The DOI matches its Crossref record; 39 of the 41 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Traffic-Related Air Pollution, Particulate Matter, and Autism
Open accessAbstract
CONTEXT: Autism is a heterogeneous disorder with genetic and environmental factors likely contributing to its origins. Examination of hazardous pollutants has suggested the importance of air toxics in the etiology of autism, yet little research has examined its association with local levels of air pollution using residence-specific exposure assignments. OBJECTIVE: To examine the relationship between traffic-related air pollution, air quality, and autism. DESIGN: This population-based case-control study includes data obtained from children with autism and control children with typical development who were enrolled in the Childhood Autism Risks from Genetics and the Environment study in California. The mother's address from the birth certificate and addresses reported from a residential history questionnaire were used to estimate exposure for each trimester of pregnancy and first year of life. Traffic-related air pollution was assigned to each location using a line-source air-quality dispersion model. Regional air pollutant measures were based on the Environmental Protection Agency's Air Quality System data. Logistic regression models compared estimated and measured pollutant levels for children with autism and for control children with typical development. SETTING: Case-control study from California. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 279 children with autism and a total of 245 control children with typical development. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Crude and multivariable adjusted odds ratios (AORs) for autism. RESULTS: Children with autism were more likely to live at residences that had the highest quartile of exposure to traffic-related air pollution, during gestation (AOR, 1.98 [95% CI, 1.20-3.31]) and during the first year of life (AOR, 3.10 [95% CI, 1.76-5.57]), compared with control children. Regional exposure measures of nitrogen dioxide and particulate matter less than 2.5 and 10 μm in diameter (PM2.5 and PM10) were also associated with autism during gestation (exposure to nitrogen dioxide: AOR, 1.81 [95% CI, 1.37-3.09]; exposure to PM2.5: AOR, 2.08 [95% CI, 1.93-2.25]; exposure to PM10: AOR, 2.17 [95% CI, 1.49-3.16) and during the first year of life (exposure to nitrogen dioxide: AOR, 2.06 [95% CI, 1.37-3.09]; exposure to PM2.5: AOR, 2.12 [95% CI, 1.45-3.10]; exposure to PM10: AOR, 2.14 [95% CI, 1.46-3.12]). All regional pollutant estimates were scaled to twice the standard deviation of the distribution for all pregnancy estimates. CONCLUSIONS: Exposure to traffic-related air pollution, nitrogen dioxide, PM2.5, and PM10 during pregnancy and during the first year of life was associated with autism. Further epidemiological and toxicological examinations of likely biological pathways will help determine whether these associations are causal.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“In this line, Volk et al. (92) found that exposure during pregnancy and the first year of life to traffic-related air pollution was associated with autism (DSM-IV and ICD-10 criteria based on the ADI-R and ADOS scales).”
From Gene × Environment Interactions in Autism Spectrum Disorders: Role of Epigenetic Mechanisms (2014) · cites this paper as [92]
In the citing paper
“Children residing in homes with the highest levels of modeled air pollution (>31.8 ppb) were three times as likely to have autism compared to children residing in homes with the lowest levels of exposure (<9.7 ppb).”
From Gene × Environment Interactions in Autism Spectrum Disorders: Role of Epigenetic Mechanisms (2014) · cites this paper as [92]
In the citing paper
“An increasing probability of autism was seen with increasing air pollution (nitrogen dioxide and particulate matter less than 2.5 and 10 μm in diameter: PM2.5 and PM10) with a plateau reached at a threshold above 25–30 ppb.”
From Gene × Environment Interactions in Autism Spectrum Disorders: Role of Epigenetic Mechanisms (2014) · cites this paper as [92]
In the citing paper
“research examining air pollution exposure employing indirect measures of exposure (such as distance to a freeway where emissions were measured) have reported associations to autism [256], while studies measuring emission levels close to the individuals’ homes have not [257].”
From The contribution of environmental exposure to the etiology of autism spectrum disorder (2019) · cites this paper as [256]
In the citing paper
“Using a leave-one-out analysis, we identified one study in particular [52] that was contributing to the majority of this heterogeneity.”
