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Interventions for increasing the use of shared decision making by healthcare professionals

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Légaré, France, Adekpedjou, Rhéda, Stacey, Dawn, Turcotte, Stéphane, Kryworuchko, Jennifer, Graham, Ian D, Lyddiatt, Anne, Politi, Mary C, Thomson, Richard, Elwyn, Glyn, Donner-Banzhoff, Norbert·2018·Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

DOI 10.1002/14651858.cd006732.pub4PMC PMC6513543

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Shared decision making (SDM) is a process by which a healthcare choice is made by the patient, significant others, or both with one or more healthcare professionals. However, it has not yet been widely adopted in practice. This is the second update of this Cochrane review. OBJECTIVES: To determine the effectiveness of interventions for increasing the use of SDM by healthcare professionals. We considered interventions targeting patients, interventions targeting healthcare professionals, and interventions targeting both. SEARCH METHODS: We searched CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase and five other databases on 15 June 2017. We also searched two clinical trials registries and proceedings of relevant conferences. We checked reference lists and contacted study authors to identify additional studies. SELECTION CRITERIA: Randomized and non-randomized trials, controlled before-after studies and interrupted time series studies evaluating interventions for increasing the use of SDM in which the primary outcomes were evaluated using observer-based or patient-reported measures. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: We used standard methodological procedures expected by Cochrane.We used GRADE to assess the certainty of the evidence. MAIN RESULTS: We included 87 studies (45,641 patients and 3113 healthcare professionals) conducted mainly in the USA, Germany, Canada and the Netherlands. Risk of bias was high or unclear for protection against contamination, low for differences in the baseline characteristics of patients, and unclear for other domains.Forty-four studies evaluated interventions targeting patients. They included decision aids, patient activation, question prompt lists and training for patients among others and were administered alone (single intervention) or in combination (multifaceted intervention). The certainty of the evidence was very low. It is uncertain if interventions targeting patients when compared with usual care increase SDM whether measured by observation (standardized mean difference (SMD) 0.54, 95% confidence interval (CI) -0.13 to 1.22; 4 studies; N = 424) or reported by patients (SMD 0.32, 95% CI 0.16 to 0.48; 9 studies; N = 1386; risk difference (RD) -0.09, 95% CI -0.19 to 0.01; 6 studies; N = 754), reduce decision regret (SMD -0.10, 95% CI -0.39 to 0.19; 1 study; N = 212), improve physical (SMD 0.00, 95% CI -0.36 to 0.36; 1 study; N = 116) or mental health-related quality of life (QOL) (SMD 0.10, 95% CI -0.26 to 0.46; 1 study; N = 116), affect consultation length (SMD 0.10, 95% CI -0.39 to 0.58; 2 studies; N = 224) or cost (SMD 0.82, 95% CI 0.42 to 1.22; 1 study; N = 105).It is uncertain if interventions targeting patients when compared with interventions of the same type increase SDM whether measured by observation (SMD 0.88, 95% CI 0.39 to 1.37; 3 studies; N = 271) or reported by patients (SMD 0.03, 95% CI -0.18 to 0.24; 11 studies; N = 1906); (RD 0.03, 95% CI -0.02 to 0.08; 10 studies; N = 2272); affect consultation length (SMD -0.65, 95% CI -1.29 to -0.00; 1 study; N = 39) or costs. No data were reported for decision regret, physical or mental health-related QOL.Fifteen studies evaluated interventions targeting healthcare professionals. They included educational meetings, educational material, educational outreach visits and reminders among others. The certainty of evidence is very low. It is uncertain if these interventions when compared with usual care increase SDM whether measured by observation (SMD 0.70, 95% CI 0.21 to 1.19; 6 studies; N = 479) or reported by patients (SMD 0.03, 95% CI -0.15 to 0.20; 5 studies; N = 5772); (RD 0.01, 95%C: -0.03 to 0.06; 2 studies; N = 6303); reduce decision regret (SMD 0.29, 95% CI 0.07 to 0.51; 1 study; N = 326), affect consultation length (SMD 0.51, 95% CI 0.21 to 0.81; 1 study, N = 175), cost (no data available) or physical health-related QOL (SMD 0.16, 95% CI -0.05 to 0.36; 1 study; N = 359). Mental health-related QOL may slightly improve (SMD 0.28, 95% CI 0.07 to 0.49; 1 study, N = 359; low-certainty evidence).It is uncertain if interventions targeting healthcare professionals compared to interventions of the same type increase SDM whether measured by observation (SMD -0.30, 95% CI -1.19 to 0.59; 1 study; N = 20) or reported by patients (SMD 0.24, 95% CI -0.10 to 0.58; 2 studies; N = 1459) as the certainty of the evidence is very low. There was insufficient information to determine the effect on decision regret, physical or mental health-related QOL, consultation length or costs.Twenty-eight studies targeted both patients and healthcare professionals. The interventions used a combination of patient-mediated and healthcare professional directed interventions. Based on low certainty evidence, it is uncertain whether these interventions, when compared with usual care, increase SDM whether measured by observation (SMD 1.10, 95% CI 0.42 to 1.79; 6 studies; N = 1270) or reported by patients (SMD 0.13, 95% CI -0.02 to 0.28; 7 studies; N = 1479); (RD -0.01,

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Authors: Légaré, F., Adekpedjou, R., Stacey, D., Turcotte, S., Kryworuchko, J., Graham, I. D., Lyddiatt, A., Politi, M. C., Thomson, R., Elwyn, G., & Donner-Banzhoff, N.
Affiliations: Université Laval (CA)
University of Ottawa (CA)
Hôpital Saint-François d'Assise (CA)
University of British Columbia (CA)
No affiliation; 28 Greenwood Road Ingersoll ON Canada N5C 3N1
Washington University in St. Louis (US)
Newcastle University (GB)
Cochrane (GB)
University of Marburg; Department of Family Medicine / General Practice; Karl-von-Frisch-Str. 4 Marburg Germany D-35039
ORCID: Légaré, France
Adekpedjou, Rhéda
Stacey, Dawn
Turcotte, Stéphane
Kryworuchko, Jennifer
Graham, Ian D
Lyddiatt, Anne
Politi, Mary C
Elwyn, Glyn
Venue: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 2018-07-19
Volume: 2018
Issue: 7
Pages: CD006732-CD006732
ISSN: 1361-6137 (ISSN-L)
1465-1858
DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd006732.pub4
PMC: PMC6513543
OpenAlex: W2884603128
Cited by: 698
References: 205
Citations by year: 2026: 34 · 2025: 120 · 2024: 124 · 2023: 94 · 2022: 99 · 2021: 95 · 2020: 67 · 2019: 54 · 2018: 8
FWCI: 10.20
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Locations: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Patient-Provider Communication in Healthcare
Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Health Policy Implementation Science
Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Palliative Care and End-of-Life Issues
Keywords: shared decision-making, healthcare workers, intervention, decision aids, patient activation, patient education, patient-provider communication, decision regret, patient satisfaction, patient-reported outcomes, patient-centered care, implementation of shared decision making, multicomponent intervention, contamination risk, risk of bias, quality of evidence, patient engagement, patient participation
MeSH terms: Decision Making, Decision Support Techniques, Health Personnel, Humans, Patient Education as Topic, Patient Participation, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic

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Interventions for increasing the use of shared decision making by healthcare professionals

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