Association between High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Levels and Adverse Cardiovascular Outcomes in High-Risk Populations

Liu, Chang; Dhindsa, Devinder; Almuwaqqat, Zakaria; Ko, Yi-An; Mehta, Anurag; Alkhoder, Ayman A.; Alras, Zahran; Desai, Shivang Rajan; Patel, Krishan Jignesh; Hooda, Ananya; Wehbe, Mohamad; Sperling, Laurence S.; Sun, Yan V.; Quyyumi, Arshed A.

doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2022.0912

Cited by 255Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular HealthParaoxonase enzyme and polymorphismsCholesterol and Lipid Metabolism

Association between High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Levels and Adverse Cardiovascular Outcomes in High-Risk Populations

Open access

Liu, Chang, Dhindsa, Devinder, Almuwaqqat, Zakaria, Ko, Yi-An, Mehta, Anurag, Alkhoder, Ayman A., Alras, Zahran, Desai, Shivang Rajan +6 more·2022·JAMA Cardiology

DOI 10.1001/jamacardio.2022.0912PMC PMC9118072

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Importance: Previous studies have shown lower cardiovascular risk with higher high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels. However, recent data in the general population have shown increased risk of adverse outcomes at very high HDL-C concentrations. Objective: To study the association between very high HDL-C levels (>80 mg/dL) and mortality in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and to investigate the association of known HDL-C genotypes with high HDL-C level outcomes. Design, Setting, and Participants: This prospective, multicenter, cohort study, conducted from 2006 to present in the UK and from 2003 to present in Atlanta, Georgia, recruited patients with CAD from the UK Biobank (UKB) and the Emory Cardiovascular Biobank (EmCAB), respectively. Patients without confirmed CAD were excluded from the study. Data analyses were conducted from May 10, 2020, to April 28, 2021. Exposure: High HDL-C levels (>80 mg/dL). Main Outcomes and Measures: The primary outcome was all-cause death. The secondary outcome was cardiovascular death. Results: A total of 14 478 participants (mean [SD] age, 62.1 [5.8] years; 11 034 men [76.2%]) from the UKB and 5467 participants (mean [SD] age, 63.8 [12.3] years; 3632 men [66.4%]) from the EmCAB were included in the study. Over a median follow-up of 8.9 (IQR, 8.0-9.7) years in the UKB and 6.7 (IQR, 4.0-10.8) years in the EmCAB, a U-shaped association with outcomes was observed with higher risk in those with both low and very high HDL-C levels compared with those with midrange values. Very high HDL-C levels (>80 mg/dL) were associated with increased risk of all-cause death (hazard ratio [HR], 1.96; 95% CI, 1.42-2.71; P < .001) and cardiovascular death (HR, 1.71; 95% CI, 1.09-2.68; P = .02) compared with those with HDL-C levels in the range of 40 to 60 mg/dL in the UKB after adjustment for confounding factors. These results were replicated in the EmCAB. These associations persisted after adjustment for the HDL-C genetic risk score within the UKB. Sensitivity analyses demonstrated that the risk of all-cause mortality in the very high HDL-C group was higher among men than women in the UKB (HR, 2.63; 95% CI, 1.75-3.95; P < .001 vs HR, 1.39; 95% CI, 0.82-2.35; P = .23). Conclusions and Relevance: Results of this cohort study suggest that very high HDL-C levels are paradoxically associated with higher mortality risk in individuals with CAD. This association was independent of the common polymorphisms associated with high HDL-C levels.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1001/jamacardio.2022.0912

Cites

26 of 26 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

We couldn’t retrieve this paper’s full text, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

HDL-C plays an anti-atherosclerotic role, and increased serum HDL-C concentrations are strongly inversely related to the risk of atherosclerotic CVD.
“HDL-C is well known to play an anti-atherosclerotic role by protecting against the development of CVD; indeed, increased serum concentrations of HDL-C are strongly inversely related to the risk of atherosclerotic CVD [6,7].”
From Olive Oil Polyphenols Improve HDL Cholesterol and Promote Maintenance of Lipid Metabolism: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials (2023) · cites this paper as [7]

