The DOI matches its Crossref record; 56 of the 56 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Effect of Anti-inflammatory Treatment on Depression, Depressive Symptoms, and Adverse Effects: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials
Open accessAbstract
IMPORTANCE: Several studies have reported antidepressant effects of anti-inflammatory treatment; however, the results have been conflicting and detrimental adverse effects may contraindicate the use of anti-inflammatory agents. OBJECTIVE: To systematically review the antidepressant and possible adverse effects of anti-inflammatory interventions. DATA SOURCES: Trials published prior to December, 31, 2013, were identified searching Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PubMed, EMBASE, PsychINFO, Clinicaltrials.gov, and relevant review articles. STUDY SELECTION: Randomized placebo-controlled trials assessing the efficacy and adverse effects of pharmacologic anti-inflammatory treatment in adults with depressive symptoms, including those who fulfilled the criteria for depression. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS: Data were extracted by 2 independent reviewers. Pooled standard mean difference (SMD) and odds ratios (ORs) were calculated. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Depression scores after treatment and adverse effects. RESULTS: Ten publications reporting on 14 trials (6262 participants) were included: 10 trials evaluated the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) (n=4,258) and 4 investigated cytokine inhibitors (n=2,004). The pooled effect estimate suggested that anti-inflammatory treatment reduced depressive symptoms (SMD, -0.34; 95% CI, -0.57 to -0.11; I2=90%) compared with placebo. This effect was observed in studies including patients with depression (SMD, -0.54; 95% CI, -1.08 to -0.01; I2=68%) and depressive symptoms (SMD, -0.27; 95% CI, -0.53 to -0.01; I2=68%). The heterogeneity of the studies was not explained by differences in inclusion of clinical depression vs depressive symptoms or use of NSAIDs vs cytokine inhibitors. Subanalyses emphasized the antidepressant properties of the selective cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor celecoxib (SMD, -0.29; 95% CI, -0.49 to -0.08; I2=73%) on remission (OR, 7.89; 95% CI, 2.94 to 21.17; I2=0%) and response (OR, 6.59; 95% CI, 2.24 to 19.42; I2=0%). Among the 6 studies reporting on adverse effects, we found no evidence of an increased number of gastrointestinal or cardiovascular events after 6 weeks or infections after 12 weeks of anti-inflammatory treatment compared with placebo. All trials were associated with a high risk of bias owing to potentially compromised internal validity. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Our analysis suggests that anti-inflammatory treatment, in particular celecoxib, decreases depressive symptoms without increased risks of adverse effects. However, a high risk of bias and high heterogeneity made the mean estimate uncertain. This study supports a proof-of-concept concerning the use of anti-inflammatory treatment in depression. Identification of subgroups that could benefit from such treatment might be warranted.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Patients who receive cytokine treatments such as IL-2 or IFN γ as part of their treatment for hepatitis or cancer often develop depressive symptoms 82”
From Major depressive disorder (2016) · cites this paper as [82]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Similarly, Kohler and colleagues found that patients prescribed celecoxib compared to placebo were 7 times more likely to respond to an antidepressant with no increased risks of GI or CV effects (155).”
From Chronic stress, neuroinflammation, and depression: an overview of pathophysiological mechanisms and emerging anti-inflammatories (2023) · cites this paper as [155]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“blockade of cytokines, such as TNF, or of inflammatory signalling pathway components, such as cyclooxygenase 2, has been shown to reduce depressive symptoms in patients with medical illnesses, including rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis and cancer, as well as in patients with major depressive disorder27–29.”
From The role of inflammation in depression: from evolutionary imperative to modern treatment target (2016) · cites this paper as [29]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Unfortunately, it appears that anti-inflammatory agents may only demonstrate effective antidepressant activity in subgroups of patients who show evidence of increased peripheral inflammation, for example individuals with medical conditions including osteoarthritis and psoriasis that are characterized by increased levels of peripheral inflammation and patients with depression with increased”
From The role of inflammation in depression: from evolutionary imperative to modern treatment target (2016) · cites this paper as [29]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIn the citing paper
“depressive symptoms are more frequent in patients with conditions involving inflammation (e.g., autoimmune diseases) and can be reversed through the use of anti-inflammatory drugs (Kojima et al., 2009; Köhler et al., 2014).”