From A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Multiple Airborne Pollutants and Autism Spectrum Disorder (2016) · cites this paper as [52]
In the citing paper
“One additional included study [53] also reported effect estimates for both PM10 and PM2.5 but ultimately was not included in the meta-analysis because upon personal communication with the study authors [64] it was determined that the study population was a subset of the population reported in a previous article [52] that was already included in the meta-analyses.”
From A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Multiple Airborne Pollutants and Autism Spectrum Disorder (2016) · cites this paper as [52]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
Williams, J. B. W., & First, M. B. (2013) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acrefore/9780199975839.013.104 · Cited by 109,845
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders.
Widiger, T. A. (2000) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1037/10518-009 · Cited by 19,766
Mullen Scales of Early Learning
Bradley‐Johnson, S. (1997) · Psychology in the Schools · doi:10.1002/(sici)1520-6807(199710)34:4 · Cited by 2,329
Air pollution: mechanisms of neuroinflammation and CNS disease
Block, M. L., & Calderón‐Garcidueñas, L. (2009) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/j.tins.2009.05.009 · Cited by 1,676 · cited 2×
“Emerging evidence suggests that systemic inflammation may also result in damage to endothelial cells in the brain and may compromise the blood-brain barrier.(29) Systemic inflammatory mediators may cross the bloodbrain barrier, activating brain microglia, and peripheral monocytes may migrate into the pool of microglia.”
Geiser, M., Rothen‐Rutishauser, B., Kapp, N., Schürch, S., Kreyling, W. G., Schulz, H., Semmler, M., Hof, V. I., Heyder, J., & Gehr, P. (2005) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.8006 · Cited by 1,408 · cited 1×
“1) may penetrate cellular membranes.(37,38) These particles translocate indirectly through the lungs and from the systemic circulation or directly via the nasal mucosa and the olfactory bulb into the brain.”
Concentration and Size Distribution of Ultrafine Particles Near a Major Highway
Zhu, Y., Hinds, W. C., Kim, S., & Sioutas, C. (2002) · Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association · doi:10.1080/10473289.2002.10470842 · Cited by 1,002 · cited 1×
“The near-source trafficrelated air pollutant mixture has a large spatial variation, returning to near-background daytime levels beyond this distance.(8,9) Herein, we report associations of autism with estimates of exposure to the mixture of trafficrelated air pollution and with regional measures of nitrogen dioxide, p…”
Study of ultrafine particles near a major highway with heavy-duty diesel traffic
Zhu, Y., Hinds, W. C., Kim, S., Shen, S., & Sioutas, C. (2002) · Atmospheric Environment · doi:10.1016/s1352-2310(02)00354-0 · Cited by 919 · cited 1×
“The near-source trafficrelated air pollutant mixture has a large spatial variation, returning to near-background daytime levels beyond this distance.(8,9) Herein, we report associations of autism with estimates of exposure to the mixture of trafficrelated air pollution and with regional measures of nitrogen dioxide, p…”
Elevated immune response in the brain of autistic patients
Li, X., Chauhan, A., Sheikh, A. M., Patil, S., Chauhan, V., Li, X.-M., Ji, L., Brown, T., & Malik, M. (2009) · Journal of Neuroimmunology · doi:10.1016/j.jneuroim.2008.12.002 · Cited by 786
Rice, C. E. (2009) · PsycEXTRA Dataset · doi:10.1037/e562722010-001 · Cited by 762
Innate immunity: the missing link in neuroprotection and neurodegeneration?
Nguyen, M. D., Julien, J., & Rivest, S. (2002) · Nature reviews. Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn752 · Cited by 710
Flagged first, then by citations
2 of the 41 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- [14]Sparrow S Cicchettim D Balla D Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales Interview Edition Expanded Form Manual Circle Pines, MN American Guidance Services Inc 1984
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 501–600 of 636
Prenatal Exposure to Wildfire and Autism in Children
Luglio, D. G., Yu, X., Lin, J. C., Chow, T., Martinez, M. P., Chen, Z., Eckel, S. P., Schwartz, J. D., Lurmann, F., Pavlovic, N., et al. (2026) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.5c08256 · Cited by 2
“12,62,63 In this cohort we previously found larger effects of PM2.”
