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Cited by 86Gun Ownership and Violence ResearchInjury Epidemiology and PreventionHomicide, Infanticide, and Child Abuse

Prevention of Firearm Injuries Among Children and Adolescents: Consensus-Driven Research Agenda from the Firearm Safety Among Children and Teens (FACTS) Consortium

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Cunningham, Rebecca M., Carter, Patrick M., Ranney, Megan L., Walton, Maureen, Zeoli, April M., Alpern, Elizabeth R., Branas, Charles, Beidas, Rinad S. +16 more·2019·JAMA Pediatrics
DOI 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2019.1494PMC PMC6901804
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Abstract

IMPORTANCE: Firearm injuries are the second leading cause of death among US children and adolescents. Because of the lack of resources allocated to firearm injury prevention during the past 25 years, research has lagged behind other areas of injury prevention. Identifying timely and important research questions regarding firearm injury prevention is a critical step for reducing pediatric mortality. OBJECTIVE: The Firearm Safety Among Children and Teens (FACTS) Consortium, a National Institute for Child Health and Human Development-funded group of scientists and stakeholders, was formed in 2017 to develop research resources for the field, including a pediatric-specific research agenda for firearm injury prevention to assist future researchers and funders, as well as to inform cross-disciplinary evidence-based research on this critical injury prevention topic. EVIDENCE REVIEW: A nominal group technique process was used, including 4 key steps (idea generation, round-robin, clarification, and voting and consensus). During idea generation, stakeholders and workgroups generated initial research agenda topics after conducting scoping reviews of the literature to identify existing gaps in knowledge. Agenda topics were refined through 6 rounds of discussion and survey feedback (ie, round-robin, and clarification steps). Final voting (using a 5-point Likert scale) was conducted to achieve consensus (≥70% of consortium ranking items at 4 or 5 priority for inclusion) around key research priorities for the next 5 years of research in this field. Final agenda questions were reviewed by both the stakeholder group and an external panel of research experts not affiliated with the FACTS Consortium. Feedback was integrated and the final set of agenda items was ratified by the entire FACTS Consortium. FINDINGS: Overall, 26 priority agenda items with examples of specific research questions were identified across 5 major thematic areas, including epidemiology and risk and protective factors, primary prevention, secondary prevention and sequelae, cross-cutting prevention factors, policy, and data enhancement. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: These priority agenda items, when taken together, define a comprehensive pediatric-specific firearm injury prevention research agenda that will guide research resource allocation within this field during the next 5 years.

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  • The FACTS Consortium stated a need for a greater focus on collecting longitudinal data that tests new and existing theoretical models to understand the epidemiology of firearm carriage, risky firearm behaviors, and firearm violence among adolescent and emerging adult populations.

    “According to the Firearm Safety among Children and Teens (FACTS) Consortium (funded in 2017 by the National Institutes of Health), there is a need”

    From Machine learning classification of new firearm injury encounters in the St Louis region: 2010-2020 (2024) · cites this paper as [16]

    The Discussion’s Data Enhancement section calls for research guided by theoretical models and for longitudinal data collection to understand firearm behavior and causal relationships. The Epidemiology and Risk and Protective Factors section also discusses youth firearm carriage. But the paper frames its agenda around children and adolescents, not emerging adults, and does not specifically call for longitudinal tests of new and existing models of all three named outcomes. Page numbers were not available in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.85)

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Cited by

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Authors
Cunningham, R. M., Carter, P. M., Ranney, M. L., Walton, M., Zeoli, A. M., Alpern, E. R., Branas, C., Beidas, R. S., Ehrlich, P. F., Goyal, M. K., Goldstick, J. E., Hemenway, D., Hargarten, S. W., King, C. A., Massey, L., Ngo, Q., Pizarro, J., Prosser, L., Rowhani-Rahbar, A., Rivara, F., Rupp, L. A., Sigel, E., Savolainen, J., & Zimmerman, M. A.
Affiliations
  • University of Michigan (US)
  • Brown University (US)
  • Michigan State University (US)
  • Northwestern University (US)
  • Columbia University (US)
  • Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics (US)
  • Children's National (US)
  • Harvard University (US)
  • Medical College of Wisconsin (US)
  • Arizona State University (US)
  • Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle
  • University of Washington (US)
  • University of Colorado Anschutz (US)
ORCID
Venue
JAMA Pediatrics
Publisher
American Medical Association (AMA)
Published
2019-08-01
Volume
173
Issue
8
Pages
780
ISSN
  • 1072-4710 (ISSN-L)
  • 2168-6203
DOI
10.1001/jamapediatrics.2019.1494
PMC
PMC6901804
OpenAlex
W2952540066
Cited by
86
References
1
Citations by year
2026: 4 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 24 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 5 · 2012: 1
FWCI
12.68
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U01CE002698)
  • National Institute on Drug Abuse (K23DA039341)
  • Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R24HD087149)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Health › Gun Ownership and Violence Research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Injury Epidemiology and Prevention
  • Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Homicide, Infanticide, and Child Abuse
Keywords
firearm injuries, child injury prevention, adolescents, research priorities, research agenda setting, stakeholder consensus, risk and protective factors, primary prevention, secondary prevention, gun policy, injury epidemiology

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