From The interplay between stress, inflammation, and emotional attention: relevance for depression (2019) · cites this paper as Köhler et al., 2014
In the citing paper
“There is also meta-analytic evidence that anti-inflammatory treatments can be effective means for treating depression (Köhler et al., 2014).”
From The role of inflammation in core features of depression: Insights from paradigms using exogenously-induced inflammation. (2018) · cites this paper as Köhler et al., 2014
In the citing paper
“A meta-analysis of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and cytokine inhibitors suggests that anti-inflammatory treatment, in particular celecoxib, decreases depressive symptoms in individuals with major depression or with clinically significant depressive symptoms198.”
From Mechanisms and treatment of late-life depression (2019) · cites this paper as [198]
In the citing paper
“There is particular interest in how inflammatory cell types in the brain cause depressive symptoms, as anti-inflammatory treatments reduce depressive symptoms in humans [173] and chronic stress enhances inflammation in animal models [174].”
From The molecular and cellular mechanisms of depression: a focus on reward circuitry (2019) · cites this paper as [173]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses
Higgins, J. P. T., Thompson, S. G., Deeks, J. J., & Altman, D. G. (2003) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.327.7414.557 · Cited by 63,139
Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions: Cochrane Book Series
(2008) · doi:10.1002/9780470712184 · Cited by 25,048
From inflammation to sickness and depression: when the immune system subjugates the brain
Dantzer, R., O'Connor, J. C., Freund, G. G., Johnson, R. W., & Kelley, K. W. (2008) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn2297 · Cited by 7,395
Schulz (1995) · doi:10.1001/jama.1995.03520290060030 · Cited by 5,634
A Meta-Analysis of Cytokines in Major Depression
Dowlati, Y., Herrmann, N., Swardfager, W., Liu, H., Sham, L., Reim, E. K., & Lanctôt, K. L. (2010) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2009.09.033 · Cited by 4,729
Moher, D., Pham, B., Jones, A., Cook, D. J., Jadad, A. R., Moher, M., Tugwell, P., & Klassen, T. P. (1998) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(98)01085-x · Cited by 3,560
Assessing Risk of Bias in Included Studies
Higgins, J. P., & Altman, D. G. (2008) · Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions · doi:10.1002/9780470712184.ch8 · Cited by 3,396
Associations of depression with C-reactive protein, IL-1, and IL-6: a meta-analysis.
Howren, M. B., Lamkin, D. M., & Suls, J. (2009) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/psy.0b013e3181907c1b · Cited by 2,766
Gluud, L. L., Villumsen, J., & Gluud, C. N. (2001) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-135-11-200112040-00010 · Cited by 2,266
The case of the misleading funnel plot
Lau, J., Ioannidis, J. P. A., Terrin, N., Schmid, C. H., & Olkin, I. (2006) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.333.7568.597 · Cited by 1,766
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 2
- [24]24. Raison C, Rutherford RE, Woolwine B, et al. The tumor necrosis factor-alpha antagonist infliximab reduces depressive symptoms in patients with treatment resistant depression and high inflammation. Brain Behav Immun. 2012;26(suppl 1):S49. doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2012.07.200.W. · DOI
- [27]27. Hashemian F, Majd M, Hosseini SM, Sharifi A, Panahi MVS, Bigdeli O. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of celecoxib augmentation of sertraline in the treatment of a drug-naive women with major depression. Klin Psikofarmakol Bul. 2011;21:S183-S184.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 301–400 of 942
Interoception and Inflammation in Psychiatric Disorders
Savitz, J., & Harrison, N. A. (2018) · Biological Psychiatry: Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging · doi:10.1016/j.bpsc.2017.12.011 · Cited by 126
Effects of sleep deprivation on anxiety-depressive-like behavior and neuroinflammation
Cao, D., Zhao, Y., Wang, Y., Wei, D., Yan, M., Su, S., Pan, H., & Wang, Q. (2024) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2024.148916 · Cited by 45
Novel approaches for the management of depressive disorders