Self-citationStoehr, M. C., Martin, E. M., Babalola, J. T., Xue, J., Kern, M., Li, N. Y., Winters, M. F., Bhagwagar, S., & Smith, C. J. (2026) · Journal of Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1111/jne.70151 · Cited by 2
Advancing Mental Health Equity in Epilepsy: Social Determinants of Health Across the Lifespan
Gopaul, M., Fox, J. E., Smith, A. W., Maturu, S., McInnis, R. P., Patel, P. S., Brothers, S. L., Duberstein, S., Woodward, J. J., Conner, K., et al. (2026) · Epiliepsy currents/Epilepsy currents · doi:10.1177/15357597251406119 · Cited by 2
Modelling Autistic Features in Mice Using Quantitative Genetic Approaches
Molenhuis, R. T., Bruining, H., & Kas, M. J. (2017) · Advances in anatomy, embryology and cell biology · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-52498-6_4 · Cited by 2
“…factors that could affect neurodevelopment, such as complications during pregnancy and exposure to teratogenic agents, have been suggested to increase risk of ASD (Gardener et al. 2009, 2011; Hultman et al. 2011; Sandin et al. 2012; Volk et al. 2013; Christensen et al. 2013; Canetta et al. 2014).”
Mutação de novo no gene DEAF1 e sua relação com o autismo: estudo de caso
Estrada, P. F., & Tavares, C. (2021) · Revista de Divulgação Científica Sena Aires · doi:10.36239/revisa.v10.n2.p347a357 · Cited by 2
MODELLING THE PM2.5 CONCENTRATION WITH ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE-BASED ENSEMBLE APPROACH
Umar, I. K., & Yahya, M. N. (2022) · Trakya University Journal of Natural Sciences · doi:10.23902/trkjnat.1062091 · Cited by 2
Nan, B., Sun, X., Yang, S., Huang, Q., & Shen, H. (2023) · Journal of Applied Toxicology · doi:10.1002/jat.4500 · Cited by 3
“These toxicants have different original sources, which may be traffic emission (Volk et al., 2013), industrial fossil-fuel combustion (Lu et al., 2019), and household cooking (Chafe et al., 2014).”
BackgroundPrenatal-induced psychopathologies: All roads lead to microglia
Lebow, M., Kuperman, Y., & Chen, A. (2023) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-817558-3.00016-0 · Cited by 2
Luhach, K., Sharma, P., Sharma, N., Dhiman, N., Kharkwal, H., & Sharma, B. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-42383-3_3 · Cited by 3
Huang, A., Lycett, K., Klas, A., Crowe, M., Frykberg, G., Olsson, C. A., Smit, R., Wang, Y., & Walter, C. M. (2025) · Environmental Education Research · doi:10.1080/13504622.2025.2538773 · Cited by 4
“…where children are commonly exposed to idling vehicles (An et al. 2021). this is important, as children are physiologically more susceptible to the health effects (including respiratory illnesses and mental health) of air pollution when compared to adults (Suglia et al. 2008; Volk et al. 2013).”
Reproductive and Developmental Effects of Nanomaterials
Morishita, Y., Yoshioka, Y., Higashisaka, K., & Tsutsumi, Y. M. (2015) · Current topics in environmental health and preventive medicine · doi:10.1007/978-4-431-55732-6_4 · Cited by 2
Air Pollution and ASDs: Homing In on an Environmental Risk Factor
Arnold, C. (2015) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.123-a68 · Cited by 2
Woodsmoke: Regulatory failure is damaging public health
Robinson, D. L. (2014) · EPubDev Repository · Cited by 2
Special Population Consideration in ASD Identification and Treatment
Chavez, A. E., Huang-Storms, L. Y., & Zuckerman, K. E. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-00503-0_9 · Cited by 2
Impairment of HDL by Pollutants
Cho, K. (2019) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-13-7387-9_4 · Cited by 2
Exposure of children with autism spectrum disorders to mercury and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
Waligóra, S., Waligóra, A., Damasiewicz-Bodzek, A., Gorczyca, P. W., & Tyrpień-Golder, K. (2019) · Postępy Psychiatrii i Neurologii · doi:10.5114/ppn.2019.89128 · Cited by 2
“Moreover, studies indicate an increased risk of autism spectrum disorders during pregnancy and in the first year of life of children living in areas with high levels of local traffic-related air pollution [28].”
