Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Hypothyroidism
Abstract
To determine the incidence and frequency of sleep apnea in persons with hypothyroidism, 11 consecutive patients with newly diagnosed disease were studied before and during thyroid hormone replacement therapy. Nine patients had episodes of apnea, with the number of episodes per hour of sleep ranging from 17 to 176 (mean, 71.8). Six of the nine patients were obese and had 99.5 episodes per hour compared with 16.3 episodes per hour in the 3 nonobese patients (p less than 0.02). After 3 to 12 months of thyroxine replacement therapy, mean apnea frequency decreased from 71.8 +/- 18.0 (SE) to 12.7 +/- 6.1 episodes per hour, without reduction in body weight. There were fewer changes in sleep stage per hour during treatment (22.1 +/- 4.9) than pretreatment (57.6 +/- 14.5). Carbon dioxide response tests done under non-loaded and flow-resistive loaded conditions before and during thyroxine replacement therapy showed increases in the loaded respiratory effort and ventilation during thyroxine treatment. Sleep apnea episodes are common in persons with untreated hypothyroidism, even with normal lung function. Thyroxine replacement therapy decreases apnea frequency, even without change in body weight.
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In patients with overt hypothyroidism, thyroid replacement hormone may, over time, completely reverse OSA.
“In patients with overt hypothyroidism, thyroid replacement hormone may, over time, completely reverse OSA.”
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- Authors
- RAJAGOPAL, K. R., ABBRECHT, P. H., DERDERIAN, S. S., PICKETT, C., HOFELDT, F., TELLIS, C. J., & ZWILLICH, C. W.
- Affiliations
- Washington, D.C.; Bethesda, Maryland; and Denver, Colorado
- Corresponding author
- RAJAGOPAL, KRISHNAN R.
- Venue
- Annals of Internal Medicine
- Publisher
- American College of Physicians
- Published
- 1984-10-01
- Volume
- 101
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 491-494
- ISSN
- 0003-4819 (ISSN-L)
- 1539-3704
- OpenAlex
- W2012436441
- Cited by
- 188
- References
- 16
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 4.80
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Annals of Internal Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Obstructive Sleep Apnea Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Thyroid Disorders and Treatments
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Neuroscience of respiration and sleep
- Keywords
- obstructive sleep apnea, hypothyroidism, thyroxine replacement, apnea frequency, obesity, sleep stages, thyroid hormone replacement
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Humans, Hypothyroidism, Middle Aged, Obesity, Respiratory Function Tests, Sleep Apnea Syndromes, Sleep Stages, Thyroxine
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