Magnesium Replacement Improves the Metabolic Profile in Obese and Pre-Diabetic Patients with Mild-to-Moderate Chronic Kidney Disease: A 3-Month, Randomised, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study
Toprak, Ö., Kurt, H., Sarı, Y., Şarkış, C., Us, H., & Kırık, A. (2017) · Kidney & Blood Pressure Research · doi:10.1159/000468530 · Cited by 29,769 · see citing works
A New Equation to Estimate Glomerular Filtration Rate
Levey, A. S., Stevens, L. A., Schmid, C. H., Zhang, Y. (., Castro, A. F., Feldman, H. I., Kusek, J. W., Eggers, P., Van Lente, F., Greene, T., et al. (2009) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-150-9-200905050-00006 · Cited by 25,603 · see citing works
A Proportional Hazards Model for the Subdistribution of a Competing Risk
Fine, J. P., & Gray, R. J. (1999) · Journal of the American Statistical Association · doi:10.1080/01621459.1999.10474144 · Cited by 14,290 · see citing works
UK Biobank: An Open Access Resource for Identifying the Causes of a Wide Range of Complex Diseases of Middle and Old Age
Sudlow, C., Gallacher, J., Allen, N., Beral, V., Burton, P., Danesh, J., Downey, P., Elliott, P., Green, J., Landray, M., et al. (2015) · PLOS Medicine · doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1001779 · Cited by 12,728 · see citing works
The UK Biobank resource with deep phenotyping and genomic data
Bycroft, C., Freeman, C., Petkova, D., Band, G., Elliott, L. T., Sharp, K., Motyer, A., Vukcevic, D., Delaneau, O., O’Connell, J., et al. (2018) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-018-0579-z · Cited by 8,876 · see citing works
High density lipoprotein as a protective factor against coronary heart disease
Gordon, T., Castelli, W. P., Hjortland, M. C., Kannel, W. B., & Dawber, T. R. (1977) · The American Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1016/0002-9343(77)90874-9 · Cited by 5,059 · see citing works
International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems
(2010) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-0-387-79948-3_3055 · Cited by 4,181 · see citing works
Effects of torcetrapib in patients at high risk for coronary events
Barter, P. J., Caulfield, M., Eriksson, M., Grundy, S. M., Kastelein, J. J. P., Komajda, M., Lopez-Sendon, J., Mosca, L., Tardif, J.-C., Waters, D. D., et al. (2007) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa0706628 · Cited by 3,139 · see citing works
Niacin in Patients with Low HDL Cholesterol Levels Receiving Intensive Statin Therapy
The AIM-HIGH Investigators (2011) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1107579 · Cited by 2,911 · see citing works
Effects of dalcetrapib in patients with a recent acute coronary syndrome
Schwartz, G. G., Olsson, A. G., Abt, M., Ballantyne, C. M., Barter, P. J., Brumm, J., Chaitman, B. R., Holme, I. M., Kallend, D., Leiter, L. A., et al. (2012) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1206797 · Cited by 2,022 · see citing works
Effects of extended-release niacin with laropiprant in high-risk patients
The HPS2-THRIVE Collaborative Group (2014) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1300955 · Cited by 1,668 · see citing works
Effects of anacetrapib in patients with atherosclerotic vascular disease
The HPS3/TIMI55–REVEAL Collaborative Group (2017) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1706444 · Cited by 1,047 · see citing works
Evacetrapib and cardiovascular outcomes in high-risk vascular disease
Lincoff, A. M., Nicholls, S. J., Riesmeyer, J. S., Barter, P. J., Brewer, H. B., Fox, K. A. A., Gibson, C. M., Granger, C., Menon, V., Montalescot, G., et al. (2017) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1609581 · Cited by 801 · see citing works
Mendelian randomization of blood lipids for coronary heart disease
Holmes, M. V., Asselbergs, F. W., Palmer, T. M., Drenos, F., Lanktree, M. B., Nelson, C. P., Dale, C. E., Padmanabhan, S., Finan, C., Swerdlow, D. I., et al. (2015) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/eht571 · Cited by 748 · see citing works
Extreme high high-density lipoprotein cholesterol is paradoxically associated with high mortality in men and women: two prospective cohort studies
Madsen, C. M., Varbo, A., & Nordestgaard, B. G. (2017) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehx163 · Cited by 715 · see citing works
HDL and cardiovascular disease: atherogenic and atheroprotective mechanisms
Navab, M., Reddy, S. T., Lenten, B. J. V., & Fogelman, A. M. (2011) · Nature Reviews Cardiology · doi:10.1038/nrcardio.2010.222 · Cited by 656 · see citing works
High density lipoprotein cholesterol and mortality. The Framingham Heart Study.
Wilson, P. W. F., Abbott, R. D., & Castelli, W. P. (1988) · Arteriosclerosis An Official Journal of the American Heart Association Inc · doi:10.1161/01.atv.8.6.737 · Cited by 644 · see citing works
Genetics of blood lipids among ~300,000 multi-ethnic participants of the Million Veteran Program
Klarin, D. M., Program, T. V. M. V., Damrauer, S. M., Cho, K., Sun, Y. V., Teslovich, T. M., Honerlaw, J. P., GAGNON, D. R., DuVall, S. L., Li, J., et al. (2018) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/s41588-018-0222-9 · Cited by 594 · see citing works
Self-citation
Isolated Low HDL Cholesterol As a Risk Factor for Coronary Heart Disease Mortality
Goldbourt, U., Yaari, S., & Medalie, J. H. (1997) · Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology · doi:10.1161/01.atv.17.1.107 · Cited by 390 · see citing works
High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol and Cause-Specific Mortality in Individuals Without Previous Cardiovascular Conditions
Ko, D. T., Alter, D. A., Guo, H., Koh, M., Lau, G., Austin, P. C., Booth, G. L., Hogg, W. E., Jackevicius, C. A., Lee, D. S., et al. (2016) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2016.08.038 · Cited by 340 · see citing works
smoothHR: An R Package for Pointwise Nonparametric Estimation of Hazard Ratio Curves of Continuous Predictors
Meira‐Machado, L., Cadarso-Suárez, C., Gudé, F., & Araújo, A. (2013) · Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine · doi:10.1155/2013/745742 · Cited by 150 · see citing works
Very High High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Levels and Cardiovascular Mortality
Liu, C., Dhindsa, D. S., Almuwaqqat, Z., Sun, Y. V., & Quyyumi, A. A. (2022) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2021.11.041 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Self-citation
C-reactive protein, insulin resistance and risk of cardiovascular disease: a population-based study
Jeppesen, J., Hansen, T. W., Olsen, M. H., Rasmussen, S. L., lbsen, H., Torp-Pedersen, C. T., Hildebrandt, P. R., & Madsbad, S. (2008) · European Journal of Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation · doi:10.1097/hjr.0b013e328308bb8b · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Sexual Differences in Genetic Predisposition of Coronary Artery Disease
Huang, Y., Hui, Q., GWINN, M. L., Hu, Y., Quyyumi, A. A., Vaccarino, V., & Sun, Y. V. (2020) · Circulation Genomic and Precision Medicine · doi:10.1161/circgen.120.003147 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Self-citation
Association between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and all-cause mortality in the general population of northern China
Li, X., Guan, B., Wang, Y., Tse, G., Zou, F., Waleed, K. B., Xia, Y., Wu, S., & Sun, J. (2019) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-019-50924-4 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Cohort profile: the Emory Cardiovascular Biobank (EmCAB)
Ko, Y., Hayek, S. S., Sandesara, P. B., Tahhan, A. S., & Quyyumi, A. A. (2017) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2017-018753 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Self-citation

Flagged first, then by citations

1 of the 27 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.

