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Supporting the Health Care Workforce During the COVID-19 Global Epidemic
Abstract
This Viewpoint discusses the importance of protecting health care workers caring for patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and measures that can be taken in and out of the hospital to prevent their and their families' exposure to SARS-CoV-2.
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“This is known to lead to immense pressure on all health care workers (HCW) due to increased workload, anxiety regarding acquiring infection or passing it on to a family member and fears of death (Chen et al., 2020; Adams and Walls, 2020)”
From Integrating mental health in COVID-19 crisis: Staff mental health referral pathway (2020) · cites this paper as Adams and Walls, 2020
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Research works printed but not linked: 5
- Del Rio, COVID-19—new insights on a rapidly changing epidemic., JAMA
- Bai, Presumed asymptomatic carrier transmission of COVID-19., JAMA
- Radonovich, 2019, N95 respirators vs medical masks for preventing influenza among health care personnel: a randomized clinical trial., JAMA, 322, 824, 10.1001/jama.2019.11645 · DOI · Paper page
- Ong, Air, surface environmental, and personal protective equipment contamination by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) from a symptomatic patient., JAMA
- JAMA Network. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/pages/coronavirus-alert
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Nerobkova, N., Kim, S. Y., Park, E., & Shin, J. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph192012992 · Cited by 2
Analysis on the literature communication path of new media integrating public mental health
Liu, S. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.997558 · Cited by 3
“With the advent of the economic era of reform and opening up, there will be some unfairness and market competition in the social economy, which will lead to problems such as instant collapse of the economy (Hsiung et al., 2019; Adams and Walls, 2020).”
BackgroundCRITICAL CARE NURSES' CONFLICT AND COMMUNICATION GAP DURING CARE OF PATIENTS WITH CORONA VIRUS
Ibrahim, N., Ahmed, S. A. E. M., & Shereif, W. I. (2022) · Port Said Scientific Journal of Nursing · doi:10.21608/pssjn.2022.95554.1149 · Cited by 1
“Adams and Walls, (2020) stated that the nature of care and new ways of working is highly stressful for the nursing staff. Nurses had an increased volume and severity of work. The staff-patient ratio of one-to-one had changed to one-to-six or more. Shortages of staff and private personal protective equipment (PPE); unf…”
BackgroundSarabi, N., Hajatpour, M., Masoudiyekta, L., & Moosavi, A. (2022) · Jundishapur Journal of Health Sciences · doi:10.5812/jjhs-127455 · Cited by 3
“Instead, it is imperative to have decisive leadership that focuses on goals and strategies (15), involving communication, collaboration, coordination, and support (16).”
BackgroundThe Influence of Job Performance, Job Stress to Work-Life Balance among COVID-19 Frontliners
Isaal, I. V., Factolarin, J. E., Otom, A. L., & Umbay, G. S. (2022) · IJEBD (International Journal Of Entrepreneurship And Business Development) · doi:10.29138/ijebd.v5i4.1884 · Cited by 1
“…by setting separation of living places, change of clothes, and taking a shower right after duty could aid to minimize anxiety among Frontliners in such a situation (Adams & Walls, 2020); (Bansal et al., 2020); Blake et al., 2020; Choi et al., 2020, 2020; Lu et al., 2020; Zhang et al., 2020).”
Evans, S. M., Shaw, N., Veitch, R., & Layton, M. (2022) · Journal of Interprofessional Care · doi:10.1080/13561820.2022.2075836 · Cited by 3
“Health care services have needed to make rapid, significant changes to service delivery to care for infected patients and to protect others from infection (Adams & Walls, 2020).”
Backgroundd’Ussel, M., Adam, F., Fels, A., Châtellier, G., & Philippart, F. (2022) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2022.913126 · Cited by 2
Examining the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Sustainability of Healthcare Services
Kiymis, I., Akbulut, M., & Kaya, A. A. (2022) · Gümüşhane üniversitesi sağlık bilimleri dergisi · doi:10.37989/gumussagbil.1003232 · Cited by 2
Zhao, M., Zhao, J., Yan, J., & Gao, X.-Y. (2022) · Frontiers in Medicine · doi:10.3389/fmed.2022.906140 · Cited by 2
“Many studies and experts have reported that the use of proper PPE for the medical staff can reduce the risk of infection for medical staff and patients (6, 7).”
