Effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on improvement of cognition in elderly patients with cognitive impairment: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to examine the effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on cognitive function in older patients with cognitive impairment. METHODS: A literature search was performed for articles published in English using the 10 databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, INSPEC, the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature Plus, AMED, Biological Sciences, ClinicalTrials.gov, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews) from their inception to May 2016. The primary outcome was cognitive function as measured by the Mini-Mental State Examination or the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-cognitive subscale. RESULTS: Seven RCTs were included in the meta-analysis, with a sample of 107 active and 87 sham rTMS. Active rTMS was found to be more effective in improving cognition (Hedges' g = 0.48; 95% confidence interval 0.12 to 0.84). CONCLUSIONS: High-frequency rTMS showed a benefit on cognition amongst older patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease. rTMS was shown to have great potential as a safe and well-tolerated alternative intervention for cognition. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Evidence supports pro-cognitive effects of TMS in healthy individuals and in patients with neurologic and psychiatric illnesses such as mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease, mild cognitive impairment, stroke, schizophrenia, and bipolar disorder.
“Evidence supports the pro-cognitive effects of TMS in healthy individuals (Luber & Lisanby, 2014) and in patients with neurologic and psychiatric illnesses such as mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease (Cheng et al., 2018;Chou et al., 2020;Lin et al., 2019;Wang et al., 2020), mild cognitive impairment (MCI; Chou et al., 2020;Drumond Marra et al., 2015;Jiang et al., 2021), stroke (M.Liu et al., 2021”
From Neurocognitive effects of theta burst stimulation for treatment-resistant depression in adults: A systematic review and recommendations for future research (2025) · cites this paper as Cheng et al., 2018
Cites
Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses
Higgins, J. P. T., Thompson, S. G., Deeks, J. J., & Altman, D. G. (2003) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.327.7414.557 · Cited by 63,139 · see citing works
Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: The PRISMA statement
Moher, D., Liberati, A., Tetzlaff, J., Altman, D. G., & the PRISMA Group* (2009) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-151-4-200908180-00135 · Cited by 37,554 · see citing works
Quantifying heterogeneity in a meta‐analysis
Higgins, J. P. T., & Thompson, S. G. (2002) · Statistics in Medicine · doi:10.1002/sim.1186 · Cited by 36,763 · see citing works
Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions: Cochrane Book Series
(2008) · doi:10.1002/9780470712184 · Cited by 25,048 · see citing works
The human brain is intrinsically organized into dynamic, anticorrelated functional networks
Fox, M. D., Snyder, A. Z., Vincent, J. L., Corbetta, M., Van Essen, D. C., & Raichle, M. E. (2005) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0504136102 · Cited by 8,553 · see citing works
Rossi, S., Hallett, M., Rossini, P. M., & Pascual-Leone, A. (2009) · Clinical Neurophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2009.08.016 · Cited by 5,367 · see citing works
Interpretation of random effects meta-analyses
Riley, R. D., Higgins, J. P. T., & Deeks, J. J. (2011) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.d549 · Cited by 2,884 · see citing works
Dementia: a public health priority
Acosta, D. M., Krishnamoorthy, E. S., Wortmann, M., Prince, M. J., & Saxena, S. (2012) · Cited by 1,955 · see citing works
