The DOI matches its Crossref record; 56 of the 56 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Global Burden of Hypertension and Systolic Blood Pressure of at Least 110 to 115 mm Hg, 1990-2015
Open accessAbstract
Importance: Elevated systolic blood (SBP) pressure is a leading global health risk. Quantifying the levels of SBP is important to guide prevention policies and interventions. Objective: To estimate the association between SBP of at least 110 to 115 mm Hg and SBP of 140 mm Hg or higher and the burden of different causes of death and disability by age and sex for 195 countries and territories, 1990-2015. Design: A comparative risk assessment of health loss related to SBP. Estimated distribution of SBP was based on 844 studies from 154 countries (published 1980-2015) of 8.69 million participants. Spatiotemporal Gaussian process regression was used to generate estimates of mean SBP and adjusted variance for each age, sex, country, and year. Diseases with sufficient evidence for a causal relationship with high SBP (eg, ischemic heart disease, ischemic stroke, and hemorrhagic stroke) were included in the primary analysis. Main Outcomes and Measures: Mean SBP level, cause-specific deaths, and health burden related to SBP (≥110-115 mm Hg and also ≥140 mm Hg) by age, sex, country, and year. Results: Between 1990-2015, the rate of SBP of at least 110 to 115 mm Hg increased from 73 119 (95% uncertainty interval [UI], 67 949-78 241) to 81 373 (95% UI, 76 814-85 770) per 100 000, and SBP of 140 mm Hg or higher increased from 17 307 (95% UI, 17 117-17 492) to 20 526 (95% UI, 20 283-20 746) per 100 000. The estimated annual death rate per 100 000 associated with SBP of at least 110 to 115 mm Hg increased from 135.6 (95% UI, 122.4-148.1) to 145.2 (95% UI 130.3-159.9) and the rate for SBP of 140 mm Hg or higher increased from 97.9 (95% UI, 87.5-108.1) to 106.3 (95% UI, 94.6-118.1). For loss of DALYs associated with systolic blood pressure of 140 mm Hg or higher, the loss increased from 95.9 million (95% uncertainty interval [UI], 87.0-104.9 million) to 143.0 million (95% UI, 130.2-157.0 million) [corrected], and for SBP of 140 mm Hg or higher, the loss increased from 5.2 million (95% UI, 4.6-5.7 million) to 7.8 million (95% UI, 7.0-8.7 million). The largest numbers of SBP-related deaths were caused by ischemic heart disease (4.9 million [95% UI, 4.0-5.7 million]; 54.5%), hemorrhagic stroke (2.0 million [95% UI, 1.6-2.3 million]; 58.3%), and ischemic stroke (1.5 million [95% UI, 1.2-1.8 million]; 50.0%). In 2015, China, India, Russia, Indonesia, and the United States accounted for more than half of the global DALYs related to SBP of at least 110 to 115 mm Hg. Conclusions and Relevance: In international surveys, although there is uncertainty in some estimates, the rate of elevated SBP (≥110-115 and ≥140 mm Hg) increased substantially between 1990 and 2015, and DALYs and deaths associated with elevated SBP also increased. Projections based on this sample suggest that in 2015, an estimated 3.5 billion adults had SBP of at least 110 to 115 mm Hg and 874 million adults had SBP of 140 mm Hg or higher.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Over 50% of heart disease, stroke, and heart failure are caused by increased blood pressure.”
From São Paulo call to action for the prevention and control of high blood pressure: 2020 (2019) · cites this paper as [7]
In the citing paper
“Hypertension causes over 40% of deaths in people with dia -betes 11 and is also a leading risk for fetal and maternal death in pregnancy, dementia, and renal failure (particularly in people of African ancestry) and can cause blindness.”