BackgroundMental Health Impact and Burnout in Critical Care Staff During Coronavirus Disease 2019 Outbreak
Gramaglia, C. M., Bazzano, S., Gambaro, E., Cena, T., Azzolina, D., Costa, A. N., Zeppegno, P., & Corte, F. D. (2022) · Türk anesteziyoloji ve reanimasyon derneği dergisi · doi:10.5152/tjar.2022.21263 · Cited by 5
Darvishian, M., Sharafkhah, M., Mohammadi, Z., Sadeghniiat-Haghighi, K., Abdollahi, A., Jafary, M., Talaschian, M., Tabarsi, P., Baghai, P., Mardani, M., et al. (2022) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2022.832003 · Cited by 2
“Hence, sufficient access to PPE as well as assigning HCWswith comorbid conditions to hospital wards with lower risk of infection may need to be considered as the potential strategies to reduce the risk of infection and mortality among HCWs (3).”
BackgroundTackling the Italian emergency 2019- nCoV: nurses’ knowledge, attitudes and behaviors
Rosa, D., Villa, G., Giannetta, N., Dionisi, S., Togni, S., Bonetti, L., Terzoni, S., Muzio, M. D., & Simone, E. D. (2022) · Acta bio-medica : Atenei Parmensis · doi:10.23750/abm.v93i1.12316 · Cited by 2
“(2019-nCoV) represents a serious public health problem with enormous economic, social, and health consequences (1,2).”
BackgroundPsychological demands of health professionals in the initial phase of the COVID-19 pandemic
Silva, M. C. M. V., Ioschpe, B., Diniz, F. S., de Oliveira, G. M. R., Saffi, F., Soares, A. R. A., Rocca, C. C. D. A., & Serafim, A. D. P. (2022) · Psicologia Reflexão e Crítica · doi:10.1186/s41155-021-00204-w · Cited by 2
“Frontline professionals are at risk not only of developing the adverse health outcomes related to COVID-19 but also of indirectly experiencing trauma through their work (Adams & Walls, 2020).”
BackgroundSahakian, T., Daouk-Öyry, L., Kroon, B., Kooij, D. T. A. M., & Alameddine, M. (2021) · Journal of health organization and management · doi:10.1108/jhom-03-2021-0101 · Cited by 2
Thottoli, M. M. (2021) · Strategic decisions and risk management · doi:10.17747/2618-947x-2021-2-138-149 · Cited by 2
COVID-19 Pandemi Sürecinde Sağlık Çalışanlarının Yaşadıkları Mental Sorunlar
Özaydın, Ö., & Güdük, Ö. (2021) · Yüksek İhtisas Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi · doi:10.51261/yiu.2021.00035 · Cited by 4
Virani, S. (2021) · Nursing · doi:10.1097/01.nurse.0000800072.35132.c1 · Cited by 2
Ozcan, S., & Kırca, N. (2021) · Psychiatria Danubina · doi:10.24869/psyd.2021.402 · Cited by 2
“The contents of the interviews were recorded with the Microsoft Office program and the data obtained were analyzed in seven steps: (1) Transcribing all the descriptions, (2) Extracting significant statements, (3) Creating formulated meanings, (4) Aggregating formulated meanings into theme clusters, (5) Developing an e…”
BackgroundMethodEffects of COVID-19 Pandemic on Turkish Private Practice Dentists’ Economic Well-Being
Karaaslan, F., Dikilitaş, A., & Yiğit, U. (2021) · Balkan Journal of Dental Medicine · doi:10.2478/bjdm-2021-0028 · Cited by 2
The Management of Wrist Fractures During COVID-19: A Preliminary Report
Okereke, I. C., Ramadan, O., & Sampalli, S. R. (2021) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.19982 · Cited by 2
“With over 240 million confirmed cases and more than four million mortalities globally [11, 12], healthcare systems have suffered strains on capacity and workforce depletion from many ill people requiring intensive care [13].”
