FGF21 induces PGC-1α and regulates carbohydrate and fatty acid metabolism during the adaptive starvation response

The liver plays a crucial role in mobilizing energy during nutritional deprivation. During the early stages of fasting, hepatic glycogenolysis is a primary energy source. As fasting progresses and glycogen stores are depleted, hepatic gluconeogenesis and ketogenesis become major energy sources. H…