DOCK6 Mutations Are Responsible for a Distinct Autosomal-Recessive Variant of Adams-Oliver Syndrome Associated with Brain and Eye Anomalies
Open accessAbstract
Adams-Oliver syndrome (AOS) is characterized by the association of aplasia cutis congenita with terminal transverse limb defects, often accompanied by additional cardiovascular or neurological features. Both autosomal-dominant and autosomal-recessive disease transmission have been observed, with recent gene discoveries indicating extensive genetic heterogeneity. Mutations of the DOCK6 gene were first described in autosomal-recessive cases of AOS and only five DOCK6-related families have been reported to date. Recently, a second type of autosomal-recessive AOS has been attributed to EOGT mutations in three consanguineous families. Here, we describe the identification of 13 DOCK6 mutations, the majority of which are novel, across 10 unrelated individuals from a large cohort comprising 47 sporadic cases and 31 AOS pedigrees suggestive of autosomal-recessive inheritance. DOCK6 mutations were strongly associated with structural brain abnormalities, ocular anomalies, and intellectual disability, thus suggesting that DOCK6-linked disease represents a variant of AOS with a particularly poor prognosis.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Bi-allelic null variants in DOCK6 cause Adams-Oliver syndrome.
“bi-allelic null variants in DOCK6 (MIM: #614,219) and DOCK7 (MIM: #615,859), members of the dedicator of cytokinesis (DOCK) family, are a cause for the Adams–Oliver syndrome (Sukalo et al. 2015) and epileptic encephalopathy (Perrault et al. 2014), respectively.”
From Heterozygous loss-of-function variants in DOCK4 cause neurodevelopmental delay and microcephaly (2024) · cites this paper as Sukalo et al. 2015
Four independent studies have identified mutations in the DOCK6 gene responsible for or associated with the development of Adams-Oliver Syndrome.
“Four independent studies have identified mutations in the DOCK6 gene responsible for or associated with the development of the rare Adams–Oliver Syndrome (98, 99, 100, 101).”
From RHO to the DOCK for GDP disembarking: Structural insights into the DOCK GTPase nucleotide exchange factors (2021) · cites this paper as [98]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Côté, J., & Vuori, K. (2002) · Journal of Cell Science · doi:10.1242/jcs.00219 · Cited by 412 · see citing works
Adams, F. H., & Oliver, C. P. (1945) · Journal of Heredity · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.jhered.a105415 · Cited by 198 · see citing works
Mutations in NOTCH1 Cause Adams-Oliver Syndrome
Stittrich, A., Lehman, A., Bodian, D. L., Ashworth, J. R., Zong, Z., Li, H., Lam, P. M. W., Khromykh, A., Iyer, R. K., Vockley, J. G., et al. (2014) · The American Journal of Human Genetics · doi:10.1016/j.ajhg.2014.07.011 · Cited by 186 · see citing works
Shaheen, R., Faqeih, E., Sunker, A., Morsy, H., Al‐Sheddi, T., Shamseldin, H. E., Adly, N., Hashem, M., & Alkuraya, F. S. (2011) · The American Journal of Human Genetics · doi:10.1016/j.ajhg.2011.07.009 · Cited by 136 · see citing works
Mutations in EOGT Confirm the Genetic Heterogeneity of Autosomal-Recessive Adams-Oliver Syndrome
Shaheen, R., Aglan, M., Keppler‐Noreuil, K. M., Faqeih, E., Ansari, S., Horton, K., Ashour, A. M., Zaki, M. S., Alzahrani, F., Cueto-González, A. M., et al. (2013) · The American Journal of Human Genetics · doi:10.1016/j.ajhg.2013.02.012 · Cited by 135 · see citing works
Battaglia, A., Bianchini, E., & Carey, J. C. (1999) · American Journal of Medical Genetics · doi:10.1002/(sici)1096-8628(19990101)82:1 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
RBPJ Mutations Identified in Two Families Affected by Adams-Oliver Syndrome
Hassed, S. J., Wiley, G. B., Wang, S., Lee, J.-Y., Li, S., Xu, W., Zhao, Z. J., Mulvihill, J. J., Robertson, J. A., Warner, J., et al. (2012) · The American Journal of Human Genetics · doi:10.1016/j.ajhg.2012.07.005 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
Southgate, L., Machado, R. D., Snape, K. M. G., Primeau, M., Dafou, D., Ruddy, D., Branney, P., Fisher, M. E., Lee, G. J., Simpson, M. A., et al. (2011) · The American Journal of Human Genetics · doi:10.1016/j.ajhg.2011.04.013 · Cited by 119 · see citing works