BackgroundDemirdöğen, E. Ş., Algedik, P., Warikoo, N., Bahadır, E., Akbıyık, M., Büyüktarakçı, S., Kadak, M. T., & Yavuz, M. (2021) · Psychology Health & Medicine · doi:10.1080/13548506.2021.1985147 · Cited by 3
“Current evidence suggests that appropriate support interventions for HCWs can only be planned with comprehensive understanding of the negative effects of pandemics on their mental health (Busch et al., 2021) and tailored support based on individual vulnerability factors can play a key role in the effectiveness of thes…”
BackgroundResultInfluentialRobbins, T., Kyrou, I., Clark, C. C. T., Sharma, K., Laird, S., Berry, L., Morgan, N., Patel, K., Sankar, S., & Randeva, H. S. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph18179378 · Cited by 5
“Healthcare staff internationally have continued to work under increased pressure throughout the pandemic, coming into contact with large volumes of patients with confirmed or possible COVID-19 [2].”
BackgroundCarga del cuidador y resiliencia de enfermeros en atención domiciliaria durante pandemia covid-19
Henao-Castaño, Á., Blanco-Caviedes, J. J., & Fajardo-Ramos, E. (2021) · Revista Ciencia y Cuidado · doi:10.22463/17949831.3060 · Cited by 2
“En función de lo planteado anteriormente se deduce que la responsabilidad de los profesionales en atención domiciliaria no solo demuestra su capacidad de adaptación a diferentes situaciones, sino que también están capacitados para afrontar las cargas en diferentes momentos y cómo estas afectan su entorno profesional y…”
BackgroundWessling, E. G., Randolph, A. H., Neill, L. A., Gandhi, K., Conrardy, M. J., Chodakowski, J. D., Kippenhan, M., Loftus, T. M., & Malik, S. (2021) · Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness · doi:10.1017/dmp.2021.248 · Cited by 2
“In order tominimize risk of transmission, the ED was adapted via 3 primary interventions: (1) creating an open-air care space in the ambulance bay to cohort, triage, and rapidly test patients with suspected COVID-19, (2) constructing temporary doors on all open treatment rooms, and (3) adapting and expanding the waiti…”
MethodCompliance with Standard Precautions among Midwives during the COVID-19 pandemic
Gayatri, M., Akingbade, O., Adesuyi, E., Pirade, R., van Antwerpen, N., Sari, N. P., & Sutrisno, S. (2021) · Jurnal Midwifery · doi:10.25077/jom.6.1.94-105.2021 · Cited by 2
Occupational Health and Safety of Health Care Professionals During Pandemic COVID-19
Suraj, Sumita, K., & Kaur, A. (2021) · Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development · doi:10.37506/ijphrd.v12i3.16076 · Cited by 2
Adhikari, G., Poudel, L., Pokhrel, B., Bhandari, G., & Shrestha, K. K. (2021) · Journal of Nepal Medical Association · doi:10.31729/jnma.5516
Lu, D.-H., Hsu, C.-A., Yuan, E. J., Fen, J.-J., Lee, C.-Y., Ming, J.-L., Chen, T.-J., Lee, W.-C., & Chen, S.-A. (2021) · JMIR Medical Informatics · doi:10.2196/20994 · Cited by 2
“To contain the spread of the disease in inpatient departments, visitors to patients have been restricted to specific time slots, and the total number of visitors has been regulated [7,8].”
BackgroundCOVID-19, SARS-CoV-2: Impact on healthcare workers in the pandemic’s initial months: Rapid review
Malone, R. (2021) · International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Safety · doi:10.24840/2184-0954_005.001_0001 · Cited by 2
“Until an effective SARS-CoV-2 vaccine is available and implemented globally, there will be continued pressure on the health care workforce (Adams and Walls, 2020).”
BackgroundPandemics and Beyond: Considerations When Personal Risk and Professional Obligations Converge
Benedetti, D., Lewis-Newby, M., Roberts, J., & Diekema, D. (2021) · Journal of Clinical Ethics · doi:10.1086/jce2021321020 · Cited by 2
ANALYSIS OF THE MULTIDIMENSIONAL IMPACTS OF CORONA VIRUS DISEASE-2019 (COVID-19) PANDEMIC
Imran, I., Sarir, S., Khattak, M. K., Alam, I., & Zubair, S. (2021) · Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews · doi:10.18510/hssr.2021.919 · Cited by 2
“Currently, in all confirmed or suspected cases of Covid-19, the CDC advises the use of PPE, including: (1) face mask or respirator, (2) eye protection, (3) non-sterile gloves, and (4) isolation gowns (U.”