Sorted by citations

Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2023 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association
Tsao, C. W., Aday, A. W., Almarzooq, Z. I., Anderson, C. A. M., Arora, P., Avery, C. L., Baker-Smith, C. M., Beaton, A. Z., Boehme, A. K., Buxton, A. E., et al. (2023) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0000000000001123 · Cited by 8,300 · see citing works
Obesity, dyslipidemia, and cardiovascular disease: A joint expert review from the Obesity Medicine Association and the National Lipid Association 2024
Bays, H. E., Kirkpatrick, C. F., Maki, K. C., Toth, P. P., Morgan, R. T., Tondt, J., Christensen, S. M., Dixon, D. L., & Jacobson, T. A. (2024) · Journal of clinical lipidology · doi:10.1016/j.jacl.2024.04.001 · Cited by 190 · see citing works
High HDL (High-Density Lipoprotein) Cholesterol Increases Cardiovascular Risk in Hypertensive Patients
Trimarco, V., Izzo, R., Morisco, C., Mone, P., Manzi, M. V., Falco, A., Pacella, D., Gallo, P., Lembo, M., Santulli, G., et al. (2022) · Hypertension · doi:10.1161/hypertensionaha.122.19912 · Cited by 130 · see citing works
Obesity, dyslipidemia, and cardiovascular disease: A joint expert review from the Obesity Medicine Association and the National Lipid Association 2024
Bays, H. E., Kirkpatrick, C. F., Maki, K. C., Toth, P. P., Morgan, R. T., Tondt, J., Christensen, S. M., Dixon, D. L., & Jacobson, T. A. (2024) · Obesity Pillars · doi:10.1016/j.obpill.2024.100108 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
Association of Plasma High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Level With Risk of Fractures in Healthy Older Adults
Hussain, S. M., Ebeling, P. R., Barker, A. L., Beilin, L. J., Tonkin, A. M., & McNeil, J. J. (2023) · JAMA Cardiology · doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2022.5124 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Long-Term Body Mass Index Variability and Adverse Cardiovascular Outcomes
Almuwaqqat, Z., Hui, Q., Liu, C., Zhou, J. J., Voight, B. F., Ho, Y.-L. A., Posner, D. C., Vassy, J. L., Gaziano, J. M., Cho, K., et al. (2024) · JAMA Network Open · doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.3062 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Self-citation
Association of plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level with risk of incident dementia: a cohort study of healthy older adults
Hussain, S. M., Robb, C. E., Tonkin, A. M., Lacaze, P. A., Chong, T. T. ‐., Beilin, L. J., Yu, C., Watts, G. F., Ryan, J. L., Ernst, M. E., et al. (2023) · The Lancet Regional Health - Western Pacific · doi:10.1016/j.lanwpc.2023.100963 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Nonlinear relationship between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and cardiovascular disease: an observational and Mendelian randomization analysis
Chen, J., Li, Y., Zhang, Y., Wang, Y., Zhou, Y., Geng, T., Liu, G., Pan, A., & Liao, Y.-F. (2024) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2024.155817 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
High-density lipoprotein cholesterol level and risk of muscle strength decline and sarcopenia in older adults
Hua, N., Qin, C., Wu, F., Wang, A., Chen, J., & Zhang, Q. (2024) · Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2024.08.017 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Does Elevated High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Protect Against Cardiovascular Disease?
Razavi, A. C., Jain, V., Grandhi, G. R., Patel, P., Karagiannis, A. D., Patel, N. H., Dhindsa, D. S., Liu, C., Desai, S., Almuwaqqat, Z., et al. (2023) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/clinem/dgad406 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Self-citation
Obicetrapib—the Rebirth of CETP Inhibitors?
Chang, B. J., Laffin, L. J., Sarraju, A., & Nissen, S. E. (2024) · Current Atherosclerosis Reports · doi:10.1007/s11883-024-01231-5 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol in Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk Assessment: Exploring and Explaining the “U”-Shaped Curve
Razavi, A., Mehta, A., Jain, V., Patel, P., Liu, C., Patel, N., Eisenberg, S. D., Vaccarino, V., Isiadinso, I., Sperling, L. S., et al. (2023) · Current Cardiology Reports · doi:10.1007/s11886-023-01987-3 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Self-citation
High-Density Lipoprotein Alterations in Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity
Denimal, D., Monier, S., Bouillet, B., Vergès, B. L., & Duvillard, L. (2023) · Metabolites · doi:10.3390/metabo13020253 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
The ASPREE Healthy Ageing Biobank: Methodology and participant characteristics
Parker, E. J., Orchard, S. G., Gilbert, T., Phung, J., Owen, A. J., Lockett, T. J., Nelson, M. R., Reid, C. M., Tonkin, A. M., Abhayaratna, W. P., et al. (2024) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0294743 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Exposome-Wide Ranking to Uncover Environmental Chemicals Associated with Dyslipidemia: A Panel Study in Healthy Older Chinese Adults from the BAPE Study
Ding, E., Deng, F., Fang, J., Liu, J., Yan, W., Yao, Q., Miao, K., Wang, Y., Sun, P., Li, C., et al. (2024) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp13864 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
HOMA-IR and TyG index differ for their relationship with dietary, anthropometric, inflammatory factors and capacity to predict cardiovascular risk
Sergi, D., Spaggiari, R., Nora, E. D., Angelini, S., Castaldo, F., Omenetto, A., Stifani, G., Sanz, J. M., & Passaro, A. (2025) · Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice · doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2025.112103 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
High-Density Lipoprotein Metabolism and Function in Cardiovascular Diseases: What about Aging and Diet Effects?
Morvaridzadeh, M., Zoubdane, N., Heshmati, J., Alami, M., Berrougui, H., & Khalil, A. (2024) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu16050653 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
High‐density lipoprotein in diabetes: Structural and functional relevance
Lui, D. T. W., & Tan, K. C. B. (2024) · Journal of Diabetes Investigation · doi:10.1111/jdi.14172 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Olive Oil Polyphenols Improve HDL Cholesterol and Promote Maintenance of Lipid Metabolism: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Zupo, R., Castellana, F., Crupi, P., Desantis, A., Rondanelli, M., Corbo, F., & Clodoveo, M. L. (2023) · Metabolites · doi:10.3390/metabo13121187 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
“HDL-C is well known to play an anti-atherosclerotic role by protecting against the development of CVD; indeed, increased serum concentrations of HDL-C are strongly inversely related to the risk of atherosclerotic CVD [6,7].”
Background