BackgroundPersistent immune effects of wildfire PM exposure during childhood development
Miller, L. A. (2013) · Cited by 2
Understanding the Increased Prevalence of Autism in the United States
Mendes, J. M. (2013) · DigitalCommons - CalPoly (California State Polytechnic University) · Cited by 2
Epidemiologic Features of Autism Spectrum Disorders
Kirby, R. S. (2015) · Contemporary clinical neuroscience · doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-2190-4_3 · Cited by 4
“Several recent studies have implicated specific pollutants, including exposures to traffic-related air pollution (Volk et al. 2013) and to ambient air pollution (Becerra et al.”
BackgroundWilkinson, S. J., & Torpy, F. R. (2018) · doi:10.1002/9781119260493.ch10 · Cited by 2
Air Pollution and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
Allen, J. L., Klocke, C. R., Morris‐Schaffer, K., Conrad, K., Sobolewski, M., & Cory‐Slechta, D. A. (2022) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781119316329.ch11 · Cited by 2
Climate Change and the Risk of Desertification with a Focus in the United States
Asif, H., & Mirsaeidi, M. S. (2020) · Respiratory medicine · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-54746-2_22 · Cited by 1
Durand, V. M. (2014) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199328710.013.014 · Cited by 1
Barbosa, W. B., Sardi, N. M., Galina, V. D. S., Ferreira, F. S., Souza, I. A. C., Martins, J. M. R., Pereira, L. G., de Souza, G. H. L., Côrtes, P. H., & Parente, G. A. (2023) · Revista Ibero-Americana de Humanidades, Ciências e Educação · doi:10.51891/rease.v9i7.10819 · Cited by 1
Lee, T., & Kim, E. (2024) · Ewha Medical Journal · doi:10.12771/emj.2024.e18 · Cited by 2
Donzelli, G., Peraita‐Costa, I., Linzalone, N., & Morales‐Suárez‐Varela, M. (2025) · Atmosphere · doi:10.3390/atmos16091034 · Cited by 1
“[45] observed a particularly strong association between ASD and PM 2.5 exposure during pregnancy, especially in the first year of life.”
InfluentialWang, L., Li, W., Yao, Y., Jiang, X., Ma, D., Liu, Y., Deng, Y., Sun, L., Li, H., Zhao, Y., et al. (2025) · Environmental Research · doi:10.1016/j.envres.2025.123274 · Cited by 1
Fine and ultrafine particulate matter components and autism spectrum disorder (ASD)
Goodrich, A. J., Bennett, D. G., Kleeman, M. J., Tancredi, D. J., Ludeña, Y., Hertz‐Picciotto, I., & Schmidt, R. J. (2026) · Environment International · doi:10.1016/j.envint.2026.110068 · Cited by 2
“…on total PM 2.5 mass (Ritz et al., 2018; Pham et al., 2022; Pagalan et al., 2019; Kaufman et al., 2019; Talbott et al., 2015; Raz et al., 2015; Volk et al., 2013; Becerra et al., 2013) or broad source categories, (Rahman et al., 2023; Flanagan et al., 2023; Luglio et al., 2024) with some…”
InfluentialSelf-citationLiu, Q., Shu, X., Cao, J., Wang, Y., Liu, Y., jiang, F., & Shu, J. (2026) · Tropical Medicine and Health · doi:10.1186/s41182-026-00949-z · Cited by 1
“Other notable burst references include Volk HE (2013) [27], Suades-González E (2015)[31], Roberts AL (2013) [32], and more recent ones such as Cserbik D (2020)[33] and Dutheil F (2021)[34].”
