Depressive symptoms and frailty
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Frailty and depressive symptoms are common issues facing older adults and may be associated. OBJECTIVES: To determine if: (i) depressive symptoms are associated with frailty; (ii) there is a gradient in this effect across the range of depressive symptoms; and (iii) the association between depressive symptoms and frailty is specific to particular types of depressive symptoms (positive affect, negative affect, somatic complaints, and interpersonal relations). METHOD: Secondary analysis of an existing population-based study was conducted. POPULATION: In 1991, 1751 community-living adults aged 65+ years were interviewed. MEASURES: Depressive symptoms were measured using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression (CES-D) scale. Frailty was graded from 0 (no frailty) to 3 (moderate/severe frailty). Age, gender, education, marital status, self-rated health, and the number of comorbid conditions were self-reported. ANALYSES: Logistic regression models were constructed with the outcome of no frailty/urinary incontinence only versus frailty. RESULTS: Depressive symptoms were strongly associated with frailty, and there was a gradient effect across the entire range of the CES-D scale. The odds ratio and 95% confidence interval was 1.08 (1.06, 1.09) per point of the CES-D in unadjusted models. After potential confounding factors were adjusted, the adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) was 1.03 (1.01, 1.05). Positive affect, negative affect, and somatic complaints were all associated with frailty, whereas interpersonal relations were not associated with frailty. CONCLUSIONS: Depressive symptoms are associated with frailty. Clinicians should consider assessing frail older adults for the presence of depression.
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Increasing severity of depressive symptoms is associated with increasing functional deficits.
“increasing severity of depressive symptoms is associated with increasing functional deficits (St John, Tyas, and Montgomery 2013)”
From Successful aging: Advancing the science of physical independence in older adults (2015) · cites this paper as St John et al. 2013
In an investigation of symptom dimensions of depression, all symptoms were associated with frailty except interpersonal difficulties.
“all symptoms were associated with frailty except for interpersonal difficulties. (St John, Tyas, and Montgomery 2013)”
From Successful aging: Advancing the science of physical independence in older adults (2015) · cites this paper as St John et al. 2013
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- Authors
- St. John, P. D., Tyas, S. L., & Montgomery, P. R.
- Affiliations
- Section of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, and the Centre on Aging University of Manitoba Canada
- University of Waterloo (CA)
- Island Health (CA)
- ORCID
- Tyas, Suzanne L.
- Venue
- International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2012-09-07
- Volume
- 28
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 607-614
- ISSN
- 0885-6230 (ISSN-L)
- 1099-1166
- OpenAlex
- W1551029662
- Cited by
- 51
- References
- 43
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 1.25
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Health Canada
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Geriatrics and Gerontology › Frailty in Older Adults
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Aging, Health, and Disability
- Social Sciences › Health › Health disparities and outcomes
- Keywords
- depressive symptoms, frailty, older adults, positive affect, negative affect, somatic symptoms, interpersonal relationships, urinary incontinence, comorbidities, depression screening
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Depressive Disorder, Female, Humans, Male, Manitoba, Logistic Models, Frail Elderly
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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