Evolution of More Aggressive LDL-Cholesterol Targets and Therapies for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention
Jones, J. E., Tang, K. S., Barseghian, A., & Wong, N. D. (2023) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm12237432 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
The associations between exercise and lipid biomarkers
Sulague, R. M., Suan, N. M., Mendoza, M. F., & Lavie, C. J. (2022) · Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.pcad.2022.11.004 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Triglycerides and risk of cardiovascular events in statin-treated patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes: a Danish cohort study
Kristensen, F., Christensen, D. H., Mortensen, M. B., Mæng, M., Kahlert, J. A., Sørensen, H. T., & Thomsen, R. W. (2023) · Cardiovascular Diabetology · doi:10.1186/s12933-023-01921-5 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Association between the non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (NHHR) and angina pectoris in US adults: a cross-sectional retrospective study based on NHANES 2009–2018
Cui, Y., & Choi, M. (2024) · Lipids in Health and Disease · doi:10.1186/s12944-024-02343-2 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Associations of Sedentary Time and Physical Activity From Childhood With Lipids: A 13-Year Mediation and Temporal Study
Agbaje, A. O. (2023) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/clinem/dgad688 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Metabolic Disorders and Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
Hyun, H. K., & Cheon, J. H. (2025) · Gut and Liver · doi:10.5009/gnl240316 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Changes in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol with risk of Cardiovascular Disease among initially high-density lipoprotein-high participants
Kim, H. J., Jeong, S., Oh, Y. H., Park, S. J., Cho, Y., & Park, S. M. (2023) · Cardiovascular Diabetology · doi:10.1186/s12933-023-01805-8 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Novel lipid profiles and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk: insights from a latent profile analysis
Wan, H., Wu, H., Yuxi, W., Wang, S., & Ji, Y. (2025) · Lipids in Health and Disease · doi:10.1186/s12944-025-02471-3 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
LDL-cholesterol control in the primary prevention of cardiovascular diseases: An expert opinion for clinicians and health professionals
Poli, A., Catapano, A. L., Corsini, A., Manzato, E., Werba, J. P., Catena, G., Cetin, I., Cicero, A. F. G., Cignarella, A., Colivicchi, F., et al. (2022) · Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.numecd.2022.10.001 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Differences in HDL-related mortality risk between individuals with and without hypertension: a prospective cohort study in UK Biobank
Chen, J., Li, R., Geng, T., Wang, Y., Lu, Q., Tu, Z., Li, Y., Liao, Y.-F., Yang, K., Zhou, L., et al. (2023) · European Journal of Preventive Cardiology · doi:10.1093/eurjpc/zwad053 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Triglyceride levels and its association with all-cause mortality and cardiovascular outcomes among patients with heart failure
Ren, Q.-W., Teng, T. K., Ouwerkerk, W., Tse, Y.-K., Tsang, C. T., Wu, M., Tse, H., Voors, A. A., Tromp, J., Lam, C. S. P., et al. (2025) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-025-56790-1 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
High-density lipoprotein cholesterol and carcinogenesis
Tan, M., Yang, S., & Xu, X. (2023) · Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.tem.2023.02.009 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
The association of HDL-cholesterol levels with incident major adverse cardiovascular events and mortality in 0.6 million individuals with type 2 diabetes: a population-based retrospective cohort study
Lui, D. T. W., Li, L., Liu, X., Xiong, X., Tang, E. H. M., Lee, C., Woo, Y. C., Lang, B. H., Wong, C. K. H., & Tan, K. C. B. (2024) · BMC Medicine · doi:10.1186/s12916-024-03810-4 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Macrophage mediators and mechanisms in cardiovascular disease
Schelemei, P., Wagner, E., Picard, F. S. R., & Winkels, H. (2024) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fj.202302001r · Cited by 21 · see citing works
High-Density Lipoprotein Subclasses and Their Role in the Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease: A Narrative Review
Chen, Q., Abudukeremu, A., Li, K., Zheng, M., Li, H., Huang, T., Huang, C., Wen, K., Wang, Y., & Zhang, Y. (2024) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms25147856 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Hyperuricemia increases the risk of cardiovascular mortality associated with very high HdL-cholesterol level
Palatini, P., Virdis, A., Masi, S., Mengozzi, A., Casiglia, E., Tikhonoff, V., Cicero, A. F. G., Ungar, A., Parati, G., Rivasi, G., et al. (2022) · Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.numecd.2022.11.024 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Increasing lipids with risk of worsening cardiac damage in 1595 adolescents: A 7-year longitudinal and mediation study
Agbaje, A. O. (2023) · Atherosclerosis · doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2023.117440 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Apolipoproteins, lipids, lipid-lowering drugs and risk of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia: a meta-analysis and Mendelian randomisation study
Chalitsios, C. V., Ley, H., Gao, J., Turner, M. R., & Thompson, A. G. (2024) · Journal of Neurology · doi:10.1007/s00415-024-12665-x · Cited by 20 · see citing works
High-Density Lipoproteins Associated with Age-Related Macular Degeneration in the All of Us Research Program
Chen, J., Esko, J. D., Walker, E., Gordts, P. L. S. M., Baxter, S. L., & Toomey, C. B. (2025) · Ophthalmology · doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2024.12.039 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Long-term cardiovascular risk and mortality associated with uric acid to HDL-C ratio: a 20-year cohort study in adults over 40
Cui, Y., & Zhang, W. (2025) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-025-99205-3 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Associations of lipoprotein subclasses with risk of all‐cause and cardiovascular disease mortality in individuals with type 2 diabetes: A prospective cohort study
Li, R., Chen, J., Lu, Q., Geng, T., Xia, P., Wang, Y., Chen, L., Shan, Z., Pan, A., & Liu, G. (2023) · Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism · doi:10.1111/dom.15224 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Effect of red meat consumption on cardiovascular risk factors: A systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
López‐Moreno, M., López‐Gil, J. F., Bravo‐Sànchez, A., Bertotti, G., & Roldán‐Ruiz, A. (2025) · Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2025.09.001 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