Lee, H., Kim, S., Ahn, S., Lee, W., Hwang, J., 조은혜, & Kim, W. J. (2026) · Environmental Research · doi:10.1016/j.envres.2026.125161 · Cited by 1
Huang, W., Huybrechts, K. F., Hernández–Dı́az, S., Shupler, M. S., Qiu, X., Leung, M., Wei, Y., Schwartz, J. D., Coull, B. A., McDougle, C. J., et al. (2026) · Environmental Research · doi:10.1016/j.envres.2026.125270 · Cited by 1
Nazneen, S., Ibarra-Mejia, G., Mahmud, S., Ojo, B. D., Khanjani, N., Jeon, S., Gill, T. E., Hossain, M. M., & Duarte‐Gardea, M. (2026) · Reviews on Environmental Health · doi:10.1515/reveh-2025-0157 · Cited by 1
“Stronger associations were frequently found for exposure in the third-trimester [60] and;the postnatal year 1 [55, 56, 59, 61], two articles showed cumulative or multi-window e ff ects [56, 59].”
InfluentialDhawan, N., Emerson, B., Popara, R., Lin, C., Rawji, A., Zeiden, R., Rashid, L., Phyu, P., Bahl, J., & Gupta, V. (2014) · International Scholarly Research Notices · doi:10.1155/2014/290837 · Cited by 1
“[35] The authors of this paper conducted a population-based study that was case controlled and looked for relationships between air pollution created by traffic, quality of air, and autism.”
BackgroundJaarsma, P. (2014) · Linköping University Electronic Press eBooks · doi:10.3384/diss.diva-104418 · Cited by 1
“Recently, another candidate for an environmental component appeared: 'Exposure to traffic-related air pollution, nitrogen dioxide, PM 28 2.5, and PM10 during pregnancy and during the first year of life was associated with autism (Volk et al., 2013, p.71).”
BackgroundInfluentialHow to assist parents of children with autism spectrum disorders in rural area?
Ding, B. (2015) · Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice · doi:10.4103/0976-3147.169776 · Cited by 1
“[1,3,4] Recently, emerging evidence suggests that air pollution plays a role in autism, supported by previously report that air pollution may cause physical and developmental effects due to prenatal and early life exposure.[5, 6]”
Shrader‐Frechette, K. (2015) · JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENT AND HEALTH SCIENCE · doi:10.15436/2378-6841.15.019 · Cited by 1
“…based on young children’s exposures to diesel exhaust, especially PM (e.g., Volk, 2010; Volk et al., 2013b; Becerra et al., 2013a; Roberts et al., 2013; Jung et al., 2013; Volk et al., 2013a; Morgan et al., 2011; Andrea et al., 2013; Hallymayerand Cleveland, 2011; Genc and Zadeoglulari, 2012).”
BackgroundEnvironmental Exposure & Autism: The Role of Physician Counseling in Incidence Reduction
Zeliger, H. I. (2015) · JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENT AND HEALTH SCIENCE · doi:10.15436/2378-6841.15.009 · Cited by 1
“The association of increased ASD rates with increased air pollution has been demonstrated by several studies[13,25-27].”
BackgroundIndorato, D. (2018) · Archives of Clinical and Biomedical Research · doi:10.26502/acbr.50170037
“Emerging evidence also suggests that exposure to trafficrelated air pollution may be associated with an increased risk of autism during gestation [20].”
