In Vitro Modeling of Atherosclerosis Using iPSC‐Derived Blood Vessel Organoids
Abstract
As modeling of atherosclerosis requires recapitulating complex interactions with vasculature and immune cells, previous in vitro models have limitations due to their insufficient 3D vascular structures. However, induced pluripotent stem cell-derived blood vessel organoids (BVOs) are applicable for modeling vascular diseases, containing multiple cell types, including endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells self-assembled into a blood vessel structure. Atherosclerotic BVOs with a microenvironment associated with atherogenesis, such as shear stress, low-density lipoprotein, pro-inflammatory cytokine, and monocyte co-culture are successfully developed. In atherosclerotic BVOs, representative atherosclerotic phenotypes, including endothelial dysfunction, inflammatory responses, formation of foam cells and fibrous plaque, and moreover, calcification of the plaques are observed. To verify the drug response in this model, it is treated with clinically used lovastatin and confirm phenotype attenuation. Furthermore, the therapeutic efficacy of nano-sized graphene oxides (NGOs) is evaluated on atherosclerosis. Due to their anti-inflammatory effects, NGOs effectively alleviate the pathologic lesions in atherosclerotic BVOs by promoting macrophage polarization toward M2. These results suggest that atherosclerotic BVOs are advanced in vitro models suitable for drug discovery and elucidation of therapeutic mechanisms. From the perspective of precision medicine, this platform using pati…
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Vascular-associated inflammatory readouts are relevant to inflammatory skin pathophysiology.
“An important feature of the VSA system is its ability to assess vascular-associated inflammatory readouts, which are relevant to inflammatory skin pathophysiology [40][41][42] .”
From Vascularized human skin assembloids model compartmental skin organization and immune responsiveness in vitro (2026) · cites this paper as [42]
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- Authors
- Kong, D., Ryu, J., Shin, N., Lee, S., Kim, N. G., Kim, H., Kim, M., Choi, J., Kim, D., & Kang, K.
- Affiliations
- Seoul National University (KR)
- Adult Stem Cell Research Center and Research Institute for Veterinary Science College of Veterinary Medicine Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
- Sungshin Women's University (KR)
- Corresponding author
- Kim, Da‐Hyun
- Kang, Kyung‐Sun
- Venue
- Advanced Healthcare Materials
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2024-11-24
- Volume
- 14
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- e2400919-e2400919
- ISSN
- 2192-2640 (ISSN-L)
- 2192-2659
- OpenAlex
- W4404656966
- Cited by
- 36
- References
- 87
- Citations by year
- 2026: 25 · 2025: 11
- FWCI
- 5.98
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Advanced Healthcare Materials (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Atherosclerosis and Cardiovascular Diseases
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Pluripotent Stem Cells Research
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › 3D Printing in Biomedical Research
- Keywords
- atherosclerosis, blood vessel organoids, induced pluripotent stem cells, endothelial dysfunction, foam cells, fibrous plaque, plaque calcification, low-density lipoprotein, shear stress, lovastatin, graphene oxide nanoparticles, macrophage polarization, M2 macrophages, anti-inflammatory therapy, drug screening, precision medicine
- MeSH terms
- Blood Vessels, Humans, Lovastatin, Organoids, Coculture Techniques, Atherosclerosis, Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
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