Early retirement in cancer patients with or without comorbid mental health conditions: A prospective cohort study
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: The authors investigated whether cancer patients who have comorbid mental health disorders (MD) are at greater risk of early retirement compared with those who do not have MD. METHODS: Individuals ages 18 to 55 years from a consecutive sample of patients who were admitted for inpatient oncologic treatment were interviewed using structured clinical interviews to ascertain MD. The patients were followed for 15 months, and the date of early retirement was documented. Rates of early retirement per 100 person‐years (py) in patients with and without MD were compared using multivariate Poisson regression models. RESULTS: At baseline, 491 patients were interviewed, and 150 of those patients (30.6%) were diagnosed with MD. Forty‐one patients began full early retirement during follow‐up. In patients with MD, the incidence of early retirement was 9.3 per 100 py compared with 6.1 per 100 py in mentally healthy patients. The crude rate ratio (RR) was 1.5 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.8‐2.8). The effect of MD on early retirement was modified in part by income: in patients with low income, the adjusted RR was 11.7, whereas no effect was observed in higher income groups. Patients with depression were at greater risk of retirement when they had higher income (RR, 3.4; P = .05). The effects of anxiety (RR, 2.4; P = .05), adjustment disorders (RR, 1.7; P = .21), and alcohol dependence (RR, 1.8; P = .40) on early retirement were equal across income groups. CONCLUSIONS: Mental health conditions are risk factors for early retirement in cancer patients, although this effect differs according to the type of disorder and the patient's income level. Cancer 2014;120:2199–2206. © 2014 American Cancer Society.
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- Authors
- Singer, S., Meyer, A., Wienholz, S., Briest, S., Brown, A., Dietz, A., Binder, H., Jonas, S., Papsdorf, K., Stolzenburg, J., Köhler, U., Raßler, J., Zwerenz, R., Schröter, K., Mehnert, A., Löbner, M., König, H., & Riedel‐Heller, S. G.
- Affiliations
- University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz (DE)
- Leipzig University (DE)
- University of Oxford (GB)
- University of Freiburg (DE)
- University Hospital Leipzig (DE)
- Klinikum St. Georg (DE)
- St. Elisabeth-Krankenhaus Leipzig (DE)
- Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz (DE)
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (DE)
- Department of Social Medicine, Occupational Health, and Public Health University of Leipzig Leipzig Germany
- Corresponding author
- Singer, Susanne
- ORCID
- Venue
- Cancer
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2014-04-18
- Volume
- 120
- Issue
- 14
- Pages
- 2199-2206
- ISSN
- 0008-543X (ISSN-L)
- 1097-0142
- OpenAlex
- W2109534990
- Cited by
- 31
- References
- 40
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 3 · 2014: 2
- FWCI
- 1.29
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Cancer (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Deutsche Rentenversicherung (8011-106-31/31.81)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer survivorship and care
- Social Sciences › Demography › Retirement, Disability, and Employment
- Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Economics and Econometrics › Economic and Financial Impacts of Cancer
- Keywords
- early retirement, cancer patients, psychiatric comorbidity, depression, anxiety, adjustment disorder, alcoholism, income, employment after cancer
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Alcoholism, Anxiety, Mental Disorders, Depression, Female, Germany, Humans, Interviews as Topic, Male, Middle Aged, Neoplasms, Prospective Studies, Retirement, Comorbidity, Poisson Distribution, Odds Ratio
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