Fibroblast growth factor 21 protects against acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity by potentiating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor coactivator protein-1α-mediated antioxidant capacity in mice
Open accessAbstract
Acetaminophen (APAP) overdose is a leading cause of drug-induced hepatotoxicity and acute liver failure worldwide, but its pathophysiology remains incompletely understood. Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is a hepatocyte-secreted hormone with pleiotropic effects on glucose and lipid metabolism. This study aimed to investigate the pathophysiological role of FGF21 in APAP-induced hepatotoxicity in mice. In response to APAP overdose, both hepatic expression and circulating levels of FGF21 in mice were dramatically increased as early as 3 hours, prior to elevations of the liver injury markers alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). APAP overdose-induced liver damage and mortality in FGF21 knockout (KO) mice were markedly aggravated, which was accompanied by increased oxidative stress and impaired antioxidant capacities as compared to wild-type (WT) littermates. By contrast, replenishment of recombinant FGF21 largely reversed APAP-induced hepatic oxidative stress and liver injury in FGF21 KO mice. Mechanistically, FGF21 induced hepatic expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor coactivator protein-1α (PGC-1α), thereby increasing the nuclear abundance of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and subsequent up-regulation of several antioxidant genes. The beneficial effects of recombinant FGF21 on up-regulation of Nrf2 and antioxidant genes and alleviation of APAP-induced oxidative stress and liver injury were largely abolished by adenovirus-mediated knockdown of hepatic PGC-1α expression, whereas overexpression of PGC-1α was sufficient to counteract the increased susceptibility of FGF21 KO mice to APAP-induced hepatotoxicity. Conclusion: The marked elevation of FGF21 by APAP overdose may represent a compensatory mechanism to protect against the drug-induced hepatotoxicity, by enhancing PGC-1α/Nrf2-mediated antioxidant capacity in the liver. (Hepatology 2014;60:977–989)
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FGF21's triglyceride-lowering effects are mediated by altered adipose and liver metabolism: accelerated lipoprotein catabolism, suppression of postprandial lipolysis, decreased hepatic ER and oxidative stress, and increased beta-oxidation of lipids in the liver.
“Pharmacological administration of FGF21 or FGF21 analogues exerts lipid-lowering effects through accelerated lipoprotein catabolism108, suppression of postprandial lipolysis in adipose tissues88, decreased hepatic endoplasmic reticulum and oxidative stress109,110, and increased beta-oxidation of lipids in the liver62”
From Metabolic messengers: FGF21 (2021) · cites this paper as [109]
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- Authors
- Ye, D., Wang, Y., Li, H., Jia, W., Man, K., Lo, C. M., Wang, Y., Lam, K. S. L., & Xu, A.
- Affiliations
- University of Hong Kong (HK)
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Lam, Karen S.L.
- Xu, Aimin
- Venue
- Hepatology
- Published
- 2014-09
- Volume
- 60
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 977-989
- ISSN
- 0270-9139 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2101962482
- Cited by
- 184
- References
- 38
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 20 · 2022: 21 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 19 · 2017: 18 · 2016: 18 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 5
- FWCI
- 20.61
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Hepatology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- The HKU Scholars Hub (University of Hong Kong) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Research Grant Council of Hong Kong (HKU2/CRF/12R and HKU3/CRF/11R)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Pharmacology › Drug-Induced Hepatotoxicity and Protection
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Fibroblast Growth Factor Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hepatology › Liver physiology and pathology
- Keywords
- FGF21, acetaminophen hepatotoxicity, drug-induced liver injury, PGC-1α, Nrf2, oxidative stress, antioxidant genes, hepatoprotection, acute liver failure, FGF21 knockout mice
- MeSH terms
- Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha, Acetaminophen, Animals, Antioxidants, Drug Synergism, Fibroblast Growth Factors, Male, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Transcription Factors, Reactive Oxygen Species, Mice, Knockout, Analgesics, Non-Narcotic, NF-E2-Related Factor 2, Mice, Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury
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