From São Paulo call to action for the prevention and control of high blood pressure: 2020 (2019) · cites this paper as [7]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Chobanian, A. V., Bakris, G. L., Black, H. R., Cushman, W. C., Green, L. A., Izzo, J. L., Jones, D. W., Materson, B. J., Oparil, S., Wright, J. T., et al. (2003) · Hypertension · doi:10.1161/01.hyp.0000107251.49515.c2 · Cited by 13,271
Ng, M., Fleming, T., Robinson, M., Thomson, B., Graetz, N., Margono, C., Mullany, E. C., Biryukov, S., Abbafati, C., Abera, S. F., et al. (2014) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(14)60460-8 · Cited by 11,952
Self-citationLim, S. S., Vos, T., Flaxman, A. D., Danaei, G., Shibuya, K., Adair-Rohani, H., AlMazroa, M. A., Amann, M., Anderson, H. R., Andrews, K. G., et al. (2012) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(12)61766-8 · Cited by 11,805
Self-citationGlobal burden of hypertension: analysis of worldwide data
Kearney, P. M., Whelton, M., Reynolds, K., Muntner, P., Whelton, P. K., & He, J. (2005) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(05)17741-1 · Cited by 8,698
James, P. A., Oparil, S., Carter, B. L., Cushman, W. C., Dennison-Himmelfarb, C., Handler, J., Lackland, D. T., LeFevre, M. L., MacKenzie, T. D., Ogedegbe, O., et al. (2014) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2013.284427 · Cited by 7,950
Forouzanfar, M. H., Afshin, A., Alexander, L. T., Anderson, H. R., Bhutta, Z. A., Biryukov, S., Brauer, M., Burnett, R., Cercy, K., Charlson, F. J., et al. (2016) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(16)31679-8 · Cited by 7,698
Self-citationA Randomized Trial of Intensive versus Standard Blood-Pressure Control
The SPRINT Research Group (2015) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1511939 · Cited by 6,325
Global mortality, disability, and the contribution of risk factors: Global Burden of Disease Study
Murray, C. J., & Lopez, A. D. (1997) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(96)07495-8 · Cited by 4,492
Self-citationBlood pressure, stroke, and coronary heart disease
Collins, R., Peto, R., MacMahon, S., Godwin, J., Qizilbash, N., Collins, R., MacMahon, S., Hebert, P., Eberlein, K. A., Taylor, J. O., et al. (1990) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/0140-6736(90)90944-z · Cited by 4,491
Ettehad, D., Emdin, C. A., Kiran, A., Anderson, S. G., Callender, T., Emberson, J., Chalmers, J., Rodgers, A., & Rahimi, K. (2016) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(15)01225-8 · Cited by 3,755
Mechanisms linking obesity with cardiovascular disease
Van Gaal, L. F., Mertens, I. L., & De Block, C. E. (2006) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature05487 · Cited by 2,814
Law, M. R., Morris, J. K., & Wald, N. J. (2009) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.b1665 · Cited by 2,775
Forouzanfar, M. H., Alexander, L., Anderson, H. R., Bachman, V. F., Biryukov, S., Brauer, M., Burnett, R., Casey, D., Coates, M. M., Cohen, A., et al. (2015) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(15)00128-2 · Cited by 2,701
Self-citationHajjar, I., & Kotchen, T. (2003) · Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) · doi:10.1016/j.accreview.2003.08.045 · Cited by 2,607
Hajjar, I. M. (2003) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.290.2.199 · Cited by 2,399
Hemodynamic Patterns of Age-Related Changes in Blood Pressure: The Framingham Heart Study
Franklin, S. S., Gustin, W., Wong, N. D., Larson, M. G., Weber, M. A., Kannel, W. B., & Levy, D. (1997) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.96.1.308 · Cited by 2,321
Global burden of blood-pressure-related disease, 2001