Kaster, M. P., Moretti, M., Cunha, M. P., & Rodrigues, A. L. S. (2015) · European Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.12.029 · Cited by 45
Polyunsaturated fatty acids and inflammatory markers in major depressive episodes during pregnancy
Chang, J. P., Lin, C.-Y., Lin, P.-Y., Shih, Y.-H., Chiu, T.-H., Ho, M., Yang, H.-T., Huang, S., Gałecki, P., & Su, K. (2017) · Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2017.05.008 · Cited by 49
Lifestyles and the risk of depression in the “Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra” cohort
Ruiz-Estigarribia, L., Martínez‐González, M. Á., Díaz‐Gutiérrez, J., Sánchez‐Villegas, A., Lahortiga‐Ramos, F., & Bes‐Rastrollo, M. (2019) · European Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.eurpsy.2019.06.002 · Cited by 47
Qin, X., Wang, W., Wu, H., Liu, D., Wang, R., Xu, J., Jiang, H., & Pan, F. (2020) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2020.104674 · Cited by 46
Li, C., Zhu, Y., Wu, Y., Fu, M.-Y., Wu, Y., Wu, Y., Qiu, Y., Zhang, H., & Ding, M. (2022) · Frontiers in Medicine · doi:10.3389/fmed.2021.813047 · Cited by 47
Correia, A. S., Cardoso, A., & Vale, N. (2021) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms22168525 · Cited by 46
Huang, L., Ma, Z., Ze, X., Zhao, X., Zhang, M., Lv, X., Zheng, Y., & Liu, H. (2023) · Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fcimb.2023.1189008 · Cited by 46
Inflammation and the Silent Sequelae of Stroke
Becker, K. J. (2016) · Neurotherapeutics · doi:10.1007/s13311-016-0451-5 · Cited by 46
Oberholzer, I., Möller, M., Holland, B. J., Dean, O. M., Berk, M., & Harvey, B. H. (2017) · Metabolic Brain Disease · doi:10.1007/s11011-017-0144-8 · Cited by 46
The antidepressant impact of minocycline in rodents: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Reis, D. J., Casteen, E. J., & Ilardi, S. S. (2019) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-018-36507-9 · Cited by 45
Marino, C., Andrade, B. F., Montplaisir, J., Petit, D., Touchette, E., Paradis, H., Côté, S., Tremblay, R., Szatmari, P., & Boivin, M. (2022) · JAMA Network Open · doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.27119 · Cited by 39
The intricate brain–body interaction in psychiatric and neurological diseases
Gregorio, F. D., & Battaglia, S. (2024) · Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine · doi:10.17219/acem/185689 · Cited by 49
Depressive disorders: Processes leading to neurogeneration and potential novel treatments
Brown, G. M., McIntyre, R. S., Rosenblat, J. D., & Hardeland, R. (2017) · Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2017.04.023 · Cited by 44
Toxoplasma gondii, Suicidal Behavior, and Intermediate Phenotypes for Suicidal Behavior
Postolache, T. T., Wadhawan, A., Rujescu, D., Hoisington, A. J., Dagdag, A., Baca‐García, E., Lowry, C. A., Okusaga, O. O., & Brenner, L. A. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2021.665682 · Cited by 47
Alamdarsaravi, M., Ghajar, A., Noorbala, A.-A., Arbabi, M., Emami, A., Shahei, F., Mirzania, M., Jafarinia, M., Afarideh, M., & Akhondzadeh, S. (2017) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2017.05.029 · Cited by 43
Hestad, K. A., Engedal, K., Whist, J. E., Aukrust, P., Farup, P. G., Mollnes, T. E., & Ueland, T. (2016) · Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment · doi:10.2147/ndt.s101925 · Cited by 42
A new perspective on depression and neuroinflammation: Non-coding RNA
Zhou, S., Chen, R., She, Y., Liu, X., Zhao, H., Li, C., & Jia, Y. (2022) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.02.007 · Cited by 42
Belzeaux-R, R., Lefebvre, M., Lazzari, A., Carpentier, T. L., Consoloni, J.-L., Zendjidjian, X. Y., Abbar, M., Courtet, P., Naudin, J., Boucraut, J., et al. (2016) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2016.10.010 · Cited by 42
The use of a gene expression signature and connectivity map to repurpose drugs for bipolar disorder
Kidnapillai, S., Bortolasci, C. C., Udawela, M., Panizzutti, B., Spolding, B., Connor, T., Sanigorski, A. J., Dean, O. M., Crowley, T. M., Jamain, S., et al. (2018) · The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1080/15622975.2018.1492734 · Cited by 42
Inflammation in Tic Disorders and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Are PANS and PANDAS a Path Forward?
