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Cited by 2,094Digital Radiography and Breast ImagingGlobal Cancer Incidence and ScreeningWomen's cancer prevention and management

Screening for breast cancer: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement

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Siu, Albert L., on behalf of the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force·2016·Annals of Internal Medicine
DOI 10.7326/m15-2886
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Abstract

DESCRIPTION: Update of the 2009 U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommendation on screening for breast cancer. METHODS: The USPSTF reviewed the evidence on the following: effectiveness of breast cancer screening in reducing breast cancer-specific and all-cause mortality, as well as the incidence of advanced breast cancer and treatment-related morbidity; harms of breast cancer screening; test performance characteristics of digital breast tomosynthesis as a primary screening strategy; and adjunctive screening in women with increased breast density. In addition, the USPSTF reviewed comparative decision models on optimal starting and stopping ages and intervals for screening mammography; how breast density, breast cancer risk, and comorbidity level affect the balance of benefit and harms of screening mammography; and the number of radiation-induced breast cancer cases and deaths associated with different screening mammography strategies over the course of a woman's lifetime. POPULATION: This recommendation applies to asymptomatic women aged 40 years or older who do not have preexisting breast cancer or a previously diagnosed high-risk breast lesion and who are not at high risk for breast cancer because of a known underlying genetic mutation (such as a BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene mutation or other familial breast cancer syndrome) or a history of chest radiation at a young age. RECOMMENDATIONS: The USPSTF recommends biennial screening mammography for women aged 50 to 74 years. (B recommendation) The decision to start screening mammography in women prior to age 50 years should be an individual one. Women who place a higher value on the potential benefit than the potential harms may choose to begin biennial screening between the ages of 40 and 49 years. (C recommendation) The USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of screening mammography in women aged 75 years or older. (I statement) The USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the benefits and harms of digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) as a primary screening method for breast cancer. (I statement) The USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of adjunctive screening for breast cancer using breast ultrasonography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), DBT, or other methods in women identified to have dense breasts on an otherwise negative screening mammogram. (I statement).

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  • All screening programs rely on cancer risk models, which predict who is likely to develop cancer at a future point in time.

    “To achieve this goal, all screening programs rely on cancer risk models, which predict who is likely to develop cancer at a future point in time.”

    From Artificial Intelligence and Early Detection of Pancreatic Cancer: 2020 Summative Review (2021) · cites this paper as [95]

  • All screening programs rely on cancer risk models, which predict who is likely to develop cancer at a future point in time.

    “To achieve this goal, all screening programs rely on cancer risk models, which predict who is likely to develop cancer at a future point in time.”

    From Artificial Intelligence and Early Detection of Pancreatic Cancer: 2020 Summative Review (2021) · cites this paper as [98]

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Authors
Siu, A. L., & on behalf of the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force
Affiliations
United States Preventive Services Task Force (US)
Corresponding author
on behalf of the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force
ORCID
Siu, Albert L.
Venue
Annals of Internal Medicine
Publisher
American College of Physicians
Published
2016-02-16
Volume
164
Issue
4
Pages
279-296
ISSN
  • 0003-4819 (ISSN-L)
  • 1539-3704
DOI
10.7326/m15-2886
OpenAlex
W2283351472
Cited by
2,094
References
53
Citations by year
2026: 45 · 2025: 98 · 2024: 195 · 2023: 229 · 2022: 236 · 2021: 216 · 2020: 206 · 2019: 170 · 2018: 185 · 2017: 163 · 2016: 130 · 2015: 95 · 2014: 33 · 2013: 32 · 2012: 23
FWCI
193.27
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
www.acpjournals.org/journal/aim/text-and-data-mining (tdm)
Locations
  • Annals of Internal Medicine (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Carolina Digital Repository (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill) (submittedVersion)
  • UNC Libraries
Funders
Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Digital Radiography and Breast Imaging
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Global Cancer Incidence and Screening
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Women's cancer prevention and management
Keywords
breast cancer screening, mammography screening, digital breast tomosynthesis, breast density, dense breasts, breast ultrasound, breast MRI, radiation-induced breast cancer, screening harms, breast cancer mortality, women over 40
MeSH terms
Medical Overuse, Breast Density, Adult, Age Factors, Aged, Breast, Breast Neoplasms, Female, Humans, Mammography, Mass Screening, Middle Aged, Risk Factors, Time Factors, Risk Assessment, Biomedical Research, Mammary Glands, Human, Early Detection of Cancer

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