Identification of urocortin 3 afferent projection to the ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus in rat brain
Open accessAbstract
Urocortin 3 (Ucn 3) is a corticotrophin-releasing factor related neuropeptide highly expressed in the brain. Ucn 3 nerve fibers heavily innervate the hypothalamic ventromedial nucleus (VMH), and Ucn 3 injection into the VMH suppresses feeding. Currently, the origin of the Ucn 3 afferent input into the VMH is unknown. In the present study, anatomical tracing shows that the major Ucn 3 afferent input to the VMH resides in the anterior parvicellular part of the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVHap) and the adjacent posterior part of the bed nucleus of stria terminalis (pBNST). VMH also receives moderate Ucn 3 input from the medial amygdala. Ucn 3 neurons located immediately caudal to the PVHap/pBNST in the rostral perifornical hypothalamic area (rPFH) provide only minimal input. The paucity of rPFH-VMH Ucn 3 projection is consistent with the finding that only Ucn 3 neurons in the rPFH co-expressed enkephalin (Enk), and Ucn 3/Enk double-labeled nerve fibers and terminals were observed predominately in the lateral septum (LS), whereas only a few double-labeled fibers were found in other brain areas including the VMH. Furthermore, retrograde tracing demonstrates that Ucn 3 neurons in the rPFH project to the LS. In conclusion, the present study determines that the major Ucn 3 afferent into the VMH originates from the PVHap/pBNST. Moreover, anatomical heterogeneity is observed in the hypothalamic Ucn 3 neuron population as the rostral part (PVHap/pBNST) of the population projects to the VMH and the caudal part (rPFH) co-localizes with Enk and provides major afferent input to the LS.
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Afferents to the VMH are numerous and include other hypothalamic nuclei, the bed nucleus of stria terminalis, lateral septum, and amygdala.
“Afferents to the VMH are also numerous, and include other hypothalamic nuclei, the bed nucleus of stria terminalis, lateral septum, and amygdala (Berk and Finkelstein, 1981; Chen et al., 2011; Luiten and Room, 1980)”
From Mood and anxiety regulation by nicotinic acetylcholine receptors: A potential pathway to modulate aggression and related behavioral states (2015) · cites this paper as Chen et al., 2011
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- Authors
- Chen, P., Lin, D., Giesler, J., & Li, C.
- Affiliations
- University of Virginia Health System (US)
- Corresponding author
- Li, Chien
- Venue
- Journal of Comparative Neurology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2011-05-23
- Volume
- 519
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 2023-2042
- ISSN
- 0021-9967 (ISSN-L)
- 1096-9861
- PMC
- PMC3694597
- OpenAlex
- W2123070160
- Cited by
- 39
- References
- 54
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 2.07
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- europepmc.org
- Locations
- The Journal of Comparative Neurology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01DK078049, P01DK026741)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Hypothalamic control of reproductive hormones
- Keywords
- urocortin 3, ventromedial hypothalamus, afferent projections, paraventricular nucleus, bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, medial amygdala, enkephalin, lateral septum, feeding inhibition, retrograde tracing
- MeSH terms
- Afferent Pathways, Animals, Enkephalins, Humans, Immunohistochemistry, Male, Neurons, Ventromedial Hypothalamic Nucleus, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Rats, Urocortins
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Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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