Revealing the Origins of 3D Anisotropic Thermal Conductivities of Black Phosphorus
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Black phosphorus (BP) has emerged as a direct bandgap semiconducting material with great application potentials in electronics, photonics, and energy conversion. Experimental characterization of the anisotropic thermal properties of BP at the micrometer scale is extremely challenging. This study reports measurement results of the anisotropic thermal conductivity of BP along three primary crystalline orientations, using a novel time‐resolved magneto‐optical Kerr effect. The thermal conductivity along the zigzag crystalline direction is 84–101 W m−1 K−1, nearly three times as large as that along the armchair direction (26–36 W m−1 K−1). The through‐plane thermal conductivity of BP ranges from 4.3 to 5.5 W m−1 K−1. This study performs first‐principles calculation to predict the phonon transport in BP along both in‐plane through‐plane directions, and identifies that the strong anisotropy of thermal transport in BP can be attributed to the structural‐asymmetry‐induced group velocity variations along different crystalline orientations, and the relaxation time variation induced by the direction of the applied temperature gradient. This work successfully unveils the fundamental mechanisms of anisotropic thermal transport along the three crystalline directions in BP, as demonstrated by the excellent agreement between the first‐principles‐based theoretical predictions and experimental characterizations on the anisotropic thermal conductivities of BP.
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Both the M+ and M- signals in Figure 13(a) show observable oscillations in the short delay time range up to 500 ps, which was attributed by the authors to Brillouin scattering.
“Note that both the M+ and Msignals in Figure 13(a) show observable oscillations in the short delay time range up to 500 ps (see the inset of Figure 13(a)), which was attributed by the authors to the Brillouin scattering. 151”
From Tutorial: Time-domain thermoreflectance (TDTR) for thermal property characterization of bulk and thin film materials (2018) · cites this paper as [151]
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Zhu, J., Park, H., Chen, J., Gu, X., Zhang, H., Karthikeyan, S., Wendel, N., Campbell, S. A., Dawber, M., Du, X., Li, M., Wang, J., Yang, R., & Wang, X.
- Affiliations
- University of Minnesota (US)
- Stony Brook University (US)
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN 55455 USA
- University of Colorado Boulder (US)
- Corresponding author
- Wang, Xiaojia
- ORCID
- Venue
- Advanced Electronic Materials
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2016-03-14
- Volume
- 2
- Issue
- 5
- ISSN
- 2199-160X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3104194081
- Cited by
- 108
- References
- 45
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 10
- FWCI
- 7.57
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- arxiv.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Advanced Electronic Materials (publishedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University)
- Funders
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (51336009, 51206167)
- NSF (DMR-1334867)
- National Science Foundation (1511195)
- MARCO
- DARPA
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Materials Chemistry › Thermal properties of materials
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Materials Chemistry › 2D Materials and Applications
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Civil and Structural Engineering › Thermal Radiation and Cooling Technologies
- Keywords
- black phosphorus, anisotropic thermal conductivity, phonon transport, time-resolved magneto-optical Kerr effect, armchair and zigzag directions, through-plane thermal conductivity, phonon group velocity, phonon relaxation time, direct bandgap semiconductors, thermal transport mechanisms
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