Pascual-Leone, A., Rubio, B., Pallardó, F., & Catalá, M. D. (1996) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(96)01219-6 · Cited by 1,229 · see citing works
(2016) · London School of Economics and Political Science Research Online (London School of Economics and Political Science) · Cited by 874 · see citing works
Physiology of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation of the human brain
Hoogendam, J. M., Ramakers, G. M. J., & Di Lazzaro, V. (2010) · Brain Stimulation · doi:10.1016/j.brs.2009.10.005 · Cited by 669 · see citing works
Therapeutic application of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation: a review
Wassermann, E. M., & Lisanby, S. H. (2001) · Clinical Neurophysiology · doi:10.1016/s1388-2457(01)00585-5 · Cited by 601 · see citing works
Enhancement of human cognitive performance using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)
Luber, B., & Lisanby, S. H. (2014) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2013.06.007 · Cited by 508 · see citing works
O'Brien, J. T., Holmes, C., Jones, M. S., Jones, R. W., Livingston, G., McKeith, I. G., Mittler, P. J., Passmore, P., Ritchie, C. W., Robinson, L. A., et al. (2017) · Journal of Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1177/0269881116680924 · Cited by 355 · see citing works
Design, analysis, and presentation of crossover trials
Mills, E. J., Chan, A., Wu, P., Vail, A., Guyatt, G. H., & Altman, D. G. (2009) · Trials · doi:10.1186/1745-6215-10-27 · Cited by 323 · see citing works
Self-citationAhmed, M. A., Darwish, E. S., Khedr, E. M., Elserogy, Y., & Ali, A. M. (2011) · Journal of Neurology · doi:10.1007/s00415-011-6128-4 · Cited by 312 · see citing works
Improved language performance in Alzheimer disease following brain stimulation
Cotelli, M., Calabria, M., Manenti, R., Rosini, S., Zanetti, O. O., Cappa, S. F., & Miniussi, C. (2010) · Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery & Psychiatry · doi:10.1136/jnnp.2009.197848 · Cited by 306 · see citing works
Cotelli, M., Manenti, R., Cappa, S. F., Zanetti, O. O., & Miniussi, C. (2008) · European Journal of Neurology · doi:10.1111/j.1468-1331.2008.02202.x · Cited by 266 · see citing works
Effect of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on Action Naming in Patients With Alzheimer Disease
Cotelli, M., Manenti, R., Cappa, S. F., Geroldi, C., Zanetti, O. O., Rossini, P. M., & Miniussi, C. (2006) · Archives of Neurology · doi:10.1001/archneur.63.11.1602 · Cited by 228 · see citing works
Rabey, J. M., Dobronevsky, E., Aichenbaum, S., Gonen, O. M., Gandelman‐Marton, R., & Khaigrekht, M. (2012) · Journal of Neural Transmission · doi:10.1007/s00702-012-0902-z · Cited by 227 · see citing works
Lee, J., Choi, B. H., Oh, E., Sohn, E. H., & Lee, A. Y. (2016) · Journal of Clinical Neurology · doi:10.3988/jcn.2016.12.1.57 · Cited by 166 · see citing works
Elder, G. J., & Taylor, J. (2014) · Alzheimer s Research & Therapy · doi:10.1186/s13195-014-0074-1 · Cited by 164 · see citing works
O'Brien, J. T., & Burns, A. S. (2010) · Journal of Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1177/0269881110387547 · Cited by 163 · see citing works
Marra, H., Myczkowski, M. L., Memória, C. M., Arnaut, D., Ribeiro, P. L., Mansur, C. G., Alberto, R. L., Bellini, B. B., da Silva, A. A. F., Tortella, G., et al. (2015) · Behavioural Neurology · doi:10.1155/2015/287843 · Cited by 161 · see citing works
Turriziani, P., Smirni, D., Zappalà, G., Mangano, G. R., Oliveri, M., & Lisa Cipolotti, A. (2012) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2012.00062 · Cited by 135 · see citing works
Nardone, R., Tezzon, F., Höller, Y., Golaszewski, S., Trinka, E., & Brigo, F. (2014) · Acta Neurologica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/ane.12223 · Cited by 118 · see citing works
Rutherford, G., Lithgow, B., & Moussavi, Z. (2015) · Journal of Experimental Neuroscience · doi:10.4137/jen.s24004 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Liao, X., Li, G., Wang, A., Liu, T., Feng, S., Guo, Z., Tang, Q., Jin, Y., Xing, G., McClure, M. A., et al. (2015) · Journal of Alzheimer s Disease · doi:10.3233/jad-150346 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