Self-citationThe spectra of clinical phenotypes in aplasia cutis congenita and terminal transverse limb defects
Snape, K. M. G., Ruddy, D., Zenker, M., Wuyts, W. A., Whiteford, M., Johnson, D. S., Lam, W. W. K., & Trembath, R. C. (2009) · American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A · doi:10.1002/ajmg.a.32708 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Self-citationMiyamoto, Y., Yamauchi, J., Sanbe, A., & Tanoue, A. (2007) · Experimental Cell Research · doi:10.1016/j.yexcr.2006.11.017 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Örstavik, K. H., Strømme, P., Spetalen, S., Flage, T., Westvik, J., Vesterhus, P., & Skjeldal, O. (1995) · American Journal of Medical Genetics · doi:10.1002/ajmg.1320590118 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Self-citationDiffuse angiopathy in Adams‐Oliver syndrome associated with truncating DOCK6 mutations
Lehman, A., Stittrich, A., Glusman, G., Zong, Z., Li, H., Eydoux, P., Senger, C., Lyons, C. J., Roach, J. C., & Patel, M. S. (2014) · American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A · doi:10.1002/ajmg.a.36685 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Tcherkezian, J., Triki, I., Stenne, R., Danek, E. I., & Lamarche‐Vane, N. (2006) · Biology of the Cell · doi:10.1042/bc20050101 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Prothero, J., Nicholl, R., Wilson, J. A., & Wakeling, E. L. (2006) · Clinical Dysmorphology · doi:10.1097/mcd.0b013e328010b81c · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Self-citationMisra‐Isrie, M., Wuyts, W. A., Esch, H. V., & Devriendt, K. (2014) · American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A · doi:10.1002/ajmg.a.36486 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Self-citationAbnormal neuronal migration defect in the severe variant subtype of Adams–Oliver syndrome
Brancati, F., Garaci, F. G., Mingarelli, R., & Dallapiccola, B. (2008) · American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A · doi:10.1002/ajmg.a.32357 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
The developmental biology of genetic Notch disorders
Mašek, J., & Andersson, E. R. (2017) · Development · doi:10.1242/dev.148007 · Cited by 178 · see citing works
Transcriptional profiling of lung cell populations in idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension
Saygın, D., Tabib, T., Bittar, H. E. T., Valenzi, E., Sembrat, J., Chan, S. Y., Rojas, M. M., & Lafyatis, R. (2020) · Pulmonary Circulation · doi:10.1177/2045894020908782 · Cited by 122 · see citing works
Relevance of Notch Signaling for Bone Metabolism and Regeneration
Ballhause, T. M., Jiang, S., Baranowsky, A., Brandt, S., Mertens, P. R., Frosch, K., Yorgan, T. A., & Keller, J. (2021) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms22031325 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Heterozygous Loss-of-Function Mutations in DLL4 Cause Adams-Oliver Syndrome
Meester, J., Southgate, L., Stittrich, A., Venselaar, H., Beekmans, S. J. A., den Hollander, N., Bijlsma, E. K., den Enden, A. T. J. M. H.-V., Verheij, J. B. G. M., Glusman, G., et al. (2015) · The American Journal of Human Genetics · doi:10.1016/j.ajhg.2015.07.015 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Self-citationThe Molecular Basis of Human Anophthalmia and Microphthalmia
Harding, P., & Moosajee, M. (2019) · Journal of Developmental Biology · doi:10.3390/jdb7030016 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Alankarage, D., Ip, E., Szot, J., Munro, J. T., Blue, G., Harrison, K., Cuny, H., Enriquez, A., Troup, M., Humphreys, D., et al. (2018) · Genetics in Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41436-018-0296-x · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Elucidating the genetic architecture of Adams-Oliver syndrome in a large European cohort
Meester, J., Sukalo, M., Schröder, K. C., Schanze, D., Baynam, G. S., Borck, G., Bramswig, N. C., Duman, D., Gilbert‐Dussardier, B., Holder‐Espinasse, M., et al. (2018) · Human Mutation · doi:10.1002/humu.23567 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Self-citationStructure and function of extracellular O-GlcNAc
Ogawa, M., & Okajima, T. (2019) · Current Opinion in Structural Biology · doi:10.1016/j.sbi.2018.12.002 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