BackgroundAir Pollution and Children’s Health: Living in Urban Areas in Developing Countries
Tasmin, S. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-13-2526-7_4 · Cited by 1
Neurodevelopmental Disorders in the Hamamatsu Birth Cohort for Mothers and Children (HBC Study)
Tsuchiya, K. J., & Takagai, S. (2018) · Current topics in environmental health and preventive medicine · doi:10.1007/978-981-13-2194-8_11 · Cited by 1
Underestimated environmental factors contributing to autism spectrum disorders
Fini, J., Leemans, M., & DEMENEIX, B. A. (2020) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-818466-0.00004-6 · Cited by 1
Tan, M., 芮, 魏., 丁, 文., & 张, 芳. (2014) · Scientia Sinica Vitae · doi:10.1360/052014-56 · Cited by 1
Impact of air pollution on health, including the role of the COVID-19 pandemic
Wolińska, I., Dykiert, K., Gać, P., & Poręba, M. (2022) · Journal of Health Inequalities · doi:10.5114/jhi.2022.116059 · Cited by 1
Smith, C. A., Rendina, D. N., Kingsbury, M. A., Malacon, K. E., Nguyen, D. M., Tran, J. J., Devlin, B. A., Clark, M. J., Raju, R. M., Burgett, L. A., et al. (2022) · Brain Behavior and Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2022.07.031 · Cited by 1
Prenatal Risk Factors for Autism: a selected school-based study in Dhaka, Bangladesh
Alim, A. (2023) · Research Review · doi:10.52845/cmro/2023/6-6-1 · Cited by 1
The Human Toll of Collective Trauma: The Ravages of War and Persecution
Gouni, O., & Verny, T. R. (2023) · The International Journal of Prenatal & Life Sciences · doi:10.24946/ijpls/20231010 · Cited by 4
Umar, M. A., Salibi, G., & Tzenios, N. (2024) · Special journal of the Medical Academy and other Life Sciences · doi:10.58676/sjmas.v2i2.53 · Cited by 2
The Earth is Heating Up: Causes, Effects, and Solutions of Global Warming
Dilaver, H., & Dilaver, K. F. (2024) · Kafkas Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi · doi:10.58688/kujs.1496932 · Cited by 1
Hu, P., Lu, W., Gao, X., Li, Y., Yang, Y., Yin, W., Dong, L., Ren, R., & Wang, X. (2025) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1573556 · Cited by 1
“Indeed, there are accumulated studies suggesting that air pollution may increase the risk of suicide, depression, autism, and anxiety during pregnancy (Bakian et al., 2015; Wang et al., 2018; Lin et al., 2017; Volk et al., 2013).”
Early Signs and Early Intervention
Freitag, C. M. (2015) · Key issues in mental health (Online)/Key issues in mental health (Print) · doi:10.1159/000363613 · Cited by 1
Ng, M., de Montigny, J., Ofner, M., & Do, M. (2017) · Promotion de la santé et prévention des maladies chroniques au Canada · doi:10.24095/hpcdp.37.1.01f · Cited by 1
Carletti, C. D. O., Santos, R. C., de Araújo, L. F. S., Santos, M. A. D. P., Veras, M. M., Silva, R. H., & Fernandes, M. J. D. S. (2019) · Colloquium Vitae · doi:10.5747/cv.2019.v11.n3.v267 · Cited by 1
Risk Assessment for Autism Spectrum Disorders by Representative Database
Kawada, T. (2014) · Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology · doi:10.1111/ppe.12109 · Cited by 1
May traffic air pollution be involved in autism spectrum disorder?
Chirumbolo, S., Bjørklund, G., & Urbina, M. A. (2016) · Environmental Research · doi:10.1016/j.envres.2016.12.023 · Cited by 1
Tsimkouski, I. (2015) · Utrecht University Repository (Utrecht University)
Near-Roadway Exposure to Air-Pollutants: Pilot Study
(7960523), B. C. (2014) · Figshare
Frontiers and Challenges in Occupational Safety and Health
Guo, H. (2014) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2014.00085
Echoes of Autism? Inhaled Ultrafine Particles and Brain Changes in Mice
Potera, C. (2014) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.122-a250
Perturbações do Espetro do Autismo: Fatores de Risco e Protetores
Santos, M. A. S. (2015) · Portuguese National Funding Agency for Science, Research and Technology (RCAAP Project by FCT) · doi:10.34626/1875-9d80
Psychodynamic Theory and the Treatment of Autism: The Case of Austin
Duckham, B. C., & Yann, C. M. G. (2016) · Smith College Studies in Social Work · doi:10.1080/00377317.2016.1149344
Environment, Health, and Human Capital †
Currie, J., Bharadwaj, P., & Sanders, N. (2013)
aaaaaaaaa. Air Pollution and Neuropsychological Development: A Review of the Latest Evidence
Suades-González, E., Gascón, M., Guxens, M., & Sunyer, J. (2015)
Environment and autism analysis
Woelke, J. (2015) · doi:10.26716/redlands/master/2015.16
Joint Attention in Development : Insights from Children with Autism and Infant Siblings
Thorup, E. (2017) · KTH Publication Database DiVA (KTH Royal Institute of Technology)
Introduction to JTD Air Pollution Section
Zhang, J. J. (2017) · Journal of Thoracic Disease · doi:10.21037/jtd.2017.09.53
Traffic Equity in Buffalo, New York
Cadzow, D., & Magavern, S. (2015) · eCommons (Cornell University) · doi:10.13140/rg.2.1.1568.3040
Air Pollution and the Skin Health
Neto, A. H. P., Metzdorf, L., Leite, L. L., & Bonamigo, R. R. (2017) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-33919-1_48
Status of Suspended Particulate Matters Pollution at Traditional Markets in Makassar City
Suryani, S., & Fahrunnisa (2018) · Journal of Physics Conference Series · doi:10.1088/1742-6596/979/1/012041
Air Pollution and Cigarettes Cloud Development
Finch, C. E. (2018) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-813102-2.00004-2
Coal ash exposure and behavioral impairments among children in Louisville, Kentucky.
