Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction induces molecular, mitochondrial, histological, and functional alterations in rat respiratory and limb skeletal muscle
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Aims: Peripheral muscle dysfunction is a key mechanism contributing to exercise intolerance (i.e. breathlessness and fatigue) in heart failure patients with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF); however, the underlying molecular and cellular mechanisms remain unknown. We therefore used an animal model to elucidate potential molecular, mitochondrial, histological, and functional alterations induced by HFpEF in the diaphragm and soleus, while also determining the possible benefits associated with exercise training. Methods and results: Female Dahl salt-sensitive rats were fed a low (CON; n = 10) or high salt (HFpEF; n = 11) diet of 0.3% or 8% NaCl, respectively, or a high salt diet in combination with treadmill exercise training (n = 11). Compared with low-salt rats, high-salt rats developed (P < 0.05) HFpEF. Compared with CON, the diaphragm of HFpEF rats demonstrated (P < 0.05): a fibre type shift from fast-to-slow twitch; fibre atrophy; a decreased pro-oxidative but increased anti-oxidant capacity; reduced proteasome activation; impaired in situ mitochondrial respiration; and in vitro muscle weakness and increased fatigability. The soleus also demonstrated numerous alterations (P < 0.05), including fibre atrophy, decreased anti-oxidant capacity, reduced mitochondrial density, and increased fatigability. Exercise training, however, prevented mitochondrial and functional impairments in both the diaphragm and soleus (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Our findings are the first to demonstrate that HFpEF induces significant molecular, mitochondrial, histological, and functional alterations in the diaphragm and soleus, which were attenuated by exercise training. These data therefore reveal novel mechanisms and potential therapeutic treatments of exercise intolerance in HFpEF.
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In rats with heart failure, pro-oxidants such as NADPH oxidase and XO activity were higher, and antioxidants, such as catalase and superoxide dismutase (SOD), were lower than in corresponding controls.
“In rats with heart failure, pro-oxidants such as NADPH oxidase and XO activity were higher, and antioxidants, such as catalase and superoxide dismutase (SOD), were lower than in corresponding controls [124].”
From Sarcopenic obesity, insulin resistance, and their implications in cardiovascular and metabolic consequences (2020) · cites this paper as [124]
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- Authors
- Bowen, T. S., Rolim, N. P. L., Fischer, T., Bækkerud, F. H., Medeiros, A., Werner, S., Brønstad, E., Rognmo, O., Mangner, N., Linke, A., Schuler, G., Silva, G. J. J., Wisløff, U., & Adams, V.
- Affiliations
- Leipzig Heart Institute (DE)
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NO)
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo (BR)
- K.G. Jebsen Centre of Exercise in Medicine, Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology , Trondheim ,
- Corresponding author
- Bowen, T. Scott
- Rolim, Natale P. L.
- ORCID
- Venue
- European Journal of Heart Failure
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2015-02-06
- Volume
- 17
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 263-272
- ISSN
- 1388-9842 (ISSN-L)
- 1879-0844
- OpenAlex
- W1516799253
- Cited by
- 165
- References
- 31
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 19 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 8
- FWCI
- 34.74
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- European Journal of Heart Failure (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- Americanae (AECID Library) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- European Commission (EU 602405- 2)
- Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Muscle Physiology and Disorders
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
- Keywords
- heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, exercise intolerance, diaphragm, soleus muscle, skeletal muscle, high-salt diet, Dahl salt-sensitive rats, exercise training, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, muscle fatigue, proteasome activation, mitochondrial respiration
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Catalase, Diaphragm, Female, Heart Failure, Mitochondria, Muscle, Stroke Volume, Superoxide Dismutase, Exercise Tolerance, Oxidative Stress, Muscle, Skeletal, Myosin Light Chains, Troponin C, NADPH Oxidases, Rats, Inbred Dahl, Models, Animal, Rats
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