BackgroundWang, W., Guo, B., Cui, C., Sun, T., & Liu, S. (2021) · Journal of Cancer · doi:10.7150/jca.50501 · Cited by 4
“COVID-19 pandemic and the implementation of isolation policies have had a great impact on normal medical activities [8].”
BackgroundZhou, Y., Li, C., Zhang, X., Li, X., Li, Y., Miao, W., Dai, Y., You, D., & Li, Y. (2021) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-021-11479-0 · Cited by 2
“Being afraid of spreading the virus to family members and 233 friends, high levels of anxiety and depression are unavoidable [8, 12, 13, 14].”
BackgroundChinyere, O. I., & Oghagbon, E. K. (2021) · Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine · doi:10.3389/fcvm.2021.626115 · Cited by 2
“Overall, as CV health workers are on the front lines treating Covid-19 patients, all possible measures should be implemented to reduce the risk of exposure (54).”
BackgroundNawathe, P., Wong, R., Pollock, G. A., Green, J., Kissen, M. S., Ng, P., Cohen, S., Barron, J., Robert, S., Slingwine, C., et al. (2021) · Journal of Vascular Access · doi:10.1177/1129729821991754 · Cited by 2
Çelik, H., Bal, E., & Çetinkaya, Ş. (2020) · Türkiye Halk Sağlığı Dergisi · doi:10.20518/tjph.757207 · Cited by 2
Workplace Environment and Employee Performance in Fort Portal Referral Hospital, Uganda
Agaba, D., Ssebagala, C., Micheal, T., Pastor, K., & Osunsan, O. K. (2020) · International Research Journal of Multidisciplinary Scope · doi:10.47857/irjms.2020.v01si02.025 · Cited by 2
Managing cancer patients care during the COVID-19 outbreak: a literature investigate
ÖZYER, Y., & Yanmış, S. (2020) · International Journal of Emergency Services · doi:10.1108/ijes-06-2020-0031 · Cited by 3
Updated general recommendations in cancer management during the COVID-19 pandemic in the Philippines
Ting, F., Mendoza, M., Sacdalan, D. B., Abarquez, H. S., & Uson, A. J. (2020) · ecancermedicalscience · doi:10.3332/ecancer.2020.1128 · Cited by 2
Temiz, M., Yürük, E., Kandıralı, E., Semerciöz, A., & Müslümanoğlu, A. (2020) · Turkish journal of urology · doi:10.5152/tud.2020.20362 · Cited by 2
“We considered the fact that hospital personnel including caregivers, support staff, administration, and preparedness teams could be stressed out by the challenges of a prolonged response to COVID-19 as in other countries.[22] As the number of COVID-19 cases exceed the capacity of our hospital, the risk of disease spre…”
BackgroundDampak Himbauan Social Distancing Dalam Mengurangi Penyebaran Covid-19 Pada Masyarakat Bali
Utama, I. G. B. R., Suamba, I. B. P., Sumartana, I. M., Waruwu, D., & Krismawintari, N. P. D. (2020) · Jurnal Aplikasi dan Inovasi Iptek (JASINTEK) · doi:10.52232/jasintek.v2i1.48 · Cited by 2
Noerhartati, E., Zulkifli, C. Z., Karyati, P., Wisnujati, N., Robiyansah, I. E., Saurina, N., & Muharlisiani, L. (2020) · doi:10.29138/ijebd.v3i3.1122 · Cited by 2
“…(1) and (2), studies are needed specifically to support health and food priorities, where the wider community does not all understand how to prevent the transmission of the covid virus 19 (Adams & Walls, 2020); (Baker, Farrokhnia, Meyer, Pagel, & Yannelis, 2020); (C. J. Wang, Ng, & Brook, 2020).”
BackgroundCOVID-19 Pandemic and the South African Podiatrist
Zipfel, B., & Dembskey, N. (2020) · doi:10.20944/preprints202009.0425.v1 · Cited by 2
Argentine experience with telemedicine for venous care during the COVID-19 pandemic
Rodriguez-Santos, F., Loson, V., Plazzotta, F., & Martínez, H. (2020) · Journal of Vascular Surgery: Venous and Lymphatic Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jvsv.2020.08.021 · Cited by 2
Considerations for Pregnant Dental and Health Care Workers amid COVID-19
Mann, A., Dahiya, A., Souza, L. C., & Letra, A. (2020) · JDR Clinical & Translational Research · doi:10.1177/2380084420952747 · Cited by 2
“HCPs can also request to be redeployed to other work areas (e.g., phone triages and telescreening of patients for COVID-19) or be restricted to patient care involving nonAGPs (e.g., evaluations and treatment planning) without any prejudice to their employment status (Adams and Walls 2020).”