BMI modifies HDL-C effects on coronary artery bypass grafting outcomes
Rezaee, M., Fallahzadeh, A., Sheikhy, A., Jameie, M., Behnoush, A. H., Pashang, M., Tajdini, M., Tavolinejad, H., Masoudkabir, F., Mansourian, S., et al. (2022) · Lipids in Health and Disease · doi:10.1186/s12944-022-01739-2 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Anthocyanins in Vascular Health and Disease: Mechanisms of Action and Therapeutic Potential
Zhao, Y., Wang, L., Huang, Y., Evans, P. C., Little, P. J., Tian, X., Weng, J., & Xu, S. (2024) · Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology · doi:10.1097/fjc.0000000000001602 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Exposure to green space, nighttime light, air pollution, and noise and cardiovascular disease risk: A prospective cohort study
Wang, H., Yang, Y., Li, G., Wang, Y., Wu, Y., Shi, L., Zhu, Y., & Li, J. (2024) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125603 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Divergent biological pathways linking short and long sleep durations to mental and physical health
Li, Y., Gong, W., Sahakian, B. J., Huang, S., Zhang, W., Zhao, Y., Ma, L., Naismith, S. L., Yu, J., Jia, T., et al. (2025) · Nature Mental Health · doi:10.1038/s44220-025-00395-6 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Association between extremely high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and adverse cardiovascular outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Zhang, G., Guo, J., Jin, H., Wei, X., Zhu, X., Jia, W., & Huang, Y. (2023) · Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine · doi:10.3389/fcvm.2023.1201107 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
U-shaped association of uric acid to HDL cholesterol ratio (UHR) with ALL-cause and cardiovascular mortality in diabetic patients: NHANES 1999–2018
Huang, X., Hu, L., Li, J., & Wang, X. (2024) · BMC Cardiovascular Disorders · doi:10.1186/s12872-024-04436-3 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Lipid Levels and Risk of Diabetic Polyneuropathy in 2 Danish Type 2 Diabetes Cohorts
Kristensen, F., Christensen, D. H., Callaghan, B. C., Nielsen, J. S., Højlund, K., Andersen, H., Dekkers, O. M., Groenwold, R. H. H., Sørensen, H. T., & Thomsen, R. W. (2024) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.0000000000209538 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
High levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol may increase the risk of diabetic kidney disease in patients with type 2 diabetes
Wang, H., Wu, J., Lin, M., Hu, Y., & Ma, Y. (2024) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-024-66548-2 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Emerging Biomarkers and Determinants of Lipoprotein Profiles to Predict CVD Risk: Implications for Precision Nutrition
Andersen, C. J., & Fernández, M. L. (2024) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu17010042 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Can HDL cholesterol be replaced by paraoxonase 1 activity in the prediction of severe coronary artery disease in patients with type 2 diabetes?
Mahrooz, A., Khosravi-Asrami, O. F., Alizadeh, A., Mohmmadi, N., Bagheri, A., Kashi, Z., Bahar, A., Nosrati, M., & Mackness, M. (2023) · Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.numecd.2023.05.020 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Sex differences in risk factors for incident peripheral artery disease hospitalisation or death: Cohort study of UK Biobank participants
Xu, Y. H., Harris, K., Pouncey, A. L., Carcel, C., Low, G. K. K., Peters, S. A. E., & Woodward, M. (2023) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0292083 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Associations of Triglycerides and Atherogenic Index of Plasma with Brain Structure in the Middle-Aged and Elderly Adults
Chen, X., Bao, Y., Zhao, J., Wang, Z., Gao, Q., Ma, M., Xie, Z., He, M., Deng, X., & Ran, J. (2024) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu16050672 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
ANGPTL3 is a novel HDL component that regulates HDL function
Yang, L., Wang, Y., Xu, Y., Li, K., Yin, R., Zhang, L., Wang, D., Wei, L., Lang, J., Cheng, Y., et al. (2024) · Journal of Translational Medicine · doi:10.1186/s12967-024-05032-x · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Atherogenic dyslipidaemia and residual cardiovascular risk: Understanding the link to heart disease
Girón, G. O., Otero, S., Nikolaou, P., Alcover, S., Ramos-Regalado, L., Zaragoza, C., Liberale, L., Borrell-Pagés, M., Padró, T., Suades, R., et al. (2026) · European Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1111/eci.70167 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Effects of a multicomponent training followed by a detraining period on metabolic syndrome profile of older adults
Subías-Perié, J., Navarrete‐Villanueva, D., Fernández‐García, Á. I., Moradell, A., Lozano‐Berges, G., Gesteiro, E., Pérez‐Gómez, J., Ara, I., Gómez‐Cabello, A., Vicente‐Rodríguez, G., et al. (2024) · Experimental Gerontology · doi:10.1016/j.exger.2024.112363 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
The effect of Ba Duan Jin exercise intervention on cardiovascular disease: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Chen, J., Zhang, M., Wang, Y., Zhang, Z., Gao, S., & Zhang, Y. (2024) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2024.1425843 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
The association between HDL-c levels and computed tomography-based osteosarcopenia in older adults
Wang, R., Wang, Y., Wei, Z., Wang, J., Tang, H., Gao, X., Wang, J., Zhang, C., & Chen, X. (2024) · BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders · doi:10.1186/s12891-024-08059-9 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Very high HDL-C levels are associated with higher mortality in patients with CAD
Fernández-Ruíz, I. (2022) · Nature Reviews Cardiology · doi:10.1038/s41569-022-00743-4 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Phosphorylated proteomics-based analysis of the effects of semaglutide on hippocampi of high-fat diet-induced-obese mice
Chen, X., Ma, L., Gan, K., Pan, X., & Chen, S. (2023) · Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome · doi:10.1186/s13098-023-01023-y · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Safety and efficacy of moderate-intensity statin plus ezetimibe versus high-intensity statin monotherapy in patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: A meta-analysis
Kelly, F. A., de Moraes, F. C. A., Lôbo, A. D. O. M., Morbach, V., Leite, M. G. H. S. J., de Almeida, A. M., & Consolim‐Colombo, F. M. (2024) · Journal of clinical lipidology · doi:10.1016/j.jacl.2024.07.013 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Extremely high HDL cholesterol paradoxically increases the risk of all-cause mortality in non-diabetic males from the Korean population: Korean genome and epidemiology study-health examinees (KoGES-HEXA) cohorts
