Cited by 129Electrocatalysts for Energy ConversionGraphene research and applicationsAdvanced Photocatalysis Techniques

Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Fluorine Tri‐doped Graphene as a Multifunctional Catalyst for Self‐Powered Electrochemical Water Splitting

Zhang, Jintao, Dai, Liming·2016·Angewandte Chemie

Abstract

Electrocatalysts are required for clean energy technologies (for example, water‐splitting and metal‐air batteries). The development of a multifunctional electrocatalyst composed of nitrogen, phosphorus, and fluorine tri‐doped graphene is reported, which was obtained by thermal activation of a mixture of polyaniline‐coated graphene oxide and ammonium hexafluorophosphate (AHF). It was found that thermal decomposition of AHF provides nitrogen, phosphorus, and fluorine sources for tri‐doping with N, P, and F, and simultaneously facilitates template‐free formation of porous structures as a result of thermal gas evolution. The resultant N, P, and F tri‐doped graphene exhibited excellent electrocatalytic activities for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), oxygen evolution reaction (OER), and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). The trifunctional metal‐free catalyst was further used as an OER–HER bifunctional catalyst for oxygen and hydrogen gas production in an electrochemical water‐splitting unit, which was powered by an integrated Zn–air battery based on an air electrode made from the same electrocatalyst for ORR. The integrated unit, fabricated from the newly developed N, P, and F tri‐doped graphene multifunctional metal‐free catalyst, can operate in ambient air with a high gas production rate of 0.496 and 0.254 μL s−1 for hydrogen and oxygen gas, respectively, showing great potential for practical applications.

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Crossref · 10.1002/ange.201607405

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Authors
Zhang, J., & Dai, L.
Affiliations
  • Shandong University (CN)
  • Case Western Reserve University (US)
Corresponding author
Dai, Liming
Venue
Angewandte Chemie
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2016-10-06
Volume
128
Issue
42
Pages
13490-13494
ISSN
  • 0044-8249 (ISSN-L)
  • 1521-3757
OpenAlex
W4248771041
Cited by
129
References
44
Citations by year
2026: 5 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 33 · 2017: 20
FWCI
6.33
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
Angewandte Chemie (publishedVersion)
Funders
National Science Foundation (CMMI-1400274, CMMI-1266295, DMR 1106160)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Energy › Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment › Electrocatalysts for Energy Conversion
  • Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Materials Chemistry › Graphene research and applications
  • Physical Sciences › Energy › Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment › Advanced Photocatalysis Techniques
Keywords
multifunctional electrocatalysts, oxygen reduction reaction, oxygen evolution reaction, hydrogen evolution reaction, metal-free electrocatalysts, zinc-air batteries, ammonium hexafluorophosphate, thermal decomposition, porous graphene

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