Gilbert, D. L. (2019) · Journal of Child Neurology · doi:10.1177/0883073819848635 · Cited by 43
The depressogenic potential of added dietary sugars
Reis, D. J., Ilardi, S. S., Namekata, M. S., Wing, E. K., & Fowler, C. H. (2019) · Medical Hypotheses · doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2019.109421 · Cited by 45
Menke, A. (2018) · Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine · doi:10.2147/pgpm.s146110 · Cited by 41
The role of immunomodulators in treatment-resistant depression: case studies
Beckett, C. W., & Niklison-Chirou, M. V. (2022) · Cell Death Discovery · doi:10.1038/s41420-022-01147-6 · Cited by 43
Stress circuitry: mechanisms behind nervous and immune system communication that influence behavior
Tong, R. L., Kahn, U. N., Grafe, L. A., Hitti, F. L., Fried, N. T., & Corbett, B. F. (2023) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1240783 · Cited by 44
Pinzi, M., Fagiolini, A. M., Koukouna, D., Gualtieri, G., Rescalli, M. B., Pierini, C., Pardossi, S., Patrizio, B., & Cuomo, A. (2025) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells14191558 · Cited by 47
Adeoluwa, O. A., Olayinka, J. N., Adeoluwa, G. O., Akinluyi, E. T., Adeniyi, F. R., Fafure, A. A., Nebo, K. E., Edem, E. E., Eduviere, A. T., & Abubakar, B. (2023) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2023.114503 · Cited by 42
Backing into the future: pharmacological approaches to the management of resistant depression
Cowen, P. J. (2017) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s003329171700068x · Cited by 39
Inflammation and fatigue in early, untreated Parkinson's Disease
Herlofson, K., Heijnen, C. J., Lange, J., Alves, G. W., Tysnes, O., Friedman, J. H., & Fagundes, C. P. (2018) · Acta Neurologica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/ane.12977 · Cited by 40
Abdoli, A., Taghipour, A., Pirestani, M., Jahromi, M. A. M., Roustazadeh, A., Mir, H., Ardakani, H. M., Kenarkoohi, A., Falahi, S., & Karimi, M. (2020) · Heliyon · doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05645 · Cited by 38
Treating Depression to Improve Survival in Coronary Heart Disease
Carney, R. M., Freedland, K. E., & Rich, M. W. (2024) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2024.05.038 · Cited by 43
(Re)building the nervous system: A review of neuron–glia interactions from development to disease
Demmings, M. D., Chagas, L. D. S., Traetta, M. E., Rodrigues, R. S., Acutain, M. F., Barykin, E. P., Datusalia, A. K., German‐Castelan, L., Mattera, V. S., Mazengenya, P., et al. (2024) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/jnc.16258 · Cited by 44
Gui, S., Liu, Y., Zhong, X., Liu, X., Zheng, P., Pu, J., Zhou, J., Chen, J., Zhao, L., Liu, L., et al. (2018) · Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment · doi:10.2147/ndt.s164134 · Cited by 39
Carlier, A., Berkhof, J. G., Rozing, M. P., Bouckaert, F., Sienaert, P. A., Eikelenboom, P., Veerhuis, R., Vandenbulcke, M., Berkhof, J. H., Stek, M. L., et al. (2019) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2019.06.040 · Cited by 39
Developing symptom clusters: linking inflammatory biomarkers to depressive symptom profiles
Franklyn, S. I., Stewart, J., Beaurepaire, C., Thaw, E., & McQuaid, R. J. (2022) · Translational Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41398-022-01900-6 · Cited by 39
Jaehne, E. J., Corrigan, F., Toben, C. G., Jawahar, M. C., & Baune, B. T. (2015) · Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.pbb.2015.05.021 · Cited by 40