Lawes, C. M. M., Hoorn, S. V., & Rodgers, A. (2008) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(08)60655-8 · Cited by 2,314
Wright, J. T. (2002) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.288.19.2421 · Cited by 2,039
Rapsomaniki, E., Timmis, A., George, J., Pujades-Rodriguez, M., Shah, A. D., Denaxas, S., White, I. R., Caulfield, M. J., Deanfield, J. E., Smeeth, L., et al. (2014) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(14)60685-1 · Cited by 1,643
Smoking prevalence and cigarette consumption in 187 countries, 1980-2012
Ng, M., Freeman, M. K., Fleming, T. D., Robinson, M., Dwyer-Lindgren, L., Thomson, B., Wollum, A., Sanman, E., Wulf, S., Lopez, A. D., et al. (2014) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2013.284692 · Cited by 1,576
Self-citationRecommendations for Improving and Standardizing Vascular Research on Arterial Stiffness
Townsend, R. R., Wilkinson, I. B., Schiffrin, E. L., Avolio, A. P., Chirinos, J. A., Cockcroft, J. R., Heffernan, K. S., Lakatta, E. G., McEniery, C. M., Mitchell, G. F., et al. (2015) · Hypertension · doi:10.1161/hyp.0000000000000033 · Cited by 1,527
Williamson, J. D., Supiano, M. A., Applegate, W. B., Berlowitz, D. R., Campbell, R. C., Chertow, G. M., Fine, L. J., Haley, W. E., Hawfield, A. T., Ix, J. H., et al. (2016) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2016.7050 · Cited by 1,261
Danaei, G., Finucane, M. M., Lin, J. K., Singh, G. M., Paciorek, C. J., Cowan, M. J., Farzadfar, F., Stevens, G. A., Lim, S. S., Riley, L. M., et al. (2011) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(10)62036-3 · Cited by 1,239
Worldwide prevalence of hypertension
Kearney, P. M., Whelton, M., Reynolds, K., Whelton, P. K., & He, J. (2003) · Journal of Hypertension · doi:10.1097/00004872-200401000-00003 · Cited by 1,139
Aortic Stiffness, Blood Pressure Progression, and Incident Hypertension
Kaess, B. M., Rong, J., Larson, M. G., Hamburg, N. M., Vita, J. A., Levy, D. A., Benjamin, E. J., Vasan, R. S., & Mitchell, G. F. (2012) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/2012.jama.10503 · Cited by 1,086
Xie, X., Atkins, E., Lv, J., Bennett, A., Neal, B., Ninomiya, T., Woodward, M., MacMahon, S., Turnbull, F., Hillis, G. S., et al. (2016) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(15)00805-3 · Cited by 980
Self-citationThe Metabolic Syndrome: A Global Public Health Problem and A New Definition
Zimmet, P., Magliano, D. J., Matsuzawa, Y., Alberti, K. G. M. M., & Shaw, J. E. (2005) · Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis · doi:10.5551/jat.12.295 · Cited by 892
Lv, J., Neal, B. C., Ehteshami, P., Ninomiya, T., Woodward, M., Rodgers, A., Wang, H., MacMahon, S. W., Turnbull, F., Hillis, G. S., et al. (2012) · PLoS Medicine · doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1001293 · Cited by 777
Self-citationSingh, G. M., Danaei, G., Farzadfar, F., Stevens, G. A., Woodward, M., Wormser, D., Kaptoge, S., Whitlock, G., Qiao, Q., Lewington, S., et al. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0065174 · Cited by 772
Random measurement error and regression dilution bias
Hutcheon, J. A., Chiolero, A., & Hanley, J. A. (2010) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.c2289 · Cited by 752
Ünal, B., Critchley, J., & Capewell, S. (2004) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.0000118498.35499.b2 · Cited by 740
A Randomized Trial of Intensive versus Standard Blood-Pressure Control
Bangalore, S., Rimoldi, S., & Messerli, F. H. (2016) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmc1602668 · Cited by 657
Blood pressure and cardiovascular disease in the Asia Pacific region