Gates, J. R. (2014) · Neuromethods · doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-0879-0 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Muller, P. A., Dhamne, S. C., Vahabzadeh‐Hagh, A. M., Pascual‐Leone, Á., Jensen, F. E., & Rotenberg, A. (2014) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0091065 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Wu, Y., Xu, W., Liu, X., Xu, Q., Tang, L., & Wu, S. (2015) · PubMed Central · doi:10.11919/j.issn.1002-0829.215107 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Transcranial Brain Stimulation: Clinical Applications and Future Directions
Najib, U., Bashir, S., Edwards, D. J., Rotenberg, A., & Pascual‐Leone, Á. (2011) · Neurosurgery Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.nec.2011.01.002 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Yue, Y., Wu, Wenwei, Xu, Xiaowei, X., ., L., Qing, Q., -, L., Tang, & Shuyan (2015) · 上海精神医学 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Anderková, Ľ., Eliasova, I., Mareček, R., Janoušová, E., & Rektorová, I. (2015) · Journal of Alzheimer s Disease · doi:10.3233/jad-150067 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Cerebral cortex involvement in Machado−Joseph disease
de Rezende, T. J. R., D’Abreu, A., Guimarães, R., Lopes, T. M., Lopes‐Cendes, Í., Cendes, F., Castellano, G., & França, M. C. (2014) · European Journal of Neurology · doi:10.1111/ene.12559 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Haffen, É., Chopard, G., Pretalli, J., Magnin, É., Nicolier, M., Monnin, J., Galmiche, J., Rumbach, L., Pazart, L., Sechter, D., et al. (2011) · Brain stimulation · doi:10.1016/j.brs.2011.03.003 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
P3–293: Effects of cognitive training and rTMS in Alzheimer's disease
Brem, A., Schilberg, L., Freitas, C., Atkinson, N. J., Seligson, E. E., & Pascual‐Leone, Á. (2013) · Alzheimer s & Dementia · doi:10.1016/j.jalz.2013.05.1367 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Marras, S. P. A. (2015) · Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease & Parkinsonism · doi:10.4172/2161-0460.1000187 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
P1‐369: TRANSCRANIAL MAGNETIC STIMULATION OF DEEP BRAIN REGIONS IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE
Ash, E. L., Bregman, N., Moore, O., Korczyn, A. D., & Zangen, A. (2014) · Alzheimer s & Dementia · doi:10.1016/j.jalz.2014.05.611 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Chou, Y.-H., Ton That, V., & Sundman, M. (2020) · Neurobiology of Aging · doi:10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2019.08.020 · Cited by 319 · see citing works
Chu, C., Li, C., Brunoni, A. R., Yang, F., Tseng, P., Tu, Y., Stubbs, B., Carvalho, A. F., Thompson, T., Rajji, T. K., et al. (2020) · Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery & Psychiatry · doi:10.1136/jnnp-2020-323870 · Cited by 147 · see citing works
Lin, Y., Jiang, W., Shan, P., Lü, M., Wang, T., Li, R., Zhang, N., & Ma, L. (2019) · Journal of the Neurological Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.jns.2019.01.038 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
Gamma Oscillations in Alzheimer’s Disease and Their Potential Therapeutic Role
Traikapi, A., & Konstantinou, N. (2021) · Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnsys.2021.782399 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Wu, X., Ji, G.-J., Geng, Z., Wang, L., Yan, Y., Wu, Y., Xiao, G., Gao, L., Wei, Q., Zhou, S., et al. (2022) · Brain Stimulation · doi:10.1016/j.brs.2021.11.007 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