Mondin, T. C., Cardoso, T. D. A., Moreira, F. P., Wiener, C. D., Oses, J. P., Souza, L. D. D. M., Jansen, K., Magalhães, P. V. D. S., Kapczinski, F. P., & da Silva, R. A. (2016) · Journal of Neuroimmunology · doi:10.1016/j.jneuroim.2016.10.012 · Cited by 38
Xu, S., Xie, X., Yao, L., Wang, W. J., Zhang, H., Chen, M., Sun, S., Nie, Z., Nagy, C., & Liu, Z. (2023) · Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences · doi:10.1111/pcn.13596 · Cited by 42
Immune signatures and disorder-specific patterns in a cross-disorder gene expression analysis
de Jong, S., Newhouse, S., Patel, H., Lee, S., Dempster, D., Curtis, C. J. C., Paya-Cano, J. L., Murphy, D., Wilson, C., Horder, J., et al. (2016) · The British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.bp.115.175471 · Cited by 37
Blood-based biomarkers predicting response to antidepressants
Busch, Y., & Menke, A. (2018) · Journal of Neural Transmission · doi:10.1007/s00702-018-1844-x · Cited by 36
Pathologic role of nitrergic neurotransmission in mood disorders
Ghasemi, M., Claunch, J. D., & Niu, K. (2018) · Progress in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/j.pneurobio.2018.06.002 · Cited by 37
Zhong, Q., Yu, H. M., Huang, C., Zhong, J., Wang, H., Xu, J., & Cheng, Y. (2018) · Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2018.10.017 · Cited by 37
Integrating the monoamine and cytokine hypotheses of depression: Is histamine the missing link?
Hersey, M., Hashemi, P., & Reagan, L. P. (2021) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/ejn.15392 · Cited by 41
Raison, C. L. (2016) · Current Topics in Behavioral Neurosciences · doi:10.1007/7854_2016_26 · Cited by 36
Islam, M. R., Sohan, M., Daria, S., Masud, A. A., Ahmed, M. U., Roy, A., & Shahriar, M. (2023) · International Journal of Immunopathology and Pharmacology · doi:10.1177/03946320231198828 · Cited by 41
Vizlin‐Hodzic, D., Zhai, Q., Illes, S., Södersten, K., Truvé, K., Parris, T. Z., Sobhan, P. K., Salmela, S., Kosalai, S. T., Kanduri, C., et al. (2017) · Translational Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/tp.2016.284 · Cited by 35
Herder, C., SCHMITT, A. J., Budden, F., Reimer, A., Kulzer, B., Roden, M., Haak, T., & Hermanns, N. (2018) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2018.02.032 · Cited by 35
Trageser, K. J., Sebastian-Valverde, M., Naughton, S. X., & Pasinetti, G. M. (2020) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00704 · Cited by 36
Maffioletti, E., Minelli, A., Tardito, D., & Gennarelli, M. (2020) · Genes · doi:10.3390/genes11091089 · Cited by 36
Perkins, J. D., Wilkins, S. S., Kamran, S., & Shuaib, A. M. (2021) · Neurobiology of Stress · doi:10.1016/j.ynstr.2021.100332 · Cited by 38
Wang, Q., Yan, K., Li, K.-D., Gao, L., Wang, X., Liu, H., Zhang, Z., Li, K., & Cui, Y. (2021) · Phytomedicine · doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153735 · Cited by 37
León‐Rodríguez, A., Fernández‐Arjona, M. D. M., Grondona, J. M., Pedraza, C., & López-Ávalos, M. D. (2022) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-022-15617-5 · Cited by 41
Hennessy, M. B., Chun, K., & Capitanio, J. P. (2016) · Social Neuroscience · doi:10.1080/17470919.2016.1145595 · Cited by 36
Herder, C., Fürstos, J.-F., Nowotny, B., Begun, A., Straßburger, K., Müssig, K., Szendroedi, J., Icks, A., & Roden, M. (2016) · Brain Behavior and Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2016.12.025 · Cited by 35
Abautret-Daly, Á., Dempsey, E., Riestra, S., de Francisco-García, R., Parra‐Blanco, A., Rodrigo, L., Medina, C., Connor, T. J., & Harkin, A. (2017) · International Journal of Psychiatry in Clinical Practice · doi:10.1080/13651501.2017.1306081 · Cited by 36
