Relationship between eating disorder duration and treatment outcome: Systematic review and meta-analysis
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: This systematic review and meta-analysis examine the contribution of duration to treatment outcome for eating disorders. METHOD: Studies (n = 31) were identified that examined associations (r) between duration and 45 different outcomes. We were unable to extract r for seven studies (9 outcomes) and extracted r for 36 outcomes across 24 studies (2,349 participants). Indicators of treatment outcome were heterogeneous and thus a series of different meta-analyses, aimed at increasing homogeneity, were conducted. RESULTS: First, we examined the average effect size for one primary eating disorder related outcome from each of the 24 studies. There was no association between duration and treatment outcome (r = .05, 95% CI: -.03:.13), with high heterogeneity. Second, we conducted three sub-group analyses to explore possible sources of heterogeneity (diagnosis: anorexia nervosa versus bulimia nervosa; nature of the outcome: binary versus continuous; or type of outcome: binary indicator of recovery, eating disorder psychopathology, weight gain). There was no significant moderation or associations between duration and outcome (ranging from .02-.08), with low to medium heterogeneity. Third, two stand-alone analyses examined outcomes related to weight gain (n = 8) and eating disorder psychopathology (n = 5), with nonsignificant rs of .23/-.06, respectively. High levels of heterogeneity were present. DISCUSSION: Duration did not influence treatment outcome across any of our meta-analyses. Increasing homogeneity and power will allow more stable estimates of the impact of duration on outcome to be calculated; to this end, future treatment studies should include outcome related to weight gain (anorexia nervosa) and improvements in eating disorder psychopathology.
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Current evidence largely indicates that the length of time a person has been ill is not a reliable predictor of recovery outcomes in eating disorders.
“Current evidence largely indicates that the length of time a person has been ill is not a reliable predictor of recovery outcomes (114).”
From Assisted death in eating disorders: a systematic review of cases and clinical rationales (2024) · cites this paper as [114]
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Recovery From Anorexia Nervosa: A Concept Analysis
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TACKLING ANOREXIA: CURRENT TRENDS AND INNOVATIONS IN TREATMENT STRATEGIES
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- Authors
- Radunz, M., Keegan, E., Osenk, I., & Wade, T. D.
- Affiliations
- Blackbird Initiative Órama Research Institute, Flinders University Adelaide South Australia Australia
- Flinders University (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Wade, Tracey D.
- Venue
- International Journal of Eating Disorders
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2020-08-28
- Volume
- 53
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 1761-1773
- ISSN
- 0276-3478 (ISSN-L)
- 1098-108X
- OpenAlex
- W3082441260
- Cited by
- 70
- References
- 61
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 1
- FWCI
- 0.67
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- International Journal of Eating Disorders (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Eating Disorders and Behaviors
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Nutrition, Health and Food Behavior
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Keywords
- eating disorders, treatment duration, treatment outcomes, anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, weight gain, eating disorder psychopathology, recovery
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Feeding and Eating Disorders, Child, Female, Humans, Male, Psychopathology, Time Factors, Treatment Outcome, Young Adult
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