Wang, X., Mao, Z., Ling, Z., & Yu, X. (2019) · Journal of Neurology · doi:10.1007/s00415-019-09644-y · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Tsai, P., Lin, W., Tsai, K.-T., Kuo, C.-Y., & Lin, P.-H. (2020) · Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience · doi:10.1503/jpn.190060 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Hara, T., Shanmugalingam, A., McIntyre, A., & Burhan, A. M. (2021) · Diagnostics · doi:10.3390/diagnostics11020227 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Šimko, P., Kent, J. A., & Rektorová, I. (2022) · Clinical Neurophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2022.09.010 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
He, W., Wang, J., & Tsai, P. (2021) · Neurorehabilitation and neural repair · doi:10.1177/1545968321104131 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Yan, Y., Tian, M., Wang, T., Wang, X., Wang, Y., & Shi, J. (2023) · Frontiers in Neurology · doi:10.3389/fneur.2023.1209205 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Jiang, L., Cui, H., Zhang, C., Cao, X., Gu, N., Zhu, Y., Wang, J., Yang, Z., & Li, C. (2021) · Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnagi.2020.593000 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Conde, J. A. C., Gonzalez‐Bermudez, M. D. R., Carretero‐Rey, M., & Khan, Z. U. (2022) · CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics · doi:10.1111/cns.13971 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Jia, Y., Xu, L., Yang, K., Zhang, Y., Lv, X., Zhu, Z., Chen, Z., Zhu, Y., Wei, L., Li, X., et al. (2021) · Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnagi.2021.693611 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Pagali, S. R., Kumar, R., LeMahieu, A., Basso, M. R., Boeve, B. F., Croarkin, P. E., Geske, J. R., Hassett, L. C., Huston, J., Kung, S., et al. (2024) · International Psychogeriatrics · doi:10.1017/s1041610224000085 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Chen, S.-J., Huang, G., Yuan, L.-Q., Zeng, Q., Wang, D., Wen, X.-Y., Shi, Y., & Zhu, F. (2020) · Neural Regeneration Research · doi:10.4103/1673-5374.295345 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Lee, J. H., Lee, T. L., & Kang, N. (2021) · Ageing Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.arr.2021.101377 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Therapeutic approaches for improving cognitive function in the aging brain
Chen, L., Jiao, J., & Zhang, Y. (2022) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2022.1060556 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Menardi, A., Dotti, L., Ambrosini, E., & Vallesi, A. (2022) · Journal of Neurology · doi:10.1007/s00415-022-11236-2 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Zorzo, C., Higarza, S. G., Méndez, M., Martínez, J. A., Pernia, A. M., & Arias, J. L. (2019) · Brain Research Bulletin · doi:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2019.05.004 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Guo, Z., Jiang, Z., Jiang, B., McClure, M. A., & Mu, Q. (2019) · Neural Plasticity · doi:10.1155/2019/7030286 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Publication trends in transcranial magnetic stimulation: a 30-year panorama
McLean, A. L. (2019) · Brain stimulation · doi:10.1016/j.brs.2019.01.002 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Hara, T., Shanmugalingam, A., McIntyre, A., & Burhan, A. M. (2021) · Diagnostics · doi:10.3390/diagnostics11040627 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Sharbafshaaer, M., Gigi, I., Lavorgna, L., Esposito, S., Bonavita, S., Tedeschi, G., Esposito, F., & Trojsi, F. (2023) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm12196190 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Zhang, T., Sui, Y., Lu, Q., Xu, X., Zhu, Y., Dai, W., Shen, Y., & Wang, T. (2022) · Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnagi.2022.984708 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Xu, X., Xu, M., Su, Y., Cao, T. V., Nikolin, S., Moffa, A. H., Loo, C. K. A., & Martin, D. M. (2023) · Brain Sciences · doi:10.3390/brainsci13121665 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
rTMS for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease: where should we be stimulating?
