The DOI matches its Crossref record; 34 of the 34 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Use of Thiazolidinediones and Fracture Risk
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Thiazolidinediones may adversely affect the skeleton owing to decreased bone formation and accelerated bone loss. METHODS: This study examines the association between the use of thiazolidinediones or other oral antidiabetic drugs and the risk of fracture. This nested case-control analysis uses the UK General Practice Research Database, including case patients with fracture aged 30 to 89 years with an incident fracture diagnosis between January 1994 and December 2005 and control subjects who were matched to case patients on age, sex, calendar time, and general practice attended. We assessed the odds ratios (ORs) of having a fracture associated with the use of rosiglitazone maleate, pioglitazone hydrochloride, other oral antidiabetic agents, or insulin. RESULTS: There were 1020 case patients with an incident low-trauma fracture and 3728 matched controls. After adjustment for age, body mass index, other antidiabetic drugs, comedication, and comorbidities, the ORs for users of 8 or more thiazolidinedione prescriptions (corresponding to approximately 12-18 months of therapy) compared with nonuse was 2.43 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.49-3.95). Rosiglitazone (OR, 2.38; 95% CI, 1.39-4.09) and pioglitazone (OR, 2.59; 95% CI, 0.96-7.01) were used more frequently by case patients with fracture (predominantly hip and wrist fractures) than by controls. The association was independent of patient age and sex and tended to increase with thiazolidinedione dose. No materially altered relative fracture risk was found in association with the use of other oral antidiabetic drugs. CONCLUSION: This analysis provides further evidence of a possible association between long-term use of thiazolidinediones and fractures, particularly of the hip and wrist, in patients with diabetes mellitus.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Glycemic durability of rosiglitazone, metformin, or glyburide monotherapy
Kahn, S. E., Haffner, S. M., Heise, M. A., Herman, W. H., Holman, R. R., Jones, N. P., Kravitz, B. G., Lachin, J. M., O'Neill, M. C., Zinman, B., et al. (2006) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa066224 · Cited by 2,962
PPAR γ insufficiency enhances osteogenesis through osteoblast formation from bone marrow progenitors
Akune, T., Ohba, S., Kamekura, S., Yamaguchi, M., Chung, U.-I., Kubota, N., Terauchi, Y., Harada, Y., Azuma, Y., Nakamura, K., et al. (2004) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci19900 · Cited by 869
Jick, H., Jick, S. S., & Derby, L. E. (1991) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.302.6779.766 · Cited by 839
Self-citationOlder Women with Diabetes Have an Increased Risk of Fracture: A Prospective Study
Schwartz, A. V. (2001) · Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.86.1.32 · Cited by 789
Oral corticosteroids and fracture risk: relationship to daily and cumulative doses
van Staa, T. P., Leufkens, H. G. M., Abenhaim, L., Zhang, B., & Cooper, C. (2000) · Rheumatology · doi:10.1093/rheumatology/39.12.1383 · Cited by 696
Risk of Fracture in Women with Type 2 Diabetes: the Women’s Health Initiative Observational Study
Bonds, D. E., Larson, J. C., Schwartz, A. V., Strotmeyer, E. S., Robbins, J., Rodriguez, B. L., Johnson, K. C., & Margolis, K. L. (2006) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2006-0614 · Cited by 611
Validity of the General Practice Research Database
Jick, S. S., Kaye, J. A., Vasilakis‐Scaramozza, C., Rodríguez, L. A. G., Ruigómez, A., Meier, C. R., Schlienger, R. G., Black, C., & Jick, H. (2003) · Pharmacotherapy: The Journal of Human Pharmacology and Drug Therapy · doi:10.1592/phco.23.5.686.32205 · Cited by 584
Self-citationOlder Women With Diabetes Have a Higher Risk of Falls
Schwartz, A. V., Hillier, T. A., Sellmeyer, D. E., Resnick, H. E., Gregg, E., Ensrud, K. E., Schreiner, P. J., Margolis, K. L., Cauley, J. A., Nevitt, M. C., et al. (2002) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.25.10.1749 · Cited by 576
Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes and Incident Hip Fractures in Postmenopausal Women
Nicodemus, K. K., & Folsom, A. R. (2001) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.24.7.1192 · Cited by 568
Use of the UK General Practice Research Database for pharmacoepidemiology
García Rodríguez, L. A., & Pérez Gutthann, S. (1998) · British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2125.1998.00701.x · Cited by 558
Cited by
Nathan, D. M., Buse, J. B., Davidson, M. B., Ferrannini, E., Holman, R. R., Sherwin, R., & Zinman, B. (2009) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc08-9025 · Cited by 3,834
Association of BMD and FRAX Score With Risk of Fracture in Older Adults With Type 2 Diabetes
Schwartz, A. V. (2011) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2011.715 · Cited by 717
Nathan, D. M., Buse, J. B., Davidson, M. B., Ferrannini, E., Holman, R. R., Sherwin, R., & Zinman, B. (2009) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/s00125-008-1157-y · Cited by 712
Japanese clinical practice guideline for diabetes 2019
Araki, E., Goto, A., Kondo, T., Noda, M., Noto, H., Origasa, H., Osawa, H., Taguchi, A., Tanizawa, Y., Tobe, K., et al. (2020) · Diabetology International · doi:10.1007/s13340-020-00439-5 · Cited by 545
Glucocorticoid-induced hyperglycemia
Clore, J. N., & Thurby-Hay, L. (2009) · Endocrine Practice · doi:10.4158/ep08331.rar · Cited by 508
Metadata
- Authors
- Meier, C., Kraenzlin, M. E., Bodmer, M., Jick, S. S., Jick, H., & Meier, C. R.
- Venue
- Archives of Internal Medicine
- Publisher
- American Medical Association (AMA)
- Published
- 2008-04-28
- Volume
- 168
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 820
- ISSN
- 0003-9926 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2151616821
- Cited by
- 355
- References
- 34
- FWCI
- 43.53
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Use of Thiazolidinediones and Fracture Risk. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1001/archinte.168.8.820
- The paper
- Meier, C., Kraenzlin, M. E., Bodmer, M., Jick, S. S., Jick, H., & Meier, C. R. (2008). Use of Thiazolidinediones and Fracture Risk. Archives of Internal Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1001/archinte.168.8.820
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