The DOCK protein family in vascular development and disease
Benson, C. E., & Southgate, L. (2021) · Angiogenesis · doi:10.1007/s10456-021-09768-8 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Self-citationCell-Intrinsic Adaptation Arising from Chronic Ablation of a Key Rho GTPase Regulator
Cerikan, B., Shaheen, R., Coló, G. P., Gläßer, C., Hata, S., Knobeloch, K., Alkuraya, F. S., Fässler, R., & Schiebel, E. (2016) · Developmental Cell · doi:10.1016/j.devcel.2016.08.020 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Brain Calcifications: Genetic, Molecular, and Clinical Aspects
Monfrini, E., Arienti, F., Rinchetti, P., Lotti, F., & Riboldi, G. M. (2023) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms24108995 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Caron, C., DeGeer, J., Fournier, P., Duquette, P. M., Luangrath, V., Ishii, H., Karimzadeh, F., Lamarche‐Vane, N., & Royal, I. (2016) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep27485 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Expanding the phenotype in Adams–Oliver syndrome correlating with the genotype
Dudoignon, B., Huber, C., Michot, C., Di Rocco, F., Girard, M., Lyonnet, S., Rio, M., Rabia, S. H., Daire, V. C., & Baujat, G. (2020) · American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A · doi:10.1002/ajmg.a.61364 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Quantitative proteomic analysis of Rett iPSC-derived neuronal progenitors
Varderidou‐Minasian, S., Hinz, L., Hagemans, D., Posthuma, D., Altelaar, M. A. F., & Heine, V. M. (2020) · Molecular Autism · doi:10.1186/s13229-020-00344-3 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Stanley, K. J., Kalbfleisch, K. J., Moran, O. M., Chaturvedi, R. R., Roifman, M., Chen, X., Manshaei, R., Martin, N., McDermott, S., McNiven, V., et al. (2024) · European Journal of Human Genetics · doi:10.1038/s41431-024-01629-4 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Adams–Oliver syndrome caused by mutations of the EOGT gene
Schröder, K. C., Duman, D., Tekin, M., Schanze, D., Sukalo, M., Meester, J., Wuyts, W. A., & Zenker, M. (2019) · American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A · doi:10.1002/ajmg.a.61313 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Self-citationThompson, A. P., Bitsina, C., Gray, J. L., von Delft, F., & Brennan, P. E. (2021) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100521 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Iwata‐Otsubo, A., Ritter, A. L., Weckselbatt, B., Ryan, N. R., Burgess, D., Conlin, L. K., & Izumi, K. (2017) · American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A · doi:10.1002/ajmg.a.38517 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Intracellular and extracellular O-linked N-acetylglucosamine in the nervous system
Ogawa, M., Sawaguchi, S., Kamemura, K., & Okajima, T. (2015) · Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2015.08.009 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Niemöller, C., Renz, N., Bleul, S., Blagitko‐Dorfs, N., Greil, C., Yoshida, K., Pfeifer, D., Follo, M., Duyster, J., Claus, R., et al. (2016) · Leukemia Research · doi:10.1016/j.leukres.2016.05.008 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Cerikan, B., & Schiebel, E. (2017) · Small GTPases · doi:10.1080/21541248.2017.1297882 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
A novel variant in DOCK6 gene associated with Adams–Oliver syndrome type 2
Alzahem, T., Alsalamah, A. K., Mura, M., & Alsulaiman, S. M. (2020) · Ophthalmic Genetics · doi:10.1080/13816810.2020.1776339 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Adams–Oliver Syndrome Type 2 in Association with Compound Heterozygous DOCK 6 Mutations
Jones, K. M., Silfvast‐Kaiser, A., Leake, D. R., Diaz, L. Z., & Levy, M. L. (2017) · Pediatric Dermatology · doi:10.1111/pde.13239 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Notch Pathway and Inherited Diseases: Challenge and Promise
Reichrath, J., & Reichrath, S. (2020) · Advances in experimental medicine and biology · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-34436-8_9 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Intrafamilial phenotypic variability in autosomal recessive DOCK6-related Adams-Oliver syndrome