Asia Pacific Cohort Studies Collaboration (2003) · Journal of Hypertension · doi:10.1097/00004872-200304000-00013 · Cited by 643
Blood-Pressure Lowering in Intermediate-Risk Persons without Cardiovascular Disease
Lonn, E., Bosch, J., López-Jaramillo, P. A., Zhu, J., Liu, L., Pais, P. S., Díaz, R., Xavier, D., Sliwa, K. S., Dans, A., et al. (2016) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1600175 · Cited by 626
Blood pressure, cholesterol, and stroke in eastern Asia
Xu, Z., Sasaki, R., Wang, S., Ling, Y., Wu, X., Wu, Y., Lam, T., Xie, J., He, Y., Zhou, B., et al. (1998) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(98)03454-0 · Cited by 534
Lv, J., Ehteshami, P., Sarnak, M. J., Tighiouart, H., Jun, M., Ninomiya, T., Foote, C., Rodgers, A., Zhang, H., Wang, H., et al. (2013) · Canadian Medical Association Journal · doi:10.1503/cmaj.121468 · Cited by 309
Secular Trends in Cardiovascular Disease and Its Risk Factors in Japanese
Hata, J., Ninomiya, T., Hirakawa, Y., Nagata, M., Mukai, N., Gotoh, S., Fukuhara, M., Ikeda, F., Shikata, K., Yoshida, D., et al. (2013) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.113.002424 · Cited by 287
Cohort Profile: The Cebu Longitudinal Health and Nutrition Survey
Adair, L. S., Popkin, B. M., Akin, J. S., Guilkey, D. K., Gultiano, S. A., Borja, J. B., Perez, L., Kuzawa, C. W., McDade, T. W., & Hindin, M. J. (2010) · International Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/ije/dyq085 · Cited by 239
Racial Differences in the Impact of Elevated Systolic Blood Pressure on Stroke Risk
Howard, G., Lackland, D., Kleindorfer, D., Kissela, B., Moy, C., Judd, S., Safford, M., Cushman, M., Glasser, S., & Howard, V. (2013) · JAMA Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/2013.jamainternmed.857 · Cited by 229
Self-citationDoes Blood Pressure Inevitably Rise With Age?
Gurven, M., Blackwell, A. D., Rodriguez, D. E., Stieglitz, J., & Kaplan, H. S. (2012) · Hypertension · doi:10.1161/hypertensionaha.111.189100 · Cited by 213
Age and blood pressure changes. A 20-year follow-up study in nuns in a secluded order.
Timio, M., Verdecchia, P., Venanzi, S., Gentili, S., Ronconi, M., Francucci, B., Montanari, M., & Bichisao, E. (1988) · Hypertension · doi:10.1161/01.hyp.12.4.457 · Cited by 165
Circadian rhythm of blood pressure and the relation to cardiovascular events
Giles, T. D. (2006) · Journal of Hypertension · doi:10.1097/01.hjh.0000220098.12154.88 · Cited by 113
Xie, X., Atkins, E., & Lv, J. (2016) · Journal of Vascular Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.jvs.2016.08.069 · Cited by 107
Hypertension Subtype and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in Chinese Adults
Kelly, T. N., Gu, D., Chen, J., Huang, J., Chen, J.-C., Duan, X., Wu, X., Yau, C. L., Whelton, P. K., & He, J. (2008) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.107.723593 · Cited by 92
Taylor, R. J., Dobson, A. J., & Mirzaei, M. (2006) · European Journal of Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation · doi:10.1097/01.hjr.0000220581.42387.d4 · Cited by 77
Arterial Stiffness as a Predictor of Clinical Hypertension
Zheng, X., Jin, C., Liu, Y., Zhang, J., Zhu, Y., Kan, S., Wu, Y., Ruan, C., Lin, L., Yang, X., et al. (2015) · Journal of Clinical Hypertension · doi:10.1111/jch.12556 · Cited by 74
Higher blood pressure among Inuit migrants in Denmark than among the Inuit in Greenland
Bjerregaard, P., Jørgensen, M. E., Lumholt, P., Mosgaard, L., & Borch-Johnsen, K. (2002) · Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health · doi:10.1136/jech.56.4.279 · Cited by 41
Decline in Incident Coronary Heart Disease
Luepker, R. V. (2008) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.107.747477 · Cited by 34