BackgroundCardiac surgeons between apprehension and ethical duty in the COVID-19 pandemic
Bakry, A., Sobhy, E., & Abdelmohty, H. (2020) · Asian Cardiovascular and Thoracic Annals · doi:10.1177/0218492320943355 · Cited by 2
“treating patients with COVID-19 is mandatory and effective.(4) No clinical data are available on whether an N95 mask gives greater protection than a regular Figure 2.”
BackgroundMachine Learning Systems in Epidemics: In the AI of the Storm
Khader, K. (2020) · International Journal of Computer Applications · doi:10.5120/ijca2020920323 · Cited by 2
Raje, D. V., Bajaj, A., Chakraborty, M., & Purohit, H. J. (2020) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2020.06.05.20123364 · Cited by 2
Ana, C.-C. M., Mira, J., Caride-Miana, E., Fernández-Jiménez, A., & Orozco-Beltrán, D. (2020) · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-27476/v1 · Cited by 2
“Background The COVID-19 pandemic is affecting people of all nations worldwide [1].”
BackgroundHsu, C.-A., Yuan, E. J., Fen, J.-J., Lee, C.-Y., Ming, J.-L., Chen, T.-J., Lee, W.-C., & Chen, S.-A. (2020) · Journal of the Chinese Medical Association · doi:10.1097/jcma.0000000000000327 · Cited by 2
Injection Molded Autoclavable, Scalable, Conformable (iMASC) system for aerosol-based protection
Traverso, C., Byrne, J. D., Wentworth, A., Chai, P., Huang, H., Babaee, S., Li, C., Becker, S. L., Tov, C., & Min, S. (2020) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2020.04.03.20052688 · Cited by 2
Fatigue and burnout in nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic
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“Lack of medical and protective equipment, long working hours, changes in sleep and work-life patterns, and occupational hazards associated with virus transmission have contributed to physical and mental fatigue, stress and anxiety, and burnout [11].”
BackgroundFirouzabadi, M., Pourramezani, N., Alavi-Arjas, F., Balvardi, M., & Badrabadi, N. (2022) · Medicinski casopis · doi:10.5937/mckg56-36544 · Cited by 2
Politycy i eksperci – Polska i USA w obliczu pandemii COVID-19
Badora-Musiał, K., & Dusza, D. (2021) · Zdrowie Publiczne i Zarządzanie · doi:10.4467/20842627oz.20.022.14139 · Cited by 2
“W przeciwieństwie do polityków i decydentów na różnych szczeblach, którzy od początku pandemii oferowali raczej niejasne i często sprzeczne rady, wielu ekspertów ostrzegało, że epidemia może wybuchnąć i bardzo wcześnie sugerowali wprowadzenie szeregu środków zapobiegawczych (w tym dystans społeczny, zamykanie szkół i…”
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Parker-Jenkins, N., & Duah, J. (2026) · Healthcare · doi:10.3390/healthcare14030414 · Cited by 1
“…health care workers experienced heightened stress and burnout, some organizations implemented adaptive strategies such as increased leadership visibility, improved communication, and professional recognition that may have mitigated workforce attrition despite limited changes in pay structures [16].”
Karcıoğlu, U. B. (2025) · Journal of Healthcare Management and Leadership · doi:10.35345/johmal.1670414 · Cited by 3
Physician burnout in Maryland: young female physicians at highest risk during COVID-19
Hritz, S., Umanzor, A. F., Hwang, J., Johannesen, C., & Ranasinghe, P. D. (2025) · Annals of Medicine · doi:10.1080/07853890.2025.2556968 · Cited by 1
“Physicians have been identified as a group particularly vulnerable to burnout, as well as depression, suicide, PTSD, and substance use disorders [1–5].”