Zepeda‐Romero, L. C., Zenker, M., Schanze, D., Schanze, I., Peña‐Padilla, C., Quezada-Salazar, C. A., Pacheco-Torres, P. A., Rivera-Montellano, M. L., Aguirre-Guillén, R. L., Bobadilla‐Morales, L., et al. (2022) · European Journal of Medical Genetics · doi:10.1016/j.ejmg.2022.104653 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Self-citationWang, Z., Wang, X., Lou, G., Qin, L., Bian, S., Tang, X., Zhu, H., Wang, S., Hao, B., & Liao, S. (2019) · Gene · doi:10.1016/j.gene.2019.03.023 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Pisciotta, L., Capra, V., Accogli, A., Giacomini, T., Prato, G., Tavares, P., Pinto‐Basto, J., Morana, G., & Mancardi, M. M. (2018) · Neuropediatrics · doi:10.1055/s-0038-1639372 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Heterozygous loss-of-function variants in DOCK4 cause neurodevelopmental delay and microcephaly
Herbst, C., Bothe, V., Wegler, M., Axer-Schaefer, S., Audebert-Bellanger, S., Gecz, J., Cogne, B., Feldman, H. B., Horn, A. H. C., Hurst, A. C. E., et al. (2024) · Human Genetics · doi:10.1007/s00439-024-02655-4 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
“…(MIM: #614,219) and DOCK7 (MIM: #615,859), members of the dedicator of cytokinesis (DOCK) family, are Extended author information available on the last page of the article a cause for the Adams–Oliver syndrome (Sukalo et al. 2015) and epileptic encephalopathy (Perrault et al. 2014), respectively.”
BackgroundZhong, X., Zheng, X., Xv, Y., Cai, K., Wang, Q., & Liu, S. (2025) · BMC Medical Genomics · doi:10.1186/s12920-025-02157-w · Cited by 6 · see citing works
d’Amati, A., Nicolussi, A., Miele, E., Mastronuzzi, A., Rossi, S., Gianno, F., Buttarelli, F. R., Minasi, S., Lodeserto, P., Gardiman, M. P., et al. (2022) · Diagnostics · doi:10.3390/diagnostics13010078 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Adams-Oliver syndrome associated with gastrointestinal malformations
Geyzel, L. V., Gribbon, C., Bradley, S., & Duffy, D. A. (2016) · BMJ Case Reports · doi:10.1136/bcr-2016-217959 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Intracranial Calcifications in Young Children
Dugan, S. L., Botto, L. D., Hedlund, G. L., & Bale, J. F. (2017) · Seminars in Pediatric Neurology · doi:10.1016/j.spen.2017.03.022 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Nieto‐Benito, L. M., Fernández, R. S., & Campos‐Domínguez, M. (2023) · Molecular Biology Reports · doi:10.1007/s11033-023-08430-4 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Morales, O., Díaz, J. M., & Montoya, J. (2022) · Biomédica · doi:10.7705/biomedica.6524 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Zaersabet, M., Koochakkhani, S., Sarmast, Y., & Salmani, H. (2023) · Clinical Dysmorphology · doi:10.1097/mcd.0000000000000450 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Familial Exudative Vitreoretinopathy‐Like Retinal Findings in Adams‐Oliver Syndrome Type 2
Wang, Y., Hou, A., Yan, W., Lu, J., Wang, Q., Chen, L., & Ding, X. (2025) · Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology · doi:10.1111/ceo.14594 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
SCALP syndrome with a germline heterozygous DOCK6 mutation and somatic mosaic NRAS Q61R mutation
Meyer, S. N., Simmons, E., McPherson, J. D., Awasthi, S., & Kiuru, M. H. (2022) · Pediatric Dermatology · doi:10.1111/pde.15184 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Current opinion in the molecular genetics of Adams-Oliver syndrome
Southgate, L. (2018) · Expert Opinion on Orphan Drugs · doi:10.1080/21678707.2019.1559049 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Self-citationMacrocephaly and Finger Changes: A Narrative Review
Lazea, C., Vulturar, R., Chiş, A., Encică, S., Horvat, M., Belizna, C. C., & Damian, L. O. (2024) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms25105567 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
A Child with a Congenital Aplasia of the Scalp: A Quiz
Dours, L., Jeanne, M., Srour, M., & Leducq, S. (2024) · Acta Dermato Venereologica · doi:10.2340/actadv.v104.39948 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Liu, L., Zhou, M., Mao, J., Deng, Y., & Cai, Y. (2021) · Meta Gene · doi:10.1016/j.mgene.2021.100988 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Letter regarding “Distal Limb Defects and Aplasia Cutis: Adams–Oliver Syndrome”
