The relationship between frequency and intensity of fears and a collagen condition
Open accessAbstract
Encouraged by the positive relationship between joint laxity and panic anxiety, our objective in this study was to compare widespread cultural fears in subjects with and without joint hypermobility syndrome and to assess whether this relationship is sustained for common fears as well. A sample consisting of 1,305 subjects from a rural town were assessed for joint hypermobility syndrome using Beighton's criteria. We assessed fear intensity and frequency using a modified version of the Fear Survey Schedule (FSS-III). Intense fears, defined with a score of 3-4, were compared between hypermobile and nonhypermobile subjects. The analysis was carried out separately for men and women. Nonparametric analysis was applied throughout. Joint hypermobility syndrome was found in 19.9% (141) of women and 6.9% (41) of men. Concerning the fear survey, when we compared the groups with and without joint hypermobility, the mean total scores for both genders were significantly higher for the hypermobile group. When we analyzed each item individually, 43 out of the 44 most severe fears in women and 36 out of the 39 in men, scores were significantly higher in the hypermobile group. We found significant differences between subjects with and without joint hypermobility when assessing specific fears, reinforcing the hypothesis that intensity of fears is greater in subjects with joint hypermobility syndrome. These results show that the association of joint laxity and phobic anxiety is sustained for intense fears and might represent a susceptibility factor for these anxiety conditions.
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Adults with asymptomatic GJH have more specific anxiety (state, trait, social anxiety, and severity of fears) than controls without asymptomatic GJH.
“Adults with asymptomatic GJH had higher anxiety scores42,43 and more specific anxiety as state, trait anxiety, social anxiety, and severity of fears than controls without asymptomatic GJH.33, 34, 35, 36”
From Role of Anxiety in Individuals with Generalized Joint Hypermobility: A Systematic Review (2025) · cites this paper as [34]
The Results (page unavailable) report significantly higher fear-survey scores and more severe fears in the hypermobile group than in the nonhypermobile group. The Methods describe a nonclinical sample, but the paper does not establish that participants with joint hypermobility were asymptomatic or report separate comparisons for state, trait, or social anxiety. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredContradictory results exist on the frequency of fears in healthy adults with asymptomatic GJH compared to peers without asymptomatic GJH.
“Contradictory results were found on the frequency of fears in healthy adults with asymptomatic GJH compared to peers without asymptomatic GJH.34,35”
From Role of Anxiety in Individuals with Generalized Joint Hypermobility: A Systematic Review (2025) · cites this paper as [34]
The Results and Discussion report more frequent or prevalent fears in a community sample with joint hypermobility syndrome than in those without it. The paper does not establish that the hypermobile participants were asymptomatic, and its own findings do not establish the claimed contradiction between studies. (LLM, conf=0.85)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
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“Contradictory results were found on speci fi c anxiety and fears in asymptomatic GJH, whereas increased scores of speci fi c anxiety and fears were demonstrated in individuals with symptomatic GJH. Anxiety scores in clinical populations of individuals with symptomatic GJH seemed similar in different life phases.”
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- Authors
- Bulbena, A., Gago, J., Sperry, L., & Bergé, D.
- Affiliations
- Hospital Del Mar (ES)
- Corresponding author
- Bulbena, A.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Depression and Anxiety
- Publisher
- Hindawi Limited
- Published
- 2006
- Volume
- 23
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 412-417
- ISSN
- 1091-4269 (ISSN-L)
- 1520-6394
- OpenAlex
- W2035823708
- Cited by
- 35
- References
- 22
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 0.57
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Depression and Anxiety (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Connective tissue disorders research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Keywords
- joint hypermobility syndrome, connective tissue diseases, fear intensity, phobic anxiety, joint laxity, Beighton criteria, sex differences
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Anxiety Disorders, Collagen Diseases, Cross-Sectional Studies, Fear, Female, Health Surveys, Humans, Joint Instability, Male, Middle Aged, Phobic Disorders, Rural Population, Spain, Syndrome, Comorbidity
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