Brain volume in first-episode schizophrenia: Systematic review and meta-analysis of magnetic resonance imaging studies
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Background: Studies of people with schizophrenia assessed using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) usually include patients with first-episode and chronic disease, yet brain abnormalities may be limited to those with chronic schizophrenia. Aims: To determine whether patients with a first episode of schizophrenia have characteristic brain abnormalities. Method: Systematic review and meta-analysis of 66 papers comparing brain volume in patients with a first psychotic episode with volume in healthy controls. Results: Atotal of 52 cross-sectional studies included 1424 patients with a first psychotic episode; 16 longitudinal studies included 465 such patients. Meta-analysis suggests that whole brain and hippocampal volume are reduced (both P < 0.0001) and that ventricular volume is increased ( P < 0.0001) in these patients relative to healthy controls. Conclusions: Average volumetric changes are close to the limit of detection by MRI methods. It remains to be determined whether schizophrenia is a neurodegenerative process that begins at about the time of symptom onset, or whether it is better characterised as a neurodevelopmental process that produces abnormal brain volumes at an early age.
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Schizophrenia is associated with reduced hippocampal volume and reduced spine density on subicular and CA3 dendrites.
“Several studies have shown reductions in hippocampal volume and reduced spine density on subicular and CA3 dendrites in schizophrenia16,17.”
From Dendritic spine pathology in neuropsychiatric disorders (2011) · cites this paper as [16]
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A morphometric MRI study of the hippocampus in first-episode, neuroleptic-naıve schizophrenia
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A review of MRI studies of progressive brain changes in schizophrenia.
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Exercise as medicine - evidence for prescribing exercise as therapy in 26 different chronic diseases
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Autism As a Disorder of High Intelligence
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- Authors
- Steen, R. G., Mull, C., Mcclure, R., Hamer, R. M., & Lieberman, J. A.
- Affiliations
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
- Corresponding author
- Steen, R. Grant
- Venue
- British Journal of Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Royal College of Psychiatrists
- Published
- 2006-06
- Volume
- 188
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 510-518
- ISSN
- 0007-1250 (ISSN-L)
- 1472-1465
- OpenAlex
- W2206955164
- Cited by
- 832
- References
- 94
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 38 · 2020: 31 · 2019: 27 · 2018: 32 · 2017: 74 · 2016: 50 · 2015: 60 · 2014: 50 · 2013: 46 · 2012: 56
- FWCI
- 8.19
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- The British Journal of Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Alliance for Research on Schizophrenia and Depression
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH061603, MH 61603, MH164065)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Philosophy › Mental Health and Psychiatry
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Keywords
- first-episode schizophrenia, brain volume, hippocampal volume, ventriculomegaly, neurodegeneration, brain development, brain abnormalities, chronic schizophrenia
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Brain, Cerebral Ventricles, Female, Hippocampus, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Research Design, Schizophrenia
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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