Ryu, H. E., Jung, D., Heo, S.-J., Park, B., & Lee, Y. J. (2025) · Frontiers in Medicine · doi:10.3389/fmed.2025.1534524 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Changes in cardiovascular risk factors among children and young adults with type 1 diabetes during the COVID ‐19 pandemic compared to previous years—Results from the German DPV registry
Eckert, A. J., Linke, S., Schwab, K., Berge, T. V. D., Schönaü, E., Duran, İ., Dost, A., Joisten, C., Bartelt, H., Braune, K., et al. (2023) · Journal of Diabetes · doi:10.1111/1753-0407.13340 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Higher HDL cholesterol levels are associated with increased markers of interstitial myocardial fibrosis in the MultiEthnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA)
Chehab, O., Akl, E., Abdollahi, A., Zeitoun, R., Ambale‐Venkatesh, B., Wu, C. O., Tracy, R. P., Blumenthal, R. S., Post, W. S., Lima, J. A. C., et al. (2023) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-023-46811-8 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Very low HDL levels: clinical assessment and management
Bonilha, I., Luchiari, B., Nadruz, W., & Sposito, A. (2023) · Archives of Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.20945/2359-3997000000585 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Associations between neighborhood socioeconomic deprivation, IFNγ, and high-density lipoprotein particle size: Data from the Washington, D.C. cardiovascular health and needs assessment
Ortiz-Whittingham, L. R., Baumer, Y., Pang, A. P. S., Sampson, M. L., Baez, A. S., Rose, R., Noonan, S. B., Mendez-Silva, J., Collins, B. S., Mitchell, V. M., et al. (2023) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2023.106346 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Sex-Specific Relationships between HDL-Cholesterol Levels and 10-Year Mortality in Individuals with Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease: A Nationwide Cohort Study of South Koreans
Yang, H. S., Jeong, H. J., Kim, H., Lee, S., & Hur, M. (2023) · Metabolites · doi:10.3390/metabo13121175 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
SGLT2 inhibition, high-density lipoprotein, and kidney function: a mendelian randomization study
Wang, Z., Wei, J., Zhao, W., Shi, R., Zhu, Y., Li, X., & Wang, D. (2024) · Lipids in Health and Disease · doi:10.1186/s12944-024-02072-6 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
High ADMA Is Associated with Worse Health Profile in Heart Failure Patients Hospitalized for Episodes of Acute Decompensation
Vîlcea, A., Borta, S. M., Popețiu, R. O., Rus, L. A., Pilat, L., Nica, D. V., & Pușchiță, M. (2024) · Medicina · doi:10.3390/medicina60050813 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Blood Lipids, Lipoproteins, and Apolipoproteins With Risk of Coronary Heart Disease: A Prospective Study Among Racially Diverse Populations
Deng, K., Pan, X., Voehler, M., Cai, Q., Cai, H., Shu, X., Gupta, D. K., Lipworth, L. P., Zheng, W., & Yu, D. (2024) · Journal of the American Heart Association · doi:10.1161/jaha.124.034364 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Monocyte to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio predicts restenosis of drug-eluting stents in patients with unstable angina pectoris
Meng, H., Zhou, X., Li, L., Liu, Y., Liu, Y., & Zhang, Y. (2024) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-024-81818-9 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Triglyceride/high density lipoprotein cholesterol index and future cardiovascular events in diabetic patients without known cardiovascular disease
Nakashima, R., Ikeda, S., Shinohara, K., Matsumoto, S., Yoshida, D., Ono, Y., Nakashima, H., Miyamoto, R., Matsushima, S., Kishimoto, J., et al. (2025) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-025-92933-6 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Diabetes and Lipids: A Review and Update on Lipid Biomarkers and Cardiovascular Risk
Tsushima, Y., & Hatipoğlu, B. (2025) · Endocrine Practice · doi:10.1016/j.eprac.2025.03.011 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Atherogenic dyslipidemia and incident cardiovascular events in high-risk hypertension
Kazibwe, R., Jehopio, J., Schaich, C. L., Rikhi, R. R., Mirzai, S., Chevli, P. A., Namutebi, J. H., Chebrolu, S., O'Connor, S., Yeboah, J., et al. (2025) · Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.pcad.2025.05.006 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Association of sex hormone-binding globulin and dyslipidemia with Japanese postmenopausal women: a cross-sectional study
Ichikawa, T., Okada, H., Hamaguchi, M., Hara, M., Takashima, N., Suzuki, S., Tanoue, S., Kato, Y., Nagayoshi, M., Tamura, T., et al. (2025) · Lipids in Health and Disease · doi:10.1186/s12944-025-02634-2 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
High-density lipoproteins, Part 1. Epidemiology, antiatherogenic effects, and therapies designed to increase their serum levels
Franczyk, B., Młynarska, E., Rysz-Górzyńska, M., Gluba-Brzózka, A., Rysz, J., Sheth, S., Surma, S., Banach, M., & Toth, P. P. (2025) · American Journal of Preventive Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.ajpc.2025.101068 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Appraising associations between signature lipidomic biomarkers and digestive system cancer risk: novel evidences from a prospective cohort study of UK Biobank and Mendelian randomization analyses
Sun, Y., Cao, D.-H., Zhang, Y., Wu, Y.-H., Jia, Z.-F., Cui, Y., Li, D., Cao, X.-Y., & Jiang, J. (2024) · Lipids in Health and Disease · doi:10.1186/s12944-024-02053-9 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Self-citation
Establishment and validation of nomogram model for predicting major adverse cardiac events in patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction based on glycosylated hemoglobin A1c to apolipoprotein A1 ratio: An observational study
Zhang, K., Guo, Q.-C., Mu, N., & Liu, C.-H. (2024) · Medicine · doi:10.1097/md.0000000000038563 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Self-citation
HDL-free cholesterol influx into macrophages and transfer to LDL correlate with HDL-free cholesterol content
Yelamanchili, D., Gillard, B. K., Gotto, A. M., Cainzos‐Achirica, M., Nasir, K., Remaley, A. T., Rosales, C., & Pownall, H. J. (2024) · Journal of Lipid Research · doi:10.1016/j.jlr.2024.100707 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
High Prevalence of the Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome Among US Adults From 1999-2020 - An analysis of the NHANES surveyPreprint
Tian, Z., Soltani, S., Bauersachs, J. K., Schmidt-Ott, K. M., Melk, A., & Schmidt, B. M. W. (2024) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2024.03.04.24303751 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Association of serum Metrnl levels and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional study