Guo, R., Li, J., Liu, M., & Liu, M. (2025) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-025-23910-x · Cited by 1
Validating Capacitive Pressure Sensors for Mobile Gait Assessment
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Exploring the diverse factors influencing healthcare utilization during the COVID-19 crisis
Chaturvedi, B., Raj, P., Singh, P., Bareth, H., Sharma, A., Singh, M., Nathiya, D., & Tomar, B. (2025) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2025.1512735 · Cited by 1
“The evolution of additional variants highlighted the importance of timely and appropriate care-seeking behaviors (9, 10).”
Yan, R., Zeng, L., Li, S.-Y., Wan, Y.-L., & Liu, Y.-F. (2025) · Journal of Occupational Health · doi:10.1093/joccuh/uiaf022 · Cited by 1
“26 Inadequate inspection and supervision by hospital managers is a significant challenge in effectively managing occupational exposure risk to major infectious diseases.”
Aljuaid, A. M. (2025) · Processes · doi:10.3390/pr13041074 · Cited by 2
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“In response to the global demand for personal protective equipment during the COVID-19 pandemic, various scientific strategies has been implemented, including social distancing, rigorous hand hygiene, and other preventive measures (Adams & Walls, 2020).”
Decoding lung complexity: single-cell sequencing in lung diseases, regeneration, and drug discovery
Wang, P., & Tang, N. (2024) · Frontiers in Drug Discovery · doi:10.3389/fddsv.2024.1495208 · Cited by 1
Health Anxiety, Sleep Quality in Healthcare Workers Under Critical Conditions of Emerging Diseases
Montazeri, A., Sadaghloo, A., Fahimi, K., Gashmard, R., & Zare, A. (2024) · Shiraz E Medical Journal · doi:10.5812/semj-143731 · Cited by 1
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“However, the stringent protocols and heavy workload have taken a toll on nurses' mental health (Adams & Walls, 2020).”
BackgroundPatient safety in the pandemic: Experiences of charge nurses.
Ünal, A., Öncü, Y. A., & Arıkan, E. (2024) · International Journal of Nursing Practice · doi:10.1111/ijn.13307 · Cited by 1
Abad-Corpa, E., Rich-Ruíz, M., Sánchez-López, D., Ruiz, C. S., Casado-Ramírez, E., Arregui-Gallego, B., Moreno-Casbas, M. T., Muñoz-Jiménez, D., Vidal-Thomàs, M., M. Company-Sancho, et al. (2024) · Nursing Inquiry · doi:10.1111/nin.12673 · Cited by 1
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Lived Experiences of Physicians Working in Hospitals during the COVID-19 Crisis: A Qualitative Study
Hayat, A. A., Sadati, A. K., Heydari, S. T., Ramezani, G., & Keshavarzi, M. H. (2023) · Journal of Qualitative Research in Health Sciences · doi:10.34172/jqr.2023.20 · Cited by 2
“When health crises such as SARS or COVID-19 emerge, the health authorities should plan to consider reasonable work shifts for staff to increase their self-care (20).”
BackgroundExperiences of Caring for Cohort-Isolated Patients among Nurses in Locked Psychiatric Units
An, H., Kim, K., Lee, J.-E., & Won, S. (2023) · Healthcare · doi:10.3390/healthcare11192650 · Cited by 2
“However, strictly adhering to infection prevention guidelines is crucial for the protection of health care workers [27].”
BackgroundBest Practices of Hospitals in Management of Epidemic Conditions: A Scoping Review
Asl, I. M., Tahmasebi, A., Aryankhesal, A., Vatankhah, S., & Masoumi, G. (2023) · Galen Medical Journal · doi:10.31661/gmj.v12i.2824 · Cited by 1
“In line with the former studies, the present study highlighted the application of PPE, including gowns, gloves, masks, and face shields [59, 60].”
ResultFamilial and Social Stressors Among Jordanian Midwives Amid the COVID-19 Crisis
Alnuaimi, K., & Alshraifeen, A. (2023) · SAGE Open · doi:10.1177/21582440231189995 · Cited by 1
“Despite that, any kind of supportive discussions and the use of clear guidance and recommendations always aim to minimize anxiety levels and reduce misinformation (Adams & Walls, 2020).”