China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS)
Chen, X., Smith, J. P., Strauss, J. A., Wang, Y., & Zhao, Y. (2017) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-287-082-7_42 · Cited by 24
Kearney, P. M., Whelton, M., Reynolds, K., Muntner, P., Whelton, P. K., & He, J. (2004) · Journal of Hypertension · doi:10.1097/00004872-200402001-00599 · Cited by 21
Global burden of blood pressure-related disease (1999)
MacMahon, S. W. (1999) · Cited by 20
García‐Donaire, J. A., & Ruilope, L. M. (2010) · Current Hypertension Reports · doi:10.1007/s11906-010-0129-z · Cited by 10
Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS)
Gu, D., Feng, Q., Chen, H., & Zeng, Y. (2021) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-69892-2_968-2 · Cited by 5
Mountford, W. K., Hunt, K. J., & Lackland, D. T. (2007) · Annals of Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/j.annepidem.2007.07.023 · Cited by 1
Research works printed but not linked: 4
- Wright JT Jr, Bakris G, Greene T, et al; African American Study of Kidney Disease and Hypertension Study Group. Effect of blood pressure lowering and antihypertensive drug class on progression of hypertensive kidney disease. JAMA. 2002;288(19):2421-2431.
- Murray CJL, Lopez AD. Global mortality, disability, and the contribution of risk factors. Lancet. 1997;349(9063):1436-1442.
- Lim SS, Vos T, Flaxman AD, et al. A comparative risk assessment of burden of disease and injury attributable to 67 risk factors and risk factor clusters in 21 regions, 1990-2010. Lancet. 2012;380 (9859):2224-2260.
- Piper MA, Evans CV, Burda BU, et al. Screening for High Blood Pressure in Adults: A Systematic Evidence Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force. Rockville (MD). US: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality; 2014. http://www .ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK269495/. Accessed December 17, 2015.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
2018 ESC/ESH Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension
Williams, B., Mancia, G., Spiering, W., Agabiti Rosei, E., Azizi, M., Burnier, M., Clement, D. L., Coca, A., de Simone, G., Dominiczak, A., et al. (2018) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehy339 · Cited by 10,286
Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2020 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association
Virani, S. S., Alonso, A., Benjamin, E. J., Bittencourt, M. S., Callaway, C. W., Carson, A. P., Chamberlain, A. M., Chang, A. R., Cheng, S., Delling, F. N., et al. (2020) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0000000000000757 · Cited by 9,175
Self-citationHeart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2019 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association
Benjamin, E. J., Muntner, P., Alonso, A., Bittencourt, M. S., Callaway, C. W., Carson, A. P., Chamberlain, A. M., Chang, A. R., Cheng, S., Das, S. R., et al. (2019) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0000000000000659 · Cited by 9,036
Self-citationFeigin, V. L., Stark, B. A., Johnson, C. O., Roth, G. A., Bisignano, C., Gebreheat, G., Abbasifard, M., Abbasi‐Kangevari, M., Abd-Allah, F., Abedi, V., et al. (2021) · The Lancet Neurology · doi:10.1016/s1474-4422(21)00252-0 · Cited by 8,602
Self-citationWhelton, P. K., Carey, R. M., Aronow, W. S., Casey, D. E., Collins, K. J., Dennison Himmelfarb, C., DePalma, S. M., Gidding, S., Jamerson, K. A., Jones, D. W., et al. (2018) · Hypertension · doi:10.1161/hyp.0000000000000065 · Cited by 7,391
Metadata
- Authors
