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Renal‐clearable Molecular Semiconductor for Second Near‐Infrared Fluorescence Imaging of Kidney Dysfunction
Open accessAbstract
Real‐time imaging of kidney function is important to assess the nephrotoxicity of drugs and monitor the progression of renal diseases; however, it remains challenging because of the lack of optical agents with high renal clearance and high signal‐to‐background ratio (SBR). Herein, a second near‐infrared (NIR‐II) fluorescent molecular semiconductor (CDIR2) is synthesized for real‐time imaging of kidney dysfunction in living mice. CDIR2 not only has a high renal clearance efficiency (≈90 % injection dosage at 24 h post‐injection), but also solely undergoes glomerular filtration into urine without being reabsorbed and secreted in renal tubules. Such a unidirectional renal clearance pathway of CDIR2 permits real‐time monitoring of kidney dysfunction in living mice upon nephrotoxic exposure. Thus, this study not only introduces a molecular renal probe but also provides useful molecular guidelines to increase the renal clearance efficiency of NIR‐II fluorescent agents.
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“The CDIR2 probe was the first SWIR fluorogen used for a real-time evaluation of renal function in living animals.”
From The Pursuit of Shortwave Infrared-Emitting Nanoparticles with Bright Fluorescence through Molecular Design and Excited-State Engineering of Molecular Aggregates (2022) · cites this paper as [216]
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“After it is administered to mice, it passes through the glomeruli filtration system into urine without being reabsorbed or secreted in renal tubules.”
From The Pursuit of Shortwave Infrared-Emitting Nanoparticles with Bright Fluorescence through Molecular Design and Excited-State Engineering of Molecular Aggregates (2022) · cites this paper as [216]
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“This unilateral renal clearance pathway allowed one to monitor in real-time the kidney dysfunction during the progression of renal impairment.216”
From The Pursuit of Shortwave Infrared-Emitting Nanoparticles with Bright Fluorescence through Molecular Design and Excited-State Engineering of Molecular Aggregates (2022) · cites this paper as [216]
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“In vivo study, they observed CDIR2 has greater SBR than traditional NIR molecules (ICG or CCD), and has a high renal clearance efficiency with excellent biocompatibility.”
From Recent Advances in Nanomicelles Delivery Systems. (2020) · cites this paper as [198]
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“Pu and coworkers studied a new renal-clearable molecular semiconductor (CDIR2) that can real-time monitor kidney dysfunction in NIR-II components (Figure 13e), a NIR-II fluorophore with classic D-A-D structure (λem = 1050 nm) and a renal-clearance-enabling segment (HPbCD).”
From Recent Advances in Nanomicelles Delivery Systems. (2020) · cites this paper as [198]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Huang, J., Xie, C., Zhang, X., Jiang, Y., Li, J., Fan, Q., & Pu, K.
- Affiliations
- Nanyang Technological University (SG)
- Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (CN)
- Tianjin University (CN)
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering Nanyang Technological University 70 Nanyang Drive Singapore 637457 Singapore
- Corresponding author
- Fan, Quli
- Pu, Kanyi
- Venue
- Angewandte Chemie International Edition
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2019-09-05
- Volume
- 58
- Issue
- 42
- Pages
- 15120-15127
- ISSN
- 1433-7851 (ISSN-L)
- 1521-3773
- OpenAlex
- W2971196856
- Cited by
- 258
- References
- 68
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 23 · 2024: 36 · 2023: 30 · 2022: 38 · 2021: 55 · 2020: 59 · 2019: 9
- FWCI
- 16.03
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- hdl.handle.net
- Locations
- Angewandte Chemie International Edition (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DR-NTU (Nanyang Technological University) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Nanyang Technological University (Tier 1)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Spectroscopy › Molecular Sensors and Ion Detection
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Materials Chemistry › Luminescence and Fluorescent Materials
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Materials Chemistry › Quantum Dots Synthesis And Properties
- Keywords
- NIR-II fluorescence imaging, renal clearance, renal dysfunction, nephrotoxicity, glomerular filtration, drug-induced nephrotoxicity, signal-to-background ratio
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Cell Line, Female, Fluorescent Dyes, Kidney, Kidney Diseases, Kidney Function Tests, Metabolic Clearance Rate, Mice, Nude, Semiconductors, Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared, Mice, Optical Imaging
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