Furuyashiki, T., & Kitaoka, S. (2019) · Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences · doi:10.1111/pcn.12901 · Cited by 35
Inflammation is associated with future depressive symptoms among older adults
Bondy, E., Norton, S. A., Voss, M., Marks, R. B., Boudreaux, M. J., Treadway, M. T., Oltmanns, T. F., & Bogdan, R. (2021) · Brain Behavior & Immunity - Health · doi:10.1016/j.bbih.2021.100226 · Cited by 35
Perspectives on the complex links between depression and dementia
Hakim, A. M. (2022) · Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnagi.2022.821866 · Cited by 34
Luo, Y., Kuang, S., Xue, L., & Yang, J. (2016) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2016.09.010 · Cited by 35
Anti-inflammatory treatment and risk for depression
Wium‐Andersen, I. K., Wium‐Andersen, M. K., Jørgensen, M. B., & Osler, M. (2017) · Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience · doi:10.1503/jpn160244 · Cited by 36
Neuroimmune Biomarkers in Mental Illness
Herron, J. W., Nerurkar, L., & Cavanagh, J. (2018) · Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · doi:10.1007/7854_2018_45 · Cited by 35
Lee, S. T. H. (2020) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112809 · Cited by 34
Behavioral Symptoms after Breast Cancer Treatment: A Biobehavioral Approach
Fagundes, C. P., LeRoy, A. S., & Karuga, M. (2015) · Journal of Personalized Medicine · doi:10.3390/jpm5030280 · Cited by 34
Yang, C., Bosker, F. J., Li, J., & Schoevers, R. A. (2018) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-018-1845-1 · Cited by 34
Köhler, O., Sylvia, L. G., Bowden, C. L., Calabrese, J. R., Thase, M., Shelton, R. C., McInnis, M., Tohen, M., Kocsis, J. H., Ketter, T. A., et al. (2017) · Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/0004867416644508 · Cited by 33
Synaptic Microenvironment in Depressive Disorder: Insights from Synaptic Plasticity
Ren, F., & Guo, R. (2021) · Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment · doi:10.2147/ndt.s268012 · Cited by 32
Hughes, F. M., Odom, M. R., Cervantes, A., Livingston, A. J., & Purves, J. T. (2023) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms24032821 · Cited by 33
A multispecies approach for understanding neuroimmune mechanisms of stress
Deak, T., Kudinova, A. Y., Lovelock, D. F., Gibb, B. E., & Hennessy, M. B. (2017) · Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience · doi:10.31887/dcns.2017.19.1/tdeak · Cited by 33
Drug repurposing may generate novel approaches to treating depression
Ebada, M. E. (2017) · Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology · doi:10.1111/jphp.12815 · Cited by 36
Seo, J. Y., & Chao, Y. (2017) · Journal of Gerontological Nursing · doi:10.3928/00989134-20171024-01 · Cited by 36
A joint study of whole exome sequencing and structural MRI analysis in major depressive disorder
Zhang, Y., Li, M., Wang, Q., Hsu, J. S., Deng, W., Ma, X., Ni, P., Zhao, L., Tian, Y., Sham, P. C., et al. (2019) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291719000072 · Cited by 33
Regulska, M., Szuster-Głuszczak, M., Trojan, E., Leśkiewicz, M., & Basta‐Kaim, A. (2020) · Current Neuropharmacology · doi:10.2174/1570159x18666200807144530 · Cited by 62
Challenges in researching the immune pathways between early life adversity and psychopathology
Reid, B. M., & Danese, A. (2020) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579420001157 · Cited by 37
Do Statins Have Antidepressant Effects?