Southgate, L. (2016) · The Journal Of Hand Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.jhsa.2016.06.001
Self-citationRamanathan, S., & Clark, R. (2021) · Neonatology Today · doi:10.51362/neonatology.today/20214164124126
Mouse scalp development requires Rac1 and SRF for the maintenance of mechanosensing mesenchymePreprint
Rathnakar, B. H., Rackley, A., Kwon, H. R., Berry, W. L., & Olson, L. E. (2025) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2025.02.11.637680
Mouse scalp development requires Rac1 and SRF for the maintenance of mechanoresponsive mesenchyme
Rathnakar, B. H., Rackley, A., Kwon, H. R., Kim, J. H., Berry, W. L., & Olson, L. E. (2025) · Development · doi:10.1242/dev.204965
Adams Oliver Syndrome: Our One-Year Experience
Bozkaya, A., & Davutoğlu, S. (2025) · Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi · doi:10.17517/ksutfd.1415076
Tișa, I. B., Cozma-Petruț, A. P., Chiorean, A.-D., Miere, D., Filip, L. A., Banc, R., Mîrza, O., & Bordea, M. A. (2025) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms27010173
Oral, M., Özdemir, H. B., Kayhan, G., & Özdek, Ş. (2025) · Ophthalmic Genetics · doi:10.1080/13816810.2025.2606734
Damian, G. C., Belengeanu, V., Popescu, C., Marian, D., Popovici, R. A., & Cojocariu, C. (2026) · Diagnostics · doi:10.3390/diagnostics16020274
Two Atypical Cases of Adams–Oliver Syndrome With DOCK6 Genetic Variants
Bai, Y., Xu, J., Xin, J., Mo, W., Huang, M., & Tang, C. (2026) · American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A · doi:10.1002/ajmg.a.70206
- Authors
- Sukalo, M., Tilsen, F., Kayserili, H., Müller, D., Tüysüz, B., Ruddy, D. M., Wakeling, E., Ørstavik, K. H., Snape, K. M., Trembath, R., De Smedt, M., van der Aa, N., Skalej, M., Mundlos, S., Wuyts, W., Southgate, L., & Zenker, M.
- Affiliations
- University Hospital Magdeburg (DE)
- Koç University (TR)
- Klinikum Chemnitz (DE)
- Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa (TR)
- Guy's Hospital (GB)
- London North West Healthcare NHS Trust (GB)
- Oslo University Hospital (NO)
- St George’s University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (GB)
- Department of Medical Genetics; Leuven University Hospital; Leuven Belgium
- Department of Medical Genetics; Antwerp University Hospital; Antwerp Belgium
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics (DE)
- University of Antwerp (BE)
- Queen Mary University of London (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Sukalo, Maja
- ORCID
- Venue
- Human Mutation
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2015-04-21
- Volume
- 36
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 593-598
- ISSN
- 1059-7794 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2088815770
- Cited by
- 50
- References
- 16
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 2
- FWCI
- 4.64
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- hdl.handle.net
- Licence
- Locations
- Human Mutation (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- St George's Online Research Archive (St George's University of London) (acceptedVersion)
- MPG.PuRe (Max Planck Society) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Queen Mary Research Online (Queen Mary University of London) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (ZE 524/2-3)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Developmental Biology › Congenital limb and hand anomalies
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genomics and Rare Diseases
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic and rare skin diseases.
- Keywords
- Adams-Oliver syndrome, autosomal recessive inheritance, aplasia cutis congenita, brain anomalies, ocular abnormalities, intellectual disability, genetic heterogeneity, consanguinity
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Brain, Child, Child, Preschool, Ectodermal Dysplasia, Eye Abnormalities, Female, Genes, Recessive, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Mutation, Scalp Dermatoses, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Limb Deformities, Congenital, Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors, Young Adult, Genetic Association Studies
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