BackgroundFactors Affecting the Resilience of Iranian Nurses During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Aghamohammadi, F., Saed, O., & Dinmohammadi, M. (2023) · Journal of Client-centered Nursing Care · doi:10.32598/jccnc.9.3.451 · Cited by 1
“…in the linear regression analysis, studies have shown that healthcare workers with rotational or irregular work schedules are more likely to develop psychological problems, and as a result, their resiliency may be compromised (Adams & Walls, 2020; Lee et al., 2017; Luceño-Moreno et al., 2020).”
Second-Victim-Traumatisierungen – Auswirkungen auf Behandelnde und Patienten
Rösner, H., Raspe, M., & Strametz, R. (2023) · OP-Management up2date · doi:10.1055/a-2036-9769 · Cited by 1
“Auch die aktuelle Situation der SARS-CoV-2-Pandemie und die damit verbundene Ausnahmesituation in den Behandlungseinrichtungen können als unvorhergesehener Zwischenfall angesehen werden [31, 32] und bedeuten ein erhöhtes Risiko für Second-Victim-Traumatisierungen: Die intensiven und komplexen Isolationssowie Behandlun…”
BackgroundCovid-19 Geçirmiş Hekimlerin Deneyimleri Üzerine Bir Araştırma
Güngör, S., & Filiz, M. (2023) · Abant Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi · doi:10.11616/asbi.1216363 · Cited by 1
Sayed, A., Ahmed, M., Sayed, I. E., Soliman, S., Ali, K., Elsherbiney, S., Shahib, A., & Fares, S. (2023) · Middle East Current Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s43045-023-00302-8 · Cited by 1
“%) reported that their feeling of burnout has been increased after the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 [37].”
Wanjari, M., Late, S., Kothe, A., Alnewar, P., Munjewar, P. K., Kantode, V., Sharma, R., Singh, S., Gawai, J., Taksande, V., et al. (2022) · Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology · doi:10.22207/jpam.16.spl1.03 · Cited by 1
Harris, M., Connolly, T., Thoe, L., Kinniburgh, J., Speary, R., & France, T. (2022) · Nursing · doi:10.1097/01.nurse.0000884548.26594.fd · Cited by 1
Nursing personnel management during COVID-19 pandemic: An exemption trend in view of health reasons
Sharma, S., Dhaliwal, N., Bhadada, S. K., Kumar, A., Sangat, S. K., & Pandey, N. (2022) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2022.961308 · Cited by 1
“It is not possible to entirely eliminate risks, but prudent adjustments may be warranted (5).”
BackgroundValera-Hernández, M. F., Arenas-Pérez, L., Fernandez-Capriles, I., Omaña-Paipilla, F., Palencia-Sánchez, F., & Cadena-Camargo, Y. (2022) · Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine · doi:10.1097/jom.0000000000002717 · Cited by 1
“It is worth mentioning that there is a lack of information con- cerning the HSW.”
BackgroundInfluentialSingh, N., Mohapatra, I., Singh, S., Srivastava, V., & Mishra, K. (2022) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.30188 · Cited by 1
“The administration needs to ensure the care of healthcare workers’ family members to enhance workforce confidence and availability [12].”
BackgroundPost-Covid Workplace Scenario – Employer and Employee Health and Safety
Sivaprakash, P., & Akshaya, A. (2022) · International Journal of Occupational Safety and Health · doi:10.3126/ijosh.v12i4.42225 · Cited by 1
COVID-19 Worldwide: Strategies to reduce risk for frontline healthcare workers
Zhou, Z. (2022) · Highlights in Science Engineering and Technology · doi:10.54097/hset.v8i.1186 · Cited by 1
“(Adams & Walls,2020).”
Deka, S. K., Borah, L., & Sarmah, R. (2022) · Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research · doi:10.22159/ajpcr.2022.v15i8.44928 · Cited by 1
Survey on the Effects of Work in Covid-19 Clinics on Anxiety-Depression and Family-Work Conflicts
Şişman, H., Gökçe, E., Akpolat, R., Alptekin, D., Gezer, D., & Arslan, S. (2022) · Journal of Family Issues · doi:10.1177/0192513x221115184 · Cited by 3
“Covid-19 has many adverse effects on healthcare personnel, including the patient burden and risk of infection transmission, and can strain the healthcare system (Adams and Walls., 2020).”
