Cited by 406Gestational Diabetes Research and ManagementPancreatic function and diabetesBirth, Development, and Health

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Intermediate metabolism in normal pregnancy and in gestational diabetes

Di Cianni, G., Miccoli, R., Volpe, L., Lencioni, C., Del Prato, S.·2003·Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews

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Abstract

Complex though integrated hormonal and metabolic changes characterize pregnancy. In the face of progressive decline in insulin action, glucose homeostasis is maintained through a compensatory increase in insulin secretion. This switches energy production from carbohydrates to lipids, making glucose readily available to the fetus. This precise and entangled hormonal and metabolic condition can, however, be disrupted and diabetic hyperglycemia can develop (gestational diabetes). The increase in plasma glucose level is believed to confer significant risk of complications to both the mother and the fetus and the newborn. Moreover, exposition of fetal tissues to the diabetic maternal environment can translate into an increased risk for development of diabetes and/or the metabolic syndrome in the adult life. In women with previous gestational diabetes, the risk of developing type 2 diabetes is greatly enhanced, to the point that GDM represents an early stage in the natural history of type 2 diabetes. In these women, accurate follow-up and prevention strategies are needed to reduce the subsequent development of overt diabetes. This paper will review current knowledge on the modifications occurring in normal pregnancy, while outlining the mechanisms. In this paper, we will review the changes of intermediary metabolism occurring during pregnancy. In particular, we will outline the mechanisms responsible for gestational diabetes; the link between these alterations and associated maternal and neonatal morbidity will be examined.

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See all 406

Authors: Di Cianni, G., Miccoli, R., Volpe, L., Lencioni, C., & Del Prato, S.
Affiliations: University of Pisa (IT)
ORCID: Miccoli, R.
Venue: Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 2003-07
Volume: 19
Issue: 4
Pages: 259-270
ISSN: 1520-7552 (ISSN-L)
1520-7560
DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.390
OpenAlex: W2129752055
Cited by: 406
References: 129
Citations by year: 2026: 13 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 26 · 2023: 29 · 2022: 30 · 2021: 44 · 2020: 40 · 2019: 24 · 2018: 26 · 2017: 18 · 2016: 21 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 12
FWCI: 1.40
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor, 10 d)
Locations: Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
CINECA IRIS Institutial research information system (University of Pisa) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Gestational Diabetes Research and Management
Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Pancreatic function and diabetes
Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Birth, Development, and Health
Keywords: gestational diabetes mellitus, intermediary metabolism, pregnancy, glucose homeostasis, insulin resistance, insulin secretion, maternal hyperglycemia, type 2 diabetes risk, metabolic syndrome, maternal and neonatal morbidity, postpartum follow-up
MeSH terms: Female, Glucose, Homeostasis, Hormones, Humans, Insulin, Pregnancy, Reference Values, Diabetes, Gestational

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Intermediate metabolism in normal pregnancy and in gestational diabetes

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