The DOI matches its Crossref record; 53 of the 53 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Telomere shortening associated with chromosome instability is arrested in immortal cells which express telomerase activity.
Open accessAbstract
Loss of telomeric DNA during cell proliferation may play a role in ageing and cancer. Since telomeres permit complete replication of eukaryotic chromosomes and protect their ends from recombination, we have measured telomere length, telomerase activity and chromosome rearrangements in human cells before and after transformation with SV40 or Ad5. In all mortal populations, telomeres shortened by approximately 65 bp/generation during the lifespan of the cultures. When transformed cells reached crisis, the length of the telomeric TTAGGG repeats was only approximately 1.5 kbp and many dicentric chromosomes were observed. In immortal cells, telomere length and frequency of dicentric chromosomes stabilized after crisis. Telomerase activity was not detectable in control or extended lifespan populations but was present in immortal populations. These results suggest that chromosomes with short (TTAGGG)n tracts are recombinogenic, critically shortened telomeres may be incompatible with cell proliferation and stabilization of telomere length by telomerase may be required for immortalization.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“In primary cells deficient for Rb and p53, continued cellular growth beyond the Hayflick limit results in severe telomere shortening, marked genetic instability, and massive cell death—a period referred to as crisis (Counter et al. 1992”
From p53 Deficiency Rescues the Adverse Effects of Telomere Loss and Cooperates with Telomere Dysfunction to Accelerate Carcinogenesis (1999) · cites this paper as Counter et al. 1992
In the citing paper
“However, as these human fibroblasts undergo additional cell divisions, telomere erosion continues and the loss of telomere capping function produces rampant chromosomal instability and widespread apoptosis, a cellular state termed crisis (27).”
From Telomeres and telomerase in cancer (2010) · cites this paper as [27]
In the citing paper
“Crisis serves as the second checkpoint in tumor suppression and is characterized by multiple chromosomal fusions36.”
From Telomere dysfunction and tumour suppression: the senescence connection (2008) · cites this paper as [36]
In the citing paper
“Telomere maintenance is essential to the replicative potential of malignant cells and the inhibition of telomerase can lead to telomere shortening and cessation of unrestrained proliferation.”
From A highly selective telomerase inhibitor limiting human cancer cell proliferation (2001) · cites this paper as Counter et al., 1992
In the citing paper
“Eventually, telomeres shorten to a critical length and lose their ability to protect the ends of chromosomal DNA (Counter et al., 1992;Blasco et al., 1997).”
From A highly selective telomerase inhibitor limiting human cancer cell proliferation (2001) · cites this paper as Counter et al., 1992
In the citing paper
“Telomere maintenance is essential to the replicative potential of malignant cells and the inhibition of telomerase can lead to telomere shortening and cessation of unrestrained proliferation.”
From A highly selective telomerase inhibitor limiting human cancer cell proliferation (2001) · cites this paper as Counter et al., 1992
In the citing paper
“In cancer cells, the reactivation of telomerase is thought to stabilize telomere length, thereby compensating for the cell division-related telomere erosion and providing unlimited proliferative capacity to malignant cells (Counter et al., 1992;Kim et al., 1994).”
From A highly selective telomerase inhibitor limiting human cancer cell proliferation (2001) · cites this paper as Counter et al., 1992
In the citing paper
“In most normal human cells, telomerase activity is low or not detectable, and telomeric DNA is progressively lost at a rate of 30±120 bp with each replication cycle (Harley et al., 1990;Hastie et al., 1990;Counter et al., 1992).”
From A highly selective telomerase inhibitor limiting human cancer cell proliferation (2001) · cites this paper as Counter et al., 1992
Citations
Cites
A new technique for the assay of infectivity of human adenovirus 5 DNA
Graham, F. L., & van der Eb, A. J. (1973) · Virology · doi:10.1016/0042-6822(73)90341-3 · Cited by 9,302
Telomeres shorten during ageing of human fibroblasts
Harley, C. B., Futcher, A. B., & Greider, C. W. (1990) · Nature · doi:10.1038/345458a0 · Cited by 5,750
Self-citationCharacteristics of a human cell line transformed by DNA from human adenovirus type 5
Graham, F. L., Russell, W. C., Smiley, J., & Nairn, R. (1977) · Journal of General Virology · doi:10.1099/0022-1317-36-1-59 · Cited by 4,793
Structure and function of telomeres
Blackburn, E. H. (1991) · Nature · doi:10.1038/350569a0 · Cited by 3,596
Identification of a specific telomere terminal transferase activity in tetrahymena extracts
Greider, C. W., & Blackburn, E. H. (1985) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(85)90170-9 · Cited by 3,400
Self-citationSouthern, P. J., & Berg, P. R. (1982) · PubMed · Cited by 2,740
Moyzis, R. K., Buckingham, J. M., Cram, L. S., Dani, M. A. C., Deaven, L. L., Jones, M. D., Meyne, J., Ratliff, R. L., & Wu, J. R. (1988) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.85.18.6622 · Cited by 2,326
Olovnikov (1973) · doi:10.1016/0022