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Cited by 127Child and Animal Learning DevelopmentAnimal Behavior and Welfare StudiesPrimate Behavior and Ecology

Weaning in rats: II pup behavior patterns

Thiels, Edda, Alberts, Jeffrey R., Cramer, Catherine P.·1990·Developmental Psychobiology
DOI 10.1002/dev.420230605
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Abstract

Abstract In this study, litters of rat pups and their mothers were continuously video‐monitored from Day 14 to Day 35 postpartum in order to describe the behavioral changes that occur during that period. Prior to the onset of solid food intake (Day 18), pups spent most of their active time suckling. During Days 18 to 26, feeding, drinking, grooming, and play‐fighting rapidly became frequent daily activities, while suckling gradually began to decline. By Day 28, pups' food and water intake relative to body weight and time allocated to the new behaviors reached asymptote. Pups nevertheless continued to suckle until Day 34. These results suggest that (1) the transition from milk to solid food is embedded in a multitude of behavioral changes; (2) these behavioral changes have distinct temporal characteristics; and (3) the developmental period between Days 14 and 34 can be divided into three phases. Apart from the fascination and the self education of watching the developing of any form of life from its early protoplasmic simplicity into that complex maturity, there is solid scientific reason that Psychology has much to hope from minute and accurate records of the developmental periods of young animals of all species (Small, 1899).

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Crossref · 10.1002/dev.420230605

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30 of 30 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

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  • Play first emerged around 18-19 days of age.

    “As in previous studies, play first emerged around 18–19 days of age (Bolles and Woods, 1964; Panksepp, 1981; Thiels et al., 1990).”

    From Sexually dimorphic role for vasopressin in the development of social play (2014) · cites this paper as Thiels et al., 1990

  • The dam nurses predominantly during the day, and this nursing pattern has a large influence on the phasing of activity rhythms in the pups.

    “The dam nurses predominantly during the day, and this nursing pattern has a large influence on the phasing of activity rhythms in the pups [174, 182, 186].”

    From The neuroendocrine control of the circadian system: Adolescent chronotype (2012) · cites this paper as [186]

  • The pups will exhibit a diurnal activity pattern until around age P18 when they begin to consume significant amounts of solid food.

    “The pups will exhibit a diurnal activity pattern until around age P18 when they begin to consume significant amounts of solid food [21, 186].”

    From The neuroendocrine control of the circadian system: Adolescent chronotype (2012) · cites this paper as [186]

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Authors
Thiels, E., Alberts, J. R., & Cramer, C. P.
Affiliations
  • Indiana University Bloomington (US)
  • Dartmouth College (US)
Corresponding author
Cramer, Catherine P.
ORCID
Alberts, Jeffrey R.
Venue
Developmental Psychobiology
Publisher
Wiley
Published
1990-09
Volume
23
Issue
6
Pages
495-510
ISSN
  • 0012-1630 (ISSN-L)
  • 1098-2302
DOI
10.1002/dev.420230605
OpenAlex
W1982278925
Cited by
127
References
30
Citations by year
2026: 7 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 3
FWCI
3.35
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor, 5156 d)
Locations
  • Developmental Psychobiology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
National Institute of Mental Health (MH 28355)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Child and Animal Learning Development
  • Health Sciences › Veterinary › Small Animals › Animal Behavior and Welfare Studies
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Primate Behavior and Ecology
Keywords
weaning, neonatal rats, postpartum development, suckling, solid food intake, behavioral development, play fighting, grooming, maternal behavior, developmental stages
MeSH terms
Animals, Circadian Rhythm, Drinking Behavior, Feeding Behavior, Female, Grooming, Male, Maternal Behavior, Motor Activity, Sleep, Sucking Behavior, Weaning

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