- Forouzanfar, M. H., Liu, P., Roth, G. A., Ng, M., Biryukov, S., Marczak, L., Alexander, L., Estep, K., Hassen Abate, K., Akinyemiju, T. F., Ali, R., Alvis-Guzman, N., Azzopardi, P., Banerjee, A., Bärnighausen, T., Basu, A., Bekele, T., Bennett, D. A., Biadgilign, S., Catalá-López, F., Feigin, V. L., Fernandes, J. C., Fischer, F., Gebru, A. A., Gona, P., Gupta, R., Hankey, G. J., Jonas, J. B., Judd, S. E., Khang, Y.-H., Khosravi, A., Kim, Y. J., Kimokoti, R. W., Kokubo, Y., Kolte, D., Lopez, A., Lotufo, P. A., Malekzadeh, R., Melaku, Y. A., Mensah, G. A., Misganaw, A., Mokdad, A. H., Moran, A. E., Nawaz, H., Neal, B., Ngalesoni, F. N., Ohkubo, T., Pourmalek, F., Rafay, A., Rai, R. K., Rojas-Rueda, D., Sampson, U. K., Santos, I. S., Sawhney, M., Schutte, A. E., Sepanlou, S. G., Shifa, G. T., Shiue, I., Tedla, B. A., Thrift, A. G., Tonelli, M., Truelsen, T., Tsilimparis, N., Ukwaja, K. N., Uthman, O. A., Vasankari, T., Venketasubramanian, N., Vlassov, V. V., Vos, T., Westerman, R., Yan, L. L., Yano, Y., Yonemoto, N., Zaki, M. E. S., & Murray, C. J. L.
- Affiliations
- University of Washington (US)
- Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
- University of Alabama at Birmingham (US)
- University of Oxford (GB)
- Universidad de Cartagena, Cartagena de Indias, Colombia
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (AU)
- Farr Institute (GB)
- Harvard University (US)
- University of Canterbury (NZ)
- Madda Walabu University (ET)
- Independent Public Health Consultants, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
- Universitat de València (ES)
- Auckland University of Technology (NZ)
- Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, IBILI - Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Bielefeld University (DE)
- Mekelle University (ET)
- University of Massachusetts Boston (US)
- Eternal Hospital (IN)
- The University of Western Australia (AU)
- Heidelberg University (DE)
- Seoul National University (KR)
- Ministry of Health and Medical Education (IR)
- Southern University College (MY)
- Simmons University (US)
- National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center (JP)
- Brown University (US)
- University of Melbourne, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, Melbourne, QLD, Australia
- Universidade de São Paulo (BR)
- Digestive Disease Research Institute (IR)
- The University of Adelaide (AU)
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- Columbia University (US)
- SIU Medicine (US)
- The University of Sydney (AU)
- Ministry of Health and Social Welfare (TZ)
- Teikyo University (JP)
- University of British Columbia (CA)
- Contech School of Public Health, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
- Society for Health and Demographic Surveillance, Suri, India
- ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain
- Marshall University (US)
- South African Medical Research Council (ZA)
- Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples' Region (ET)
- Northumbria University (GB)
- James Cook University (AU)
- Monash Health (AU)
- University of Calgary (CA)
- University of Copenhagen (DK)
- Universität Hamburg (DE)
- Federal Teaching Hospital Abakaliki (NG)
- University of Warwick (GB)
- Urho Kaleva Kekkonen Institute (FI)
- Raffles Neuroscience Centre, Raffles Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia
- Federal Institute for Population Research (DE)
- Duke Kunshan University (CN)
- Northwestern University (US)
- National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (JP)
- Mansoura University (EG)
- Corresponding author
- Murray, Christopher J. L.
- ORCID
- Forouzanfar, Mohammad H.
- Liu, Patrick
- Roth, Gregory A.
- Ng, Marie
- Marczak, Laurie
- Alexander, Lily
- Akinyemiju, Tomi F.