Heath, A. M., Taylor, J. L., & McNerney, M. W. (2018) · Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics · doi:10.1080/14737175.2018.1538792 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Li, S., Lan, X., Liu, Y., Zhou, J., Pei, Z., Su, X., & Guo, Y. (2024) · Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease · doi:10.3233/jad-231031 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Guan, M., Liu, X., Guo, L., Zhang, R., Tan, Q., Wang, H., & Wang, H. (2021) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2021.648816 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Wang, Y., Liu, W., Chen, J., Bai, J., Yu, H., Ma, H., Jiang, R., & Xu, G. (2023) · Therapeutic Advances in Chronic Disease · doi:10.1177/20406223231168754 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Šimko, P., Pupíková, M., Gajdoš, M., Klobušiaková, P., Vávra, V., Šimo, A., & Rektorová, I. (2024) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-024-51690-8 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation: an innovative medical therapy
Mikellides, G., Michael, P., & Tantele, M. (2021) · Psychiatriki · doi:10.22365/jpsych.2021.012 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Zhang, S., Liu, L., Zhang, L., Ma, L., Wu, H., He, X., Cao, M., & Li, R. (2023) · Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnagi.2022.1070535 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Qin, Y., Ba, L., Zhang, F., Jian, S., Zhang, M., & Zhu, W. (2023) · Frontiers in Neurology · doi:10.3389/fneur.2023.1037864 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Transcriptional changes in the rat brain induced by repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation
Weiler, M., Stieger, K. C., Shroff, K., Klein, J. P., Wood, W. H., Zhang, Y., Chandrasekaran, P., Lehrmann, E., Camandola, S., Long, J. M., et al. (2023) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2023.1215291 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Interventions of cognitive impairment in older adults: A comprehensive review
Chib, S., Sharma, K., & Singh, R. (2025) · Aging and Health Research · doi:10.1016/j.ahr.2025.100223 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Weiler, M., Moreno‐Castilla, P., Starnes, H. M., Melendez, E. T., Stieger, K. C., Long, J. M., & Rapp, P. R. (2021) · Brain stimulation · doi:10.1016/j.brs.2021.08.008 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Andrade, S. M., Marques, C. C. D. O., de Lucena, L. C., da Costa, K. V., de Souza, I. C., Machado, C. B. D. S., Queiroz, M. E. B. S., Costa, L. P., & da Silva, S. T. (2024) · Neurological Research · doi:10.1080/01616412.2024.2321779 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Cornea, M., Vintilă, B. I., Bucuță, M. D., Ștef, L., Anghel, C. E., Grama, A. M., Lomnășan, A., Ștețiu, A. A., Boicean, A., Sava, M., et al. (2025) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm14051766 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
The effect of intermittent theta burst stimulation for cognitive dysfunction: a meta-analysis
Zheng, B., Chen, J., Cao, M., Zhang, Y., Chen, S., Yu, H., & Liang, K. (2024) · Brain Injury · doi:10.1080/02699052.2024.2344087 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Sacco, L., Ceroni, M., Pacifico, D., Zerboni, G., Rossi, S., Galati, S., Caverzasio, S., Kaelin‐Lang, A., & Riccitelli, G. C. (2023) · Diagnostics · doi:10.3390/diagnostics13030415 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Lin, G.-Q., He, X., Liu, B., Wei, C., Tao, R., Yang, P., Pei, Z., & Mo, Y. (2024) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.09.046 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Wang, H., Jin, J., Cui, D., Wang, X., Li, Y., Liu, Z., & Yin, T. (2020) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2020.541791 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Neuro-Advancements and the Role of Nurses as Stated in Academic Literature and Canadian Newspapers
Deloria, R., & Wolbring, G. (2019) · Societies · doi:10.3390/soc9030061 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Yuan, X. Q., Tu, Z., Li, R., Pan, C., Ma, J., Liu, M., Yang, D., Yang, H., Li, F., Bie, Z., et al. (2025) · Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnagi.2025.1541126 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Enhancing working memory in MCI: Modulating alpha-gamma coupling and gamma oscillations via rTMS
