Mechanisms linking obesity with cardiovascular disease
Abstract
Obesity increases the risk of cardiovascular disease and premature death. Adipose tissue releases a large number of bioactive mediators that influence not only body weight homeostasis but also insulin resistance - the core feature of type 2 diabetes - as well as alterations in lipids, blood pressure, coagulation, fibrinolysis and inflammation, leading to endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis. We are now beginning to understand the underlying mechanisms as well as the ways in which smoking and dyslipidaemia increase, and physical activity attenuates, the adverse effects of obesity on cardiovascular health.
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Obesity is strongly associated with the development of major risk factors for atherosclerotic disease such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes.
“Obesity is strongly associated with the development of major risk factors for atherosclerotic disease such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes (79, 89, 358).”
From Cardiac remodeling in obesity (2008) · cites this paper as [358]
Endothelial dysfunction is widely present in obesity and the metabolic syndrome.
“In addition, endothelial dysfunction is widely present in obesity and the metabolic syndrome (84, 325, 358).”
From Cardiac remodeling in obesity (2008) · cites this paper as [358]
In other populations, such as the STRONG heart study and Framingham heart study, diabetes or metabolic syndrome appear to be significant risk factors for LV hypertrophy.
“In other populations, such as those in the STRONG heart study (native Americans of the western United States) and the Framingham heart study, diabetes or the metabolic syndrome do appear to be significant risk factors for LV hypertrophy (272, 306, 358).”
From Cardiac remodeling in obesity (2008) · cites this paper as [358]
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“, CRP or IL-6) that are thought to contribute to disorders like cardiovascular disease, obesity, and depression [54; 55; 56].”
BackgroundBonnet, F., & Scheen, A. J. (2018) · Diabetes & Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.diabet.2018.09.005 · Cited by 311 · see citing works
Fitzgibbons, T. P., Kogan, S., Aouadi, M., Hendricks, G. M., Straubhaar, J., & Czech, M. (2011) · American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00376.2011 · Cited by 305 · see citing works
Inflammation: Roles in Skeletal Muscle Atrophy
Ji, Y., Li, M., Chang, M., Liu, R., Qiu, J., Wang, K., Deng, C., Shen, Y., Zhu, J., Wang, W., et al. (2022) · Antioxidants · doi:10.3390/antiox11091686 · Cited by 311 · see citing works
Cardiovascular Disease in Type 2 Diabetes From Population to Man to Mechanisms
Laakso, M. (2010) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc09-0749 · Cited by 299 · see citing works
Adipose-resident group 1 innate lymphoid cells promote obesity-associated insulin resistance
O’Sullivan, T. E., Rapp, M., Fan, X., Weizman, O.-E., Bhardwaj, P., Adams, N. M., Walzer, T., Dannenberg, A. J., & Sun, J. C. (2016) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2016.06.016 · Cited by 293 · see citing works
“In human studies, VAT inflammation in obese patients is thought to be the primary cause of obesity-induced insulin resistance (Van Gaal et al., 2006; Xu et al., 2003).”
BackgroundRole of MCP-1 in cardiovascular disease: molecular mechanisms and clinical implications
Niu, J., & Kolattukudy, P. E. (2009) · Clinical Science · doi:10.1042/cs20080581 · Cited by 292 · see citing works
- Authors
- Van Gaal, L. F., Mertens, I. L., & De Block, C. E.
- Affiliations
- University of Antwerp (BE)
- Venue
- Nature
- Published
- 2006-12
- Volume
- 444
- Issue
- 7121
- Pages
- 875-880
- ISSN
- 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-4687
- OpenAlex
- W1964607854
- Cited by
- 2,814
- References
- 86
- Citations by year
- 2026: 64 · 2025: 97 · 2024: 126 · 2023: 137 · 2022: 151 · 2021: 172 · 2020: 179 · 2019: 204 · 2018: 172 · 2017: 173 · 2016: 168 · 2015: 193 · 2014: 194 · 2013: 152 · 2012: 128
- FWCI
- 11.30
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Nature (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Disease and Adiposity
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Keywords
- obesity, cardiovascular disease, adipose tissue, adipokines, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, blood pressure, coagulation, fibrinolysis, inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, atherosclerosis, smoking, physical activity, premature mortality
- MeSH terms
- Cardiovascular Diseases, Endothelium, Vascular, Humans, Insulin Resistance, Obesity, Oxidative Stress, Adiposity
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