Köhler-Forsberg, O., Gasse, C., Berk, M., & Østergaard, S. D. (2017) · CNS Drugs · doi:10.1007/s40263-017-0422-3 · Cited by 31
Hole, C., Dhamsania, A., Brown, C., & Ryznar, R. J. (2025) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells14080607 · Cited by 37
Su, Q., Tao, W., Huang, H., Du, Y., Chu, X., & Chen, G. (2016) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2016.04.002 · Cited by 32
Ano, Y., Kita, M., Kitaoka, S., & Furuyashiki, T. (2019) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu11092161 · Cited by 33
Kabra, A., Garg, R., Brimson, J. M., Živković, J., Almawash, S., Ayaz, M., Nawaz, A., Hassan, S. S. U., & BUNGAU, S. G. (2022) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2022.1046599 · Cited by 36
Farooq, S., Tunmore, J., & Comber, R. (2021) · Chronic Respiratory Disease · doi:10.1177/14799731211003937 · Cited by 31
Abdallah, C., Averill, L. A., Gueorguieva, R., Goktas, S., Purohit, P., Ranganathan, M., D'Souza, D. C., Formica, R., Southwick, S. M., Duman, R. S., et al. (2018) · doi:10.1101/500959 · Cited by 30
Su, W., Ju, J., Gu, M., Wang, X., Liu, S., Yu, J., & Mu, D.-L. (2023) · Journal of Neuroinflammation · doi:10.1186/s12974-023-02786-x · Cited by 33
Refisch, A., Şen, Z. D., Klassert, T. E., Busch, A., Besteher, B., Danyeli, L. V., Helbing, D. L., Schulze‐Späte, U., Stallmach, A., Bauer, M. W., et al. (2023) · Neuropharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2023.109568 · Cited by 33
Targeting inflammatory pathways for treatment of the major depressive disorder
Patil, C. R., Gawli, C., & Bhatt, S. (2023) · Drug Discovery Today · doi:10.1016/j.drudis.2023.103697 · Cited by 33
Zhao, Y., Xu, D., Wang, J., Zhou, D., Liu, A., Sun, Y., Yuan, Y., Li, J., & Guo, W.-F. (2023) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2023.1257617 · Cited by 32
Antoine Lefrere, A., Burtey, S., Bobot, S., Belzeaux-R, R., & Bobot, M. (2025) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2025.115467 · Cited by 30
Nashed, M. G., Ungard, R. G., Young, K., Zacal, N., Seidlitz, E. P., Fazzari, J., Frey, B. N., & Singh, G. (2017) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep41382 · Cited by 32
Cyclooxygenase Inhibition Safety and Efficacy in Inflammation-Based Psychiatric Disorders
Perrone, M. G., Centonze, A., Miciaccia, M., Ferorelli, S., & Scilimati, A. (2020) · Molecules · doi:10.3390/molecules25225388 · Cited by 31
Update on Statin Treatment in Patients with Neuropsychiatric Disorders
Avan, R., Sahebnasagh, A., Hashemi, J., Monajati, M., Faramarzi, F., Henney, N. C., Montecucco, F., Jamialahmadi, T., & Sahebkar, A. (2021) · Life · doi:10.3390/life11121365 · Cited by 34
Strekalova, T. V., Pavlov, D., Трофимов, А. Н., Anthony, D. C., Svistunov, A. A., Proshin, A. T., Umriukhin, A., Lyundup, A. V., Lesch, K., & Cespuglio, R. (2022) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms23042061 · Cited by 31
Networks of inflammation, depression, and cognition in aging males and females
Chalmers, R. A., Cervin, M., Choo, C. C., Baune, B. T., Trollor, J. N., Numbers, K. T., Sachdev, P. S., Brodaty, H., Kochan, N. A., & Medvedev, O. N. (2022) · Aging Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1007/s40520-022-02198-6 · Cited by 37
Karakuła‐Juchnowicz, H., Gałęcka, M., Róg, J., Bartnicka, A., Łukaszewicz, Z., Krukow, P., Morylowska-Topolska, J., Skonieczna‐Żydecka, K., Krajka, T., Jonak, K., et al. (2018) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu10050548 · Cited by 30
van Belkum, S. M., Bosker, F. J., Kortekaas, R., Beersma, D. G. M., & Schoevers, R. A. (2016) · Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2016.07.006 · Cited by 29
Clinical Implications of Cancer Related Inflammation and Depression: A Critical Review
McFarland, D. C., Riba, M., & Grassi, L. G. (2021) · Clinical Practice and Epidemiology in Mental Health · doi:10.2174/1745017902117010287 · Cited by 32
Parente, J., Gianlorenço, A. C., Rebello‐Sanchez, I., Kim, M., Prati, J. M., Kim, C. K., Choi, S., Song, J., & Fregni, F. (2023) · The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1093/ijnp/pyad058 · Cited by 30
Gong, H., Su, W., Deng, S., Luo, J., Du, Z., Luo, Y., Lv, K., Zhu, D.-M., & Fan, X. (2025) · Translational Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41398-025-03317-3 · Cited by 32
Tateishi, H., Mizoguchi, Y., Kawaguchi, A., Imamura, Y., Matsushima, J., Kunitake, H., Murakawa‐Hirachi, T., Haraguchi, Y., Kunitake, Y., Maekawa, T., et al. (2020) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112995 · Cited by 29
Basal and LPS-stimulated inflammatory markers and the course of anxiety symptoms
van Eeden, W. A., Filali, E. E., van Hemert, A. M., Carlier, I. V. E., Penninx, B. W. J. H., Lamers, F., Schoevers, R. A., & Giltay, E. J. (2021) · Brain Behavior and Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2021.09.001 · Cited by 30
Inflammatory cytokines and callosal white matter microstructure in adolescents
Ho, T. C., Kulla, A., Teresi, G. I., Sisk, L. M., Rosenberg‐Hasson, Y., Maecker, H. T., & Gotlib, I. H. (2021) · Brain Behavior and Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2021.12.003 · Cited by 30
Xiao, X., Zhang, H., Ning, W., Yang, Z. R., Wang, Y., & Zhang, T. (2022) · Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2022.114060 · Cited by 29
Metadata
- Authors
- Köhler, O., Benros, M. E., Nordentoft, M., Farkouh, M. E., Iyengar, R. L., Mors, O., & Krogh, J.
- Affiliations
- Research Department P, Aarhus University Hospital, Risskov, Denmark2Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus University Hospital, Risskov, Denmark
- University of Copenhagen (DK)
- St. George's University (GD)
- Venue
- JAMA Psychiatry
- Publisher
- American Medical Association (AMA)
- Published
- 2014-12-01
- Volume
- 71
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 1381
- ISSN
- 2168-622X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2156150528
- Semantic Scholar
- 04c60d39fcaf20a7ee393c91def9fcd0fd3f10fc
- Cited by
- 941
- References
- 56
- Citations by year
- 2026: 48 · 2025: 62 · 2024: 74 · 2023: 81 · 2022: 88 · 2021: 106 · 2020: 94 · 2019: 85 · 2018: 104 · 2017: 85 · 2016: 70 · 2015: 43 · 2014: 1
- FWCI
- 20.40
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- pure.au.dk
- Locations
- JAMA Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research at the University of Copenhagen (University of Copenhagen) (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Lundbeckfonden (R155-2014-1724)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Biological Psychiatry › Tryptophan and brain disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology (medical) › Treatment of Major Depression
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Keywords
- anti-inflammatory therapy, depression, depressive symptoms, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, cytokine inhibitors, celecoxib, COX-2 inhibitors, antidepressant effects, adverse effects, remission, treatment response, adults with depression
- MeSH terms
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Depression, Humans, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