Odoh, C. (2018) · ThinkIR: The University of Louisville's Institutional Repository (University of Louisville) · doi:10.18297/etd/3046
“disorders and respiratory problems in children (146,192).”
BackgroundA Critical and Statistical Analysis of Air Pollution Using Data Analytics
Kumar, P., Lalwani, P., Rathore, K., & Rawat, S. (2018) · Advances in intelligent systems and computing · doi:10.1007/978-981-13-2285-3_53
Li, Y. (2018) · Nihon Ika Daigaku Igakkai Zasshi · doi:10.1272/manms.14.152
Gebelik ve Doğum Özelliklerinin Otizm Spektrum Bozukluğu ve Belirti Şiddeti ile İlişkisi
Çimen, İ. D. (2019) · Sakarya Medical Journal · doi:10.31832/smj.465688
Domenico, M. D. (2019) · Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (Universidade de São Paulo) · doi:10.11606/t.5.2019.tde-25102019-133152
Environmental Pressures on Transgenerational Epigenetic Inheritance
Adhya, D., Massrali, A., Paul, A., Kotter, M., Carroll, J. S., Srivastava, D. P., Price, J., & Baron‐Cohen, S. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108131797.010
Benefits, Burden, and COVID-19: A Response to Dutheil et al. (2020)
Rubenstein, E., Kalkbrenner, A. E., Volk, H. E., & McGuinn, L. A. (2020) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-020-04762-3
Self-citationResearch of the Causes and Risk Factors of Autism in the Western Region of Algeria
Mehida, H., Meziani, S., Mehida, W., Zemri, K., Bekhaled, I., & Bendahmane, M. (2020) · Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics · doi:10.22270/jddt.v10i6.4563
Ubiquitous environmental pollutants and neurodevelopment
Étiemble, J., & Cordier, S. (2022) · Environnement Risques Santé · doi:10.1684/ers.2021.1611
Traffic-related air pollution and the developing brain
Costa, L. G., Garrick, J. M., Dao, K., Phillips, A., Marsillach, J., & Cole, T. B. (2022) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-89773-0.00042-4
Air pollutants reinforce autism–like behavior in the VPA-Induced – rat model of autismPreprint
Emam, B., Shahsavani, A., Khodagholi, F., Hopke, P. K., Abdollahifar, M., Hadei, M., & Mirbehbahani, S. H. (2020) · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-21729/v1
“The exposure period was chosen based on the human epidemiological studies suggesting that air pollution exposures during all the three trimesters of pregnancy, and the first 9 months of an infant’s life were related to the ASD risk [4, 20].”