Yuan, X. Q., Zhang, X., Sun, J., Li, R., Ma, J., Pan, C., Liu, M., Yang, H., Yang, D., Li, F., et al. (2025) · Neurotherapeutics · doi:10.1016/j.neurot.2025.e00619 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Georgopoulou, E.-N., Νούσια, Α., Μαρτζούκου, Μ., Dimitriou, N., Liampas, I., Messinis, L., & Nasios, G. (2024) · Brain Sciences · doi:10.3390/brainsci14090891 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Dotson, V. M., Szymkowicz, S. M., Kim, J. U., & McClintock, S. M. (2018) · Current Behavioral Neuroscience Reports · doi:10.1007/s40473-018-0159-4 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Wang, J., Huang, L., Wei, L., & Chen, W. (2021) · Journal of Zhejiang University (Medical Sciences) · doi:10.3724/zdxbyxb-2021-0184 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Hutnyan, M., & McClintock, S. M. (2025) · Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation · doi:10.1016/j.transm.2025.100088 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Li, W., Wen, Y., Li, W., Liu, J., Liu, S., Wu, J., Gao, Y., & Xu, Y. (2025) · Frontiers in Neurology · doi:10.3389/fneur.2025.1603870 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Zhang, Q., Zhu, P.-P., Yang, L., & Guo, A. (2024) · World Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.5498/wjp.v14.i10.1592 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Brodziak, A., Kołat, E., & Wolińska, A. (2018) · Psychiatria Polska · doi:10.12740/pp/92834 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Hara, T., Shanmugalingam, A., McIntyre, A., & Burhan, A. M. (2020) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2020.03.06.20032243 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Dastgheib, Z. A., Lithgow, B., & Moussavi, Z. (2025) · Cognitive Neurodynamics · doi:10.1007/s11571-025-10310-5 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Xie, Z., Guan, X., Zhang, S., & Xiu, M. (2025) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.09.079 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Noninvasive brain stimulation in behavioral and cognitive neurology
Pupíková, M., Šimko, P., Brabenec, L., & Rektorová, I. (2018) · Neurologie pro praxi · doi:10.36290/neu.2018.132 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
ESTIMULAÇÃO TRANSCRANIANA COMO RECURSO FISIOTERAPÊUTICO NA DOENÇA DE ALZHEIMER: REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Farinazzo, P. D. S., & Martins, P. P. (2022) · Simpósio de Saúde e Meio Ambiente (SISAMA) · doi:10.54265/asmk3048
Brain stimulation in rehabilitation
Gupta, M., Bhatia, D., & Kumar, P. (2023) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-99124-7.00004-3
Liu, C., Li, Y., Ren, L., Ding, N., & Zhang, Q. (2025) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-96-8504-2_13
Kletzel, S., Alsakaji, R., Umbarger, A., Walker, S., Aaronson, A. L., Herrold, A., Colletta, K., Bhaumik, D., Weaver, F., & Pape, T. B. (2025) · JMIR Research Protocols · doi:10.2196/77241
Vélez, F. G. S., Cedeno-Bruzual, M., Gutiérrez, M. Z., Pena, D. M., Ballard, C., Kong, J. S., Pinaffi‐Langley, A. C. D. C., Owens, C. D., TucsekCardon, Z., Szarvas, Z., et al. (2026) · Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnagi.2026.1778992
- Authors
- Cheng, C. P. W., Wong, C. S. M., Lee, K. K., Chan, A. P. K., Yeung, J. W. F., & Chan, W. C.
- Affiliations
- Queen Mary Hospital (CN)
- University of Hong Kong (HK)
- School of Nursing The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong
- Venue
- International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2017-05-11
- Volume
- 33
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- e1-e13
- ISSN
- 0885-6230 (ISSN-L)
- 1099-1166
- OpenAlex
- W2612031406
- Cited by
- 63
- References
- 39
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 5
- FWCI
- 0.45
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- The HKU Scholars Hub (University of Hong Kong) (submittedVersion)
- PolyU Institutional Research Archive (Hong Kong Polytechnic University) (submittedVersion)
- OSF Preprints (OSF Preprints) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Traumatic Brain Injury Research
- Keywords
- repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, cognitive impairment, Alzheimer's disease, older adults, cognitive function, high-frequency rTMS, non-pharmacological treatment, sham stimulation, Mini-Mental State Examination, Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale
- MeSH terms
- Alzheimer Disease, Cognition, Humans, Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation, Cognitive Dysfunction
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
