Development of play fighting in kindling‐prone (FAST) and kindling‐resistant (SLOW) rats: How does the retention of phenotypic juvenility affect the complexity of play?
Abstract
Rats selectively bred for susceptibility to amygdala kindling (FAST) have been shown to retain neural and behavioral features of the juvenile phase into adulthood. In contrast, rats selectively bred for resistance to amygdala kindling (SLOW) are neurobehaviorally more typically adult. The development of play fighting in male and female rats of both selected lines was studied. Given the apparent association of juvenility and play often noted in the literature for mammals in general, it was predicted that the FAST rats should be more playful and be more likely to retain the juvenile tactics of play that lead to more prolonged and complex patterns of social contact. As expected, FAST rats initiated more playful attacks and were more likely to defend against attacks than SLOW rats as both juveniles and adults. Unexpectedly, however, both selected lines exhibited patterns of defense that reduced the likelihood of complex and prolonged social contact. Importantly, the two selected lines did so by very different means. The FAST rats did so by avoiding contact whereas the SLOW rats did so by responding in an adult‐typical manner that blocks contact. That is, the FAST rats exaggerated the changes typically occurring at puberty whereas the SLOW rats, at all ages, responded in a more adult manner. These data suggest that the different components of play fighting do not change uniformly with changes in the neurobehavioral underpinnings of juvenility. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 45:83‐92, 2004.
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The reversed sex difference is more likely due to differences in the genetic profile of the strain used.
“More likely, this is due to the differences in the genetic profile of the strain used (Pellis et al., 1997;Reinhart et al., 2004).”
From Play fighting in androgen-insensitivetfm rats: Evidence that androgen receptors are necessary for the development of adult playful attack and defense (2006) · cites this paper as Reinhart et al., 2004
Not all test paradigms or all strains of rats show higher levels of play in males.
“Not all test paradigms (Panksepp, 1981;Panksepp & Beatty, 1980) or all strains of rats (Reinhart, McIntyre, & Pellis, 2004) show higher levels of play in males, however.”
From Play fighting in androgen-insensitivetfm rats: Evidence that androgen receptors are necessary for the development of adult playful attack and defense (2006) · cites this paper as Reinhart, McIntyre, & Pellis, 2004
There are marked differences in the patterns of change present in rats of different strains.
“there are marked differences in the patterns of change present in rats of different strains (Pellis, 1997;Reinhart et al., 2004).”
From Play fighting in androgen-insensitivetfm rats: Evidence that androgen receptors are necessary for the development of adult playful attack and defense (2006) · cites this paper as Reinhart et al., 2004
Cites
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The psychobiology of play: Theoretical and methodological perspectives
Panksepp, J., Siviy, S., & Normansell, L. (1984) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/0149-7634(84)90005-8 · Cited by 468 · see citing works
Increased social fear and decreased fear of objects in monkeys with neonatal amygdala lesions
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Shultz, S. R., MacFabe, D. F., Ossenkopp, K.-P., Scratch, S., Whelan, J., Taylor, R., & Cain, D. P. (2008) · Neuropharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2008.01.013 · Cited by 217 · see citing works
The role of the medial prefrontal cortex in the play fighting of rats.
Bell, H. C., McCaffrey, D. R., Forgie, M. L., Kolb, B., & Pellis, S. M. (2009) · Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.1037/a0017617 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Self-citationHimmler, B. T., Stryjek, R., Modlinska, K., Derksen, S. M., Pisula, W., & Pellis, S. M. (2013) · Journal of Comparative Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0032187 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Self-citationPeering into the Dynamics of Social Interactions: Measuring Play Fighting in Rats
Himmler, B. T., Pellis, V. C., & Pellis, S. M. (2013) · Journal of Visualized Experiments · doi:10.3791/4288 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Self-citationPlay fighting and the development of the social brain: The rat’s tale
Pellis, S. M., Pellis, V. C., Ham, J. R., & Stark, R. A. (2023) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105037 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Self-citationHimmler, S. M., Modlinska, K., Stryjek, R., Himmler, B. T., Pisula, W., & Pellis, S. M. (2014) · Journal of Comparative Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0036104 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Self-citationRaza, S., Himmler, B. T., Himmler, S. M., Harker, A., Kolb, B., Pellis, S. M., & Gibb, R. (2015) · Behavioural Pharmacology · doi:10.1097/fbp.0000000000000169 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Self-citationField, E. F., Whishaw, I. Q., Pellis, S. M., & Watson, N. V. (2006) · Developmental Psychobiology · doi:10.1002/dev.20121 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Self-citationAchterberg, E. J. M., Burke, C. J., & Pellis, S. M. (2023) · Behavioural Processes · doi:10.1016/j.beproc.2023.104933 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
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- Authors
- Reinhart, C. J., Pellis, S. M., & McIntyre, D. C.
- Affiliations
- University of Lethbridge (CA)
- Carleton University (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Reinhart, Christine J.
- Venue
- Developmental Psychobiology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2004-08-25
- Volume
- 45
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 83-92
- ISSN
- 0012-1630 (ISSN-L)
- 1098-2302
- OpenAlex
- W2024836242
- Cited by
- 58
- References
- 3
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 5
- FWCI
- 2.77
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Developmental Psychobiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics › Animal Behavior and Reproduction
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Child and Animal Learning Development
- Keywords
- play fighting, amygdala kindling, puberty, social contact, defensive behavior, aggression, selective breeding, sex differences
- MeSH terms
- Amygdala, Animals, Behavior, Animal, Body Weight, Female, Habituation, Psychophysiologic, Kindling, Neurologic, Male, Phenotype, Retention, Psychology, Rats
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