BackgroundMethodChristensen, G. M., Chen, J., Vanker, A., Koen, N., Jones, M. J., Gladish, N., Hoffman, N., Donald, K. A., Wedderburn, C. J., Kobor, M., et al. (2022) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.4004766
Policy implications and future prospects for adaptive phytoremediation practices
Pandey, V. C., Gajić, G., Sharma, P., & Roy, M. (2022) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-823831-8.00006-2
Boushel, S. (2022) · Carleton University's Institutional Repository (MacOdrum Library, Carleton University) · doi:10.22215/etd/2022-14896
Vorstman, J. A. S. (2017) · Bohn Stafleu van Loghum eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-90-368-2042-4_3
Relação entre estresse e mães de indivíduos com autismo: um estudo usando FaceReader
Garcia, A. H. C., Marques, L. M., Boggio, P. S., & Brunoni, D. (2021) · doi:10.29327/558730.1-24
Dooley, E. E. (2013) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.121-a17
“In one recent case–control study of potential links between autism and air pollution, researchers found that autistic children were more likely than control children to have been exposed to the highest quartile of air pollution during gestation and the first year of life.(3) The observations don’t prove a causal link…”
BackgroundSymonds, M. E. (2019) · Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature · doi:10.3410/f.732443627.793557384
Prevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorder with High- Functioning among Children Aged 7–12 Years Old
Yavari, A., Zamanian, M., Panahian, M., & Valizadeh, A. (2022) · Depiction of Health · doi:10.34172/doh.2022.24 · Cited by 1
Valencia, A. K. L., & Mercado, E. B. (2022) · Archivos de Investigación Materno Infantil · doi:10.35366/108721 · Cited by 3
The neurodevelopment of neonates born to women with polycystic ovary syndrome: evidences from ChinaPreprint
Shen, D., Dai, M., Jin, Y., Jiang, Z., Zhou, T., Qu, F., & Wang, F. (2023) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-2933379/v1
Real-time driving emissions of on-road diesel vehicles
Shahariar, G. M. H. (2023) · Queensland University of Technology · doi:10.5204/thesis.eprints.239740
Author response to Comments on egusphere-2023-1031
Raffuse, S. M. (2023) · doi:10.5194/egusphere-2023-1031-ac1
Environmental risk factors for autism spectrum disorder (ASD)
Marshall, L. P. (2015) · D-Scholarship@Pitt (University of Pittsburgh)
de Lima, C. M., Silvestre, G. C. S. B., Barbosa, D. F. M., de Figueiredo, G. R. L., Pevidor, F. D. A., Sogiro, G. S., de Oliveira, K. L., Lenhardt, E. H., da Silva, L. M., da Silva, A. M. C., et al. (2024) · Revista Foco · doi:10.54751/revistafoco.v17n4-057
Children's Health and Exposure to Chemicals in the Natural and Built Environment
Goldhaber, S. B., Slover, R., Mullikin, A., Tulve, N. S., & Hubal, E. A. C. (2024) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781119742975.ch19
Metadata
- Authors
- Volk, H. E., Lurmann, F., Penfold, B., Hertz-Picciotto, I., & McConnell, R.
- Affiliations
- University of Southern California (US)
- Corresponding author
- Volk, Heather E.
- Venue
- JAMA Psychiatry
- Publisher
- American Medical Association (AMA)
- Published
- 2013-01-01
- Volume
- 70
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 71
- ISSN
- 2168-622X (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4019010
- OpenAlex
- W2095096359
- Cited by
- 638
- References
- 41
- Citations by year
- 2026: 26 · 2025: 38 · 2024: 46 · 2023: 41 · 2022: 63 · 2021: 41 · 2020: 56 · 2019: 54 · 2018: 54 · 2017: 45 · 2016: 48 · 2015: 59 · 2014: 43 · 2013: 22
- FWCI
- 27.89
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- JAMA Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (ES011627, R21ES019002, P01ES011627, ES019002, L40 ES020599, ES015359, ES013578, R01ES015359, ES007048, P01ES011269, R01ES016535, ES11269, P30ES007048)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Air Quality and Health Impacts
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Environmental Justice and Health Disparities
- Keywords
- autism spectrum disorder, traffic-related air pollution, particulate matter, PM2.5, PM10, nitrogen dioxide, prenatal exposure, early childhood exposure, residential exposure assessment, air quality, autism etiology, environmental risk factors, hazardous air pollutants
- MeSH terms
- Air Pollution, Autistic Disorder, California, Child, Preschool, Environmental Monitoring, Female, Humans, Infant, Male, Nitrogen Dioxide, Pregnancy, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects, Surveys and Questionnaires, Case-Control Studies, Particulate Matter
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