- Ali, Raghib
- Azzopardi, Peter
- Banerjee, Amitava
- Bärnighausen, Till
- Basu, Arindam
- Bennett, Derrick A.
- Biadgilign, Sibhatu
- Catalá-López, Ferrán
- Feigin, Valery L.
- Fischer, Florian
- Gona, Philimon
- Gupta, Rajeev
- Hankey, Graeme J.
- Jonas, Jost B.
- Judd, Suzanne E.
- Khang, Young-Ho
- Khosravi, Ardeshir
- Kim, Yun Jin
- Kimokoti, Ruth W.
- Kokubo, Yoshihiro
- Kolte, Dhaval
- Lotufo, Paulo A.
- Melaku, Yohannes Adama
- Mensah, George A.
- Misganaw, Awoke
- Mokdad, Ali H.
- Moran, Andrew E.
- Neal, Bruce
- Ohkubo, Takayoshi
- Pourmalek, Farshad
- Santos, Itamar S.
- Schutte, Aletta E.
- Sepanlou, Sadaf G.
- Shifa, Girma Temam
- Shiue, Ivy
- Tedla, Bemnet Amare
- Thrift, Amanda G.
- Tonelli, Marcello
- Tsilimparis, Nikolaos
- Ukwaja, Kingsley Nnanna
- Uthman, Olalekan A.
- Vasankari, Tommi
- Venketasubramanian, Narayanaswamy
- Vos, Theo
- Westerman, Ronny
- Yan, Lijing L.
- Yano, Yuichiro
- Yonemoto, Naohiro
- Zaki, Maysaa El Sayed
- Murray, Christopher J. L.
- Venue
- JAMA
- Publisher
- American Medical Association (AMA)
- Published
- 2017-01-10
- Volume
- 317
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 165
- ISSN
- 0002-9955 (ISSN-L)
- 0098-7484
- OpenAlex
- W2572331255
- Cited by
- 2,381
- References
- 56
- Citations by year
- 2026: 120 · 2025: 186 · 2024: 280 · 2023: 329 · 2022: 323 · 2021: 320 · 2020: 308 · 2019: 264 · 2018: 166 · 2017: 78
- FWCI
- 172.71
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- JAMA (publishedVersion)
- UWA Profiles and Research Repository (UWA) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- RECERCAT (Consorci de Serveis Universitaris de Catalunya) (publishedVersion)
- ResearchOnline at James Cook University (James Cook University) (submittedVersion)
- Dipòsit Digital de la Universitat de Barcelona (Universitat de Barcelona) (submittedVersion, public-domain)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- Institutional Repositories DataBase (IRDB) (submittedVersion)
- Northumbria Research Link (Northumbria University) (submittedVersion)
- PUB – Publications at Bielefeld University (Bielefeld University) (submittedVersion)
- Publikationen an der Universität Bielefeld (Universität Bielefeld) (submittedVersion)
- Seoul National University Open Repository (Seoul National University) (submittedVersion)
- Spiral (Imperial College London) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation
- Omron Healthcare
- National Institute for Health and Care Research (CL-2010-09-002)
- Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo
- Medical Research Council
- National Health and Medical Research Council
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Sodium Intake and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Health and Risk Factors
- Keywords
- hypertension, systolic blood pressure, global burden of disease, ischemic heart disease, ischemic stroke, hemorrhagic stroke, disability-adjusted life years, cause-specific mortality, cardiovascular disease, health loss, age and sex differences, spatiotemporal trends, cardiovascular risk factors, 1990-2015 trends
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Blood Pressure, Cause of Death, Female, Health Surveys, Humans, Hypertension, Male, Middle Aged, Monte Carlo Method, Systole, Global Health, Prevalence, Normal Distribution, Myocardial Ischemia, Age Distribution, Sex Distribution, Risk Assessment, Quality-Adjusted Life Years, Intracranial Hemorrhages, Stroke, Uncertainty, Renal Insufficiency, Chronic
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
