Cited by 497Coffee research and impactsPharmacogenetics and Drug MetabolismGenetic Associations and Epidemiology

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Coffee, CYP1A2 Genotype, and Risk of Myocardial Infarction

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Cornelis, Marilyn C., El-Sohemy, Ahmed, Kabagambe, Edmond K., Campos, Hannia·2006·JAMA

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Abstract

CONTEXT: The association between coffee intake and risk of myocardial infarction (MI) remains controversial. Coffee is a major source of caffeine, which is metabolized by the polymorphic cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) enzyme. Individuals who are homozygous for the CYP1A2*1A allele are "rapid" caffeine metabolizers, whereas carriers of the variant CYP1A2*1F are "slow" caffeine metabolizers. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether CYP1A2 genotype modifies the association between coffee consumption and risk of acute nonfatal MI. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Cases (n = 2014) with a first acute nonfatal MI and population-based controls (n = 2014) living in Costa Rica between 1994 and 2004, matched for age, sex, and area of residence, were genotyped by restriction fragment-length polymorphism polymerase chain reaction. A food frequency questionnaire was used to assess the intake of caffeinated coffee. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Relative risk of nonfatal MI associated with coffee intake, calculated using unconditional logistic regression. RESULTS: Fifty-five percent of cases (n = 1114) and 54% of controls (n = 1082) were carriers of the slow *1F allele. For carriers of the slow *1F allele, the multivariate-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of nonfatal MI associated with consuming less than 1, 1, 2 to 3, and 4 or more cups of coffee per day were 1.00 (reference), 0.99 (0.69-1.44), 1.36 (1.01-1.83), and 1.64 (1.14-2.34), respectively. Corresponding ORs (95% CIs) for individuals with the rapid *1A/*1A genotype were 1.00, 0.75 (0.51-1.12), 0.78 (0.56-1.09), and 0.99 (0.66-1.48) (P = .04 for gene x coffee interaction). For individuals younger than the median age of 59 years, the ORs (95% CIs) associated with consuming less than 1, 1, 2 to 3, or 4 or more cups of coffee per day were 1.00, 1.24 (0.71-2.18), 1.67 (1.08-2.60), and 2.33 (1.39-3.89), respectively, among carriers of the *1F allele. The corresponding ORs (95% CIs) for those with the *1A/*1A genotype were 1.00, 0.48 (0.26-0.87), 0.57 (0.35-0.95), and 0.83 (0.46-1.51). CONCLUSION: Intake of coffee was associated with an increased risk of nonfatal MI only among individuals with slow caffeine metabolism, suggesting that caffeine plays a role in this association.

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Authors: Cornelis, M. C., El-Sohemy, A., Kabagambe, E. K., & Campos, H.
Affiliations: University of Toronto (CA)
Harvard University (US)
ORCID: Cornelis, Marilyn C.
Kabagambe, Edmond K.
Campos, Hannia
Venue: JAMA
Publisher: American Medical Association (AMA)
Published: 2006-03-08
Volume: 295
Issue: 10
Pages: 1135
ISSN: 0002-9955 (ISSN-L)
0098-7484
DOI: 10.1001/jama.295.10.1135
OpenAlex: W1972508135
Cited by: 490
References: 52
Citations by year: 2026: 22 · 2025: 26 · 2024: 26 · 2023: 21 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 21 · 2020: 24 · 2019: 24 · 2018: 30 · 2017: 30 · 2016: 21 · 2015: 22 · 2014: 28 · 2013: 22 · 2012: 24
FWCI: 16.50
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
jamanetwork.com
Licence: other-oa
Locations: JAMA (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Investigative News in Education (Universidad de Costa Rica) (submittedVersion)
Funders: Harvard University
Universidad de Costa Rica
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (HL 60692, HL 071888, R01HL071888, R01HL060692)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology (medical) › Coffee research and impacts
Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Pharmacology › Pharmacogenetics and Drug Metabolism
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic Associations and Epidemiology
Keywords: coffee consumption, myocardial infarction, caffeine metabolism, gene-environment interaction, cardiovascular risk, Costa Rica, young adults, hormone replacement therapy
MeSH terms: Aged, Catchment Area, Health, Coffee, Costa Rica, Female, Genotype, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Myocardial Infarction, Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length, Risk Factors, Logistic Models, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2, Amino Acid Substitution

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Coffee, CYP1A2 Genotype, and Risk of Myocardial Infarction

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