Zhou, C., Zeng, J., Gao, X., Chen, D., Zhu, Q., Feng, B., & Song, J. H. (2024) · PeerJ · doi:10.7717/peerj.18264 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
The Effects of Exercise Training on Body Composition and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Khalafi, M., Dinizadeh, F., Rosenkranz, S. K., Symonds, M. E., & Fatolahi, S. (2025) · Healthcare · doi:10.3390/healthcare13030246 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
The non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and its combination with obesity indicators as a predictor of all cause and cardiovascular mortality in non-diabetic individuals
Liang, J., Xie, Y., Li, P., Li, H., Li, P., Huang, Z., Liu, G., Zhong, Y., Li, B., Zhang, J., et al. (2025) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-025-22789-y · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Fasting the mitochondria to prevent neurodegeneration: the role of ceramides
Valenzuela-Ahumada, L. A., Mercado-Gómez, O. F., Viveros-Contreras, R., Guevara‐Guzmán, R., & Camacho‐Morales, A. (2025) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2025.1602149 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
HDL-C: Helpful, harmful, hopeful, or guilty by association
McLean, P., Mathew, D., Chandrasekhar, S. A., Guynn, N., Razavi, A. C., Quyyumi, A. A., Mehta, A., & Sperling, L. S. (2025) · Journal of clinical lipidology · doi:10.1016/j.jacl.2025.09.017 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Self-citation
The pathophysiology of excess plasma-free cholesterol
Gillard, B. K., Rosales, C., Gotto, A. M., & Pownall, H. J. (2023) · Current Opinion in Lipidology · doi:10.1097/mol.0000000000000899 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Association of HDL cholesterol with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in primary hypercholesterolemia
Bea, A. M., González-Guerrero, A., Cenarro, A., Lamíquiz-Moneo, I., Climent, E., Jarauta, E., Gracia‐Rubio, I., Benaiges, D., Laclaustra, M., Tejedor, M. T., et al. (2024) · Atherosclerosis · doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2024.118617 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
HDL Levels as a Novel Predictor of Long-Term Adverse Outcomes in Patients with Heart Failure: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Abudouwayiti, A., Sureya, Y., Tuersun, R., Aimaier, S., Didaer, Y., Zhang, X. Y., Zheng, Y.-Y., & Mahemuti, A. (2024) · Journal of Inflammation Research · doi:10.2147/jir.s481085 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Effects of acupuncture-related treatments on blood lipid levels in patients with coronary heart disease: A comprehensive review and network meta-analysis
Cui, Y., Li, Z., Gao, P., Xu, W., & Hu, J. (2024) · Complementary Therapies in Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ctim.2024.103096 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
The Non-High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (Non-HDL-C) to HDL-C Ratio (NHHR) and Its Association with Chronic Kidney Disease in Chinese Adults with Type 2 Diabetes: A Preliminary Study
Chen, X., Liang, M., Zhang, J., Xu, C., Chen, L., Hu, R., & Zhong, J. (2025) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu17071125 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Association of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol with all-cause and cause-specific mortality in the general population: insights from NHANES 1999–2018
Li, S., Fu, Z., & Zhang, W. (2025) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-025-22251-z · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Associations between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and their ratio with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: a retrospective cohort study
Chen, H., Miao, X., Hu, M., Song, Z., He, Y., Deng, J., & Leng, S. (2025) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2025.1585811 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Sex-dependent associations of plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and mortality risk in healthy older men and women: two prospective cohort studies
Hussain, S. M., Tonkin, A. M., Watts, G. F., Lacaze, P. A., Yu, C., Beilin, L. J., Zhou, Z., Newman, A. B., Neumann, F., Tran, C., et al. (2023) · GeroScience · doi:10.1007/s11357-023-00904-4 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
HDL-replacement therapy: From traditional to emerging clinical applications
Sirtori, C. R., Cincotto, G., Castiglione, S., & Pavanello, C. (2025) · Atherosclerosis Plus · doi:10.1016/j.athplu.2025.02.001 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Optimizing Long-term Cardiovascular Risk Stratification: Integrating Biomarkers into the Very High-Risk ASCVD Definition in Asian Patients
Cheng, J., Wang, H., Song, C., Qiao, Z., Bian, X., Yin, D., Feng, L., Zhu, C., Yang, M., Gao, G., et al. (2025) · American Journal of Preventive Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.ajpc.2025.100965 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
The Association of HDL2b with Metabolic Syndrome Among Normal HDL-C Populations in Southern China
Chen, T., Wu, S., Feng, L., Long, S., Liu, Y., Lu, W., Chen, W., Hong, G., Zhou, L., Wang, F., et al. (2024) · Diabetes Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity · doi:10.2147/dmso.s446859 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
The association between serum uric acid to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and heart failure: a cross‑sectional study
Fang, Z., Jiang, Z., Wang, X., Chen, X., & Yang, Y. (2025) · BMC Cardiovascular Disorders · doi:10.1186/s12872-025-05121-9 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Elevated high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and adverse outcomes in women with symptoms of ischemic heart disease
Ranasinghe, S., Cui, Y., Muhyieddeen, A., Obrutu, O., Wei, J., Gulati, M., Bittner, V., Reís, S. E., Handberg, E. M., Pepine, C. J., et al. (2024) · American Heart Journal Plus Cardiology Research and Practice · doi:10.1016/j.ahjo.2024.100376 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Machine learning-based prediction model for the efficacy and safety of statins
Xiong, Y., Liu, X., Wang, Q., Zhao, L., Kong, X., Da, C., Meng, Z., Qu, L., Xia, Q., Liu, L., et al. (2024) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2024.1334929 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Association of triglyceride-glucose index, low and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol with all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality in generally Chinese elderly: a retrospective cohort study
Su, D., An, Z., Chen, L., Chen, X., Wu, W., Cui, Y., Cheng, Y., & Shi, S. (2024) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2024.1422086 · Cited by 5 · see citing works

