Continuous Glucose Monitoring Versus Self-Monitoring of Blood Glucose in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis
Open accessAbstract
Every eleventh adult has diabetes, and every third has prediabetes. Over 95% of diabetics are of type 2. It is well established that diabetes doubles the risk of heart disease and stroke apart from increasing the risk of microvascular complications. Hence, strict glycemic control is necessary. However, it increases the risk of hypoglycemia, especially in patients with longstanding diabetes. Continuous glucose monitors (CGM) use a sensor to continuously measure the glucose levels in the interstitial fluid every 10 seconds and gives out mean values every five minutes. CGMs are emerging tools in the management of type 2 diabetes. The prime objective of this review is to find out if there is enough supporting evidence, suggesting that continuous glucose monitoring is more effective than self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) in type 2 diabetes. We conducted a systematic literature search in Medline (PubMed) looking for any studies addressing our objective. It is observed that there is a varying level of evidence supporting that employing a CGM can reduce glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), hypoglycemic events, and increase patient satisfaction. However, some studies reported no significant benefits. This systematic review with meta-analysis concludes that the use of CGM in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is beneficial, as it significantly reduces HbA1c compared to the usual method of SMBG. The pooled mean difference in HbA1c was -0.25 (-0.45, -0.06) and statistically significant (at p = 0.01) when comparing CGM to SMBG.
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Mixed results have been reported on the use of CGM systems by people with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
“However, while the use of CGM systems has been shown to (further) improve therapy for people with T1DM [12, 13], mixed results have been reported on the use of CGM systems by people with T2DM [14, 15].”
From Self-Monitoring of Blood Glucose as an Integral Part in the Management of People with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (2022) · cites this paper as [14]
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- Authors
- Janapala, R. N., Jayaraj, J. S., Fathima, N., Kashif, T., Usman, N., Dasari, A., Jahan, N., & Sachmechi, I.
- Affiliations
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System (US)
- Corresponding author
- Janapala, Rajesh Naidu
- Venue
- Cureus
- Published
- 2019-09-12
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- e5634-e5634
- ISSN
- 2168-8184 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC6822918
- OpenAlex
- W2973024432
- Cited by
- 117
- References
- 29
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 26 · 2023: 26 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 2 · 2017: 1
- FWCI
- 1.31
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- diamond
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Cureus (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Treatment and Management
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Education
- Keywords
- continuous glucose monitoring, self-monitoring of blood glucose, type 2 diabetes, glycemic control, HbA1c, hypoglycemia, patient satisfaction, diabetes management
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