The DOI matches its Crossref record; 56 of the 56 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
A Follow-up Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study of Schizophrenia: Relationship of Neuroanatomical Changes to Clinical and Neurobehavioral Measures
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Cross-sectional neuroanatomical studies have reported abnormalities in schizophrenia that relate to disease variables. Longitudinal neuroimaging investigations that integrate anatomical, clinical, and neurobehavioral measures may help clarify the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. METHODS: Magnetic resonance brain imaging and neurobehavioral studies were conducted at baseline and after 30.63 +/- 12.92 months (mean +/- SD) in 40 patients with schizophrenia (23 men and 17 women) and 17 healthy controls (13 men and 4 women). The schizophrenia group included 20 first-episode and 20 previously treated subjects. Volumes of whole-brain, cerebrospinal fluid, and frontal and temporal lobes were measured. The severity of negative and positive symptoms was assessed, medications were monitored, and neurobehavioral functioning in 8 domains was evaluated. RESULTS: Both first-episode and previously treated patients had smaller brains and frontal and temporal lobes than controls at intake. Longitudinally, reduction in frontal lobe volume was found only in patients, whereas temporal lobe reduction was also seen in controls. The association between volume reduction and symptom changes differed between patient groups, but volume reduction was associated with decline in some neurobehavioral functions in both groups. Exploratory analysis suggested that neuroleptic dose is correlated with changes in all 3 domains. CONCLUSIONS: The existence of neuroanatomical and neurobehavioral abnormalities in patients with first-episode schizophrenia indicates that the brain dysfunction occurred before clinical presentation. However, there is also evidence of progression, in which anatomical changes may affect some clinical and neurobehavioral features of the illness in some patients.
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“whereas adult-onset schizophrenia (the more typical form) is more strongly associated with deficits in later-maturing temporal and frontal regions (53–55) and is associated with selective abnormalities of the heteromodal regions (29).”
From Dynamic mapping of human cortical development during childhood through early adulthood (2004) · cites this paper as [54]
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No adjustments are needed for multiple comparisons.
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Dynamic mapping of human cortical development during childhood through early adulthood
Gogtay, N., Giedd, J. N., Lusk, L., Hayashi, K. M., Greenstein, D., Vaituzis, A. C., Nugent, T. F., Herman, D. H., Clasen, L. S., Toga, A. W., et al. (2004) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0402680101 · Cited by 5,604
A review of MRI findings in schizophrenia
Shenton, M. E., Dickey, C. C., Frumin, M., & McCarley, R. W. (2001) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/s0920-9964(01)00163-3 · Cited by 2,346
The neuropathology of schizophrenia
Harrison, P. J. (1999) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/122.4.593 · Cited by 1,677
Raine, A., Lencz, T., Bihrle, S., LaCasse, L., & Colletti, P. M. (2000) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.57.2.119 · Cited by 1,053
Garland, E. L., Fredrickson, B., Kring, A. M., Johnson, D. P., Meyer, P. S., & Penn, D. L. (2010) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2010.03.002 · Cited by 1,035
Metadata
- Authors
- Gur, R. E., Cowell, P., Turetsky, B. I., Gallacher, F., Cannon, T., Bilker, W., & Gur, R. C.
- Affiliations
- University of Pennsylvania (US)
- Venue
- Archives of General Psychiatry
- Publisher
- American Medical Association (AMA)
- Published
- 1998-02-01
- Volume
- 55
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 145
- ISSN
- 0003-990X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2126549748
- Cited by
- 540
- References
- 56
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 16 · 2012: 19
- FWCI
- 22.01
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Archives of General Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (1k05mh001336-01)
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH 43880, MH01336, MH-42191)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Philosophy › Mental Health and Psychiatry
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Keywords
- schizophrenia, longitudinal brain changes, frontal lobe volume, temporal lobe volume, brain atrophy, first-episode schizophrenia, neuroleptic dose, negative symptoms, positive symptoms, neurobehavioral function, cerebrospinal fluid volume
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Brain, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Frontal Lobe, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Neuropsychological Tests, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Schizophrenia, Schizophrenic Psychology, Severity of Illness Index, Temporal Lobe
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