Very High High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Levels and Cardiovascular Mortality
Liu, C., Dhindsa, D. S., Almuwaqqat, Z., Sun, Y. V., & Quyyumi, A. A. (2022) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2021.11.041 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Self-citation
Association between very high HDL-C levels and cardiovascular mortality
Shaikh, S. J., Ali, F., Shaikh, S. H., Shaikh, S., Fatima, L., Qadir, G., Simran, F. N. U., Perveen, A., & Malik, J. (2026) · European journal of medical research · doi:10.1186/s40001-026-03973-1 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Association between very high HDL-C levels and mortality: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Mamede, I., Braga, M. A. P., Martins, O. C., Franchini, A. E. O., Filho, R. B. S., & Santos, M. C. F. (2024) · Journal of clinical lipidology · doi:10.1016/j.jacl.2024.06.002 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Impact of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol on cardiovascular diseases and all-cause mortality: a large-scale cohort study in Korea
Huh, Y., & Son, K. Y. (2026) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-026-50885-5
Association between extremely high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and adverse cardiovascular outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Zhang, G., Guo, J., Jin, H., Wei, X., Zhu, X., Jia, W., & Huang, Y. (2023) · Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine · doi:10.3389/fcvm.2023.1201107 · Cited by 15 · see citing works

Authors: Liu, C., Dhindsa, D., Almuwaqqat, Z., Ko, Y.-A., Mehta, A., Alkhoder, A. A., Alras, Z., Desai, S. R., Patel, K. J., Hooda, A., Wehbe, M., Sperling, L. S., Sun, Y. V., & Quyyumi, A. A.
Affiliations: Emory University (US)
ORCID: Liu, Chang
Dhindsa, Devinder
Almuwaqqat, Zakaria
Ko, Yi-An
Mehta, Anurag
Alkhoder, Ayman A.
Desai, Shivang Rajan
Patel, Krishan Jignesh
Sperling, Laurence S.
Sun, Yan V.
Quyyumi, Arshed A.
Venue: JAMA Cardiology
Publisher: American Medical Association (AMA)
Published: 2022-07-01
Volume: 7
Issue: 7
Pages: 672
ISSN: 2380-6583 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1001/jamacardio.2022.0912
PMC: PMC9118072
OpenAlex: W4280530834
Semantic Scholar: 6d4ebe822cf6955b795923be8dc61ee482ea2dae
Cited by: 250
References: 27
Citations by year: 2026: 48 · 2025: 75 · 2024: 80 · 2023: 35 · 2022: 12
FWCI: 49.42
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Locations: JAMA Cardiology (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: Medical Research Council (MC_PC_17228)
National Institute on Aging (U54AG062334)
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (P01HL101398, P20HL113451, P01HL086773, R61HL138657, R01HL141205, T32HL130025)
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (P30DK111024)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Health
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Clinical Biochemistry › Paraoxonase enzyme and polymorphisms
Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Cholesterol and Lipid Metabolism
Keywords: cholesterol, coronary artery disease, all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, U-shaped relationship, genetic variants, cardiovascular risk, vulnerable populations, cardiovascular outcomes, UK Biobank
MeSH terms: Aged, Cholesterol, Coronary Artery Disease, Female, Humans, Cholesterol, HDL, Male, Middle Aged, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors, Cohort Studies

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Association between High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Levels and Adverse Cardiovascular Outcomes in High-Risk Populations

Abstract

Integrity signals

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Cites

Cited by

Related

Record

About these checks