CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 331Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and PostpartumPregnancy and Medication ImpactPosttraumatic Stress Disorder Research

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 65 of the 65 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Pregnant Women With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Risk of Preterm Birth

Open access
Yonkers, Kimberly Ann, Smith, Megan V., Forray, Ariadna, Epperson, C. Neill, Costello, Darce, Lin, Haiqun, Belanger, Kathleen·2014·JAMA Psychiatry
DOI 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2014.558PMC PMC4134929
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

IMPORTANCE: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) occurs in about 8% of pregnant women. Stressful conditions, including PTSD, are inconsistently linked to preterm birth. Psychotropic treatment has been frequently associated with preterm birth. Identifying whether the psychiatric illness or its treatment is independently associated with preterm birth may help clinicians and patients when making management decisions. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether a likely diagnosis of PTSD or antidepressant and benzodiazepine treatment during pregnancy is associated with risk of preterm birth. We hypothesized that pregnant women who likely had PTSD and women receiving antidepressant or anxiolytic treatment would be more likely to experience preterm birth. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Longitudinal, prospective cohort study of 2654 women who were recruited before 17 completed weeks of pregnancy from 137 obstetrical practices in Connecticut and Western Massachusetts. EXPOSURES: Posttraumatic stress disorder, major depressive episode, and use of antidepressant and benzodiazepine medications. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Preterm birth, operationalized as delivery prior to 37 completed weeks of pregnancy. Likely psychiatric diagnoses were generated through administration of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview and the Modified PTSD Symptom Scale. Data on medication use were gathered at each participant interview. RESULTS: Recursive partitioning analysis showed elevated rates of preterm birth among women with PTSD. A further split of the PTSD node showed high rates for women who met criteria for a major depressive episode, which suggests an interaction between these 2 exposures. Logistic regression analysis confirmed risk for women who likely had both conditions (odds ratio [OR], 4.08 [95% CI, 1.27-13.15]). For each point increase on the Modified PTSD Symptom Scale (range, 0-110), the risk of preterm birth increased by 1% to 2%. The odds of preterm birth are high for women who used a serotonin reuptake inhibitor (OR, 1.55 [95% CI, 1.02-2.36]) and women who used a benzodiazepine medication (OR, 1.99 [95% CI, 0.98-4.03]). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Women with likely diagnoses of both PTSD and a major depressive episode are at a 4-fold increased risk of preterm birth; this risk is greater than, and independent of, antidepressant and benzodiazepine use and is not simply a function of mood or anxiety symptoms.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2014.558

Cites

65 of 65 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Cited by

Sorted by citations

See all 331

Related

See all

Metadata

Authors
Yonkers, K. A., Smith, M. V., Forray, A., Epperson, C. N., Costello, D., Lin, H., & Belanger, K.
Affiliations
  • Yale University (US)
  • University of Pennsylvania (US)
  • Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
Corresponding author
Yonkers, Kimberly Ann
ORCID
Venue
JAMA Psychiatry
Publisher
American Medical Association (AMA)
Published
2014-08-01
Volume
71
Issue
8
Pages
897
ISSN
2168-622X (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2014.558
PMC
PMC4134929
OpenAlex
W2170547299
Cited by
331
References
65
Citations by year
2026: 10 · 2025: 26 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 21 · 2020: 62 · 2019: 23 · 2018: 20 · 2017: 78 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 21 · 2014: 3
FWCI
38.96
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • JAMA Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health (UL1TR000142)
  • National Institute of Mental Health (P50MH099910, T32MH014235)
  • National Institute on Drug Abuse (K12DA031050, K24DA030301, R01DA019135)
  • National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences
  • Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R01HD045735)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Pregnancy and Medication Impact
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
Keywords
post-traumatic stress disorder, preterm birth, pregnancy, major depressive episode, antidepressant use, benzodiazepine use, serotonin reuptake inhibitors, anxiolytics, psychiatric comorbidity, maternal mental health, drug safety in pregnancy, Composite International Diagnostic Interview, preterm birth risk factors
MeSH terms
Adult, Antidepressive Agents, Benzodiazepines, Connecticut, Major Depressive Disorder, Female, Humans, Massachusetts, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Complications, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Comorbidity, Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors, Risk Assessment, Premature Birth

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review