How Does the COVID-19 Pandemic Affect Nursing Students’ Career Choices? A Quantitative Study
Sözer, G. A., Işik, R. D., & Karazeybek, E. (2022) · Acibadem Universitesi Saglik Bilimleri Dergisi · doi:10.31067/acusaglik.1006659 · Cited by 1
Perceived Stress and Perceived Vulnerability at Healthcare Workers during Covid-19 Pandemic
GÖKKAYA, B., YAZICI, T. N., & Kargül, B. (2022) · Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences · doi:10.33808/clinexphealthsci.971161 · Cited by 2
Yanik, T. Ç., & Uğraş, G. A. (2022) · Ankara Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi · doi:10.46971/ausbid.1126638 · Cited by 1
Ibnshamsah, S. F., & sharqi, O. Z. A. (2022) · Global Journal of Health Science · doi:10.5539/gjhs.v14n7p36 · Cited by 1
Ocampo, R. O. (2022) · Asian Journal of Education and Social Studies · doi:10.9734/ajess/2022/v29i230696 · Cited by 1
“The world was alarmed with the occurrence of a pneumonia related disease which originated in Wuhan , China [1-14] .”
BackgroundMicheli, G. D., Marton, G., Mazzoni, D., & Vergani, L. (2022) · Behavioral Science · doi:10.3390/bs12060189 · Cited by 1
“These results are in line with literature findings: healthcare providers faced many adversities such as limited resources, longer shifts, and an unaligned work–life balance [41].”
ResultUpadhyay, K., & Bajpai, S. (2022) · IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environment · doi:10.1088/1755-1315/1032/1/012029 · Cited by 1
The third ethical commentary to COVID-19 (two years later) — vaccination, solidarity, and trust
Kubar, O., Mikirtichan, G., Vladimirova, E., Taghi-zade, T. G., Mamedova, F., Gadgieva, U. K., Davtyan, S., Mavsisyan, F. M., Tilekeeva, U., Gramma, R., et al. (2022) · Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity · doi:10.15789/2220-7619-thc-1875 · Cited by 1
“Just-in-Time” COVID-19 Education
Joseph, L., Therady, A. M., Rahman, A. A., & Varghese, R. M. (2022) · Journal for Nurses in Professional Development · doi:10.1097/nnd.0000000000000905 · Cited by 1
“In addition, 100% of the participants reported significant emotional distress and expressed their need to build resilience concurrent with the global reports of nurses ’ emotional distress related to the pandemic (Adams & Walls, 2020; Chen et al., 2020; Galanis et al., 2021).”
BackgroundKoçakoğlu, Ş., ÇADIRCI, D., TERZİ, N. K., & Ayazöz, Y. (2022) · Eurasian Journal of Family Medicine · doi:10.33880/ejfm.2022110102 · Cited by 1
“15 transmission to health workers increased the concerns of hospital personnel (30,31).”
BackgroundOosthuizen, S. J., Bergh, A., Silver, A., Malatji, R., Mfolo, V., & Botha, T. (2022) · South African Family Practice · doi:10.4102/safp.v64i1.5359 · Cited by 1
Metadata
- Authors
- Adams, J. G., & Walls, R. M.
- Affiliations
- Northwestern University (US)
- Brigham and Women's Hospital (US)
- Corresponding author
- Adams, James G.
- ORCID
- Adams, James G.
- Venue
- JAMA
- Publisher
- American Medical Association (AMA)
- Published
- 2020-04-21
- Volume
- 323
- Issue
- 15
- Pages
- 1439
- ISSN
- 0002-9955 (ISSN-L)
- 0098-7484
- OpenAlex
- W3010574983
- Cited by
- 1,498
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 18 · 2025: 41 · 2024: 79 · 2023: 142 · 2022: 265 · 2021: 420 · 2020: 526
- FWCI
- 353.03
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- JAMA (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Healthcare Systems and Challenges
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Infection Control and Ventilation
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Infection Control in Healthcare
- Keywords
- COVID-19 pandemic, SARS-CoV-2, healthcare workers, occupational exposure, infection control, personal protective equipment, family exposure
- MeSH terms
- Betacoronavirus, Workforce, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Health Personnel, Humans, Pneumonia, Viral, Infectious Disease Transmission, Patient-to-Professional, Coronavirus Infections, Disease Transmission, Infectious, Pandemics
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