prise en compte de la prime marché est importante dans la décision de l’assuré de renouveler ou non son contrat d’assurance avec son assureur actuel. La nécessitéd’un modèle de marché est établie. Le chapitre 2 répond à cette problématique en utilisant la théorie des jeux non-coopératifs pour modéliser la compétition. Dans la littérature actuelle, les modèles de compétition seréduisent toujours à une optimisation simpliste du volume de prime basée sur une vision d’un assureur contre le marché. Partant d’un modèle de marché à une période, un jeu d’assureurs est formulé, où l’existence et l’unicité de l’équilibre de Nash sont vérifiées. Les propriétés des primes d’équilibre sont étudiées pour mieux comprendre les facteurs clés d’une position dominante d’un assureur par rapport aux autres. Ensuite, l’intégration du jeu sur une période dans un cadre dynamique se fait par la répétition du jeu sur plusieurs périodes. Une approche par Monte-Carlo est utilisée pour évaluer la probabilité pour un assureur d’être ruiné, de rester leader, de disparaître du jeu par manque d’assurés en portefeuille. Ce chapitre vise à mieux comprendre la présence de cycles en assurance non-vie. Le chapitre 3 présente en profondeur le calcul effectif d’équilibre de Nash pour n joueurs sous contraintes, appelé équilibre de Nash généralisé. Il propose un panorama des méthodes d’optimisation pour la résolution des n sous-problèmes d’optimisation. Cette résolution sefait à l’aide d’une équation semi-lisse basée sur la reformulation de Karush-Kuhn-Tucker duproblème d’équilibre de Nash généralisé. Ces équations nécessitent l’utilisation du Jacobiengénéralisé pour les fonctions localement lipschitziennes intervenant dans le problème d’optimisation.Une étude de convergence et une comparaison des méthodes d’optimisation sont réalisées.Enfin, le chapitre 4 aborde le calcul de la probabilité de ruine, un autre thème fondamentalde l’assurance non-vie. Dans ce chapitre, un modèle de risque avec dépendance entre lesmontants ou les temps d’attente de sinistre est étudié. De nouvelles formules asymptotiquesde la probabilité de ruine en temps infini sont obtenues dans un cadre large de modèle de risquesavec dépendance entre sinistres. De plus, on obtient des formules explicites de la probabilité deruine en temps discret. Dans ce modèle discret, l’analyse structure de dépendance permet dequantifier l’écart maximal sur les fonctions de répartition jointe des montants entre la versioncontinue et la version discrète.

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Metadata

Authors
Dutang, C.
Affiliations
Lyon 1 Université (FR)
Corresponding author
Dutang, Christophe
Published
2012-05-31
OpenAlex
W201679037
Cited by
0
References
5
Type
dissertation
Language
fr
Open access
Licence
other-oa
Locations
HAL (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Economics and Econometrics › Insurance and Financial Risk Management
  • Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Probability and Risk Models
  • Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Game Theory and Applications
Keywords
Nash equilibrium, insurance market competition, repeated games, insurance cycles, generalized Nash equilibrium, copulas, Markov chains, Markov chain Monte Carlo

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