Long-term Outcome of Bulimia Nervosa
Abstract
Background Since bulimia nervosa's introduction to the psychiatric nomenclature in 1979, data concerning long-term outcome have been largely unavailable. Methods Women with the diagnosis of bulimia nervosa between 1981 and 1987 who participated in 1 of 2 studies were located and invited to participate in follow-up assessments. Results More than 80% of the women from these studies participated in follow-up assessments and the results represent findings for 173 women. More than 10 years following presentation (mean+/-SD length of follow-up, 11.5+/-1.9 years), 11% of this sample met full criteria for bulimia nervosa, and 0.6% met full criteria for anorexia nervosa. An additional 18.5% met criteria for eating disorder not otherwise specified, and 69.90% of this sample were either in full or in partial remission. For predictive factors, only the duration of the disorder at presentation and history of substance use problems demonstrated prognostic significance. Baseline treatment condition was not associated with remission of disordered eating symptoms by the follow-up assessment. Conclusions The findings suggest that the number of women who continue to meet full criteria for bulimia nervosa declines as the duration of follow-up increases; approximately 30%, however, continued to engage in recurrent binge eating or purging behaviors (incidence rate, 0.026 cases per person-years). A history of substance use problems and a longer duration of the disorder at presentation predicted wor…
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Up to 50% of patients with bulimia nervosa have residual symptoms after treatment, and relapse is common.
“however up to 50% of patients with BN have residual symptoms after treatment and relapse is common (Halmi et al., 2002; Keel et al., 1999)”
From Early reduction in anxiety sensitivity predicts greater reduction in disordered eating and trait anxiety during treatment for bulimia nervosa. (2024) · cites this paper as Keel et al., 1999
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Women's experiences of bulimia nervosa
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Trans‐diagnostic outcome of eating disorders: A 30‐month follow‐up study of 629 patients
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Genetic Association of Recovery from Eating Disorders: The Role of GABA Receptor SNPs
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Keel, P. K., Mitchell, J. E., Miller, K. B., Davis, T. L., & Crow, S. J.
- Affiliations
- Harvard University (US)
- University of North Dakota (US)
- University of Minnesota (US)
- Venue
- Archives of General Psychiatry
- Publisher
- American Medical Association (AMA)
- Published
- 1999-01-01
- Volume
- 56
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 63
- ISSN
- 0003-990X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2118556770
- Cited by
- 307
- References
- 24
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 18
- FWCI
- 22.20
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Archives of General Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (P30 DK 50456, P30DK050456)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Eating Disorders and Behaviors
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Nutrition, Health and Food Behavior
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
- Keywords
- bulimia nervosa, long-term outcomes, remission, anorexia nervosa, eating disorder not otherwise specified, binge eating, purging behavior, problematic substance use, disease duration, women, prognosis
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Mental Disorders, Body Image, Body Weight, Bulimia, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Prognosis, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Psychotherapy, Psychotropic Drugs, Surveys and Questionnaires, Risk Factors, Severity of Illness Index, Comorbidity, Incidence, Treatment Outcome, Age of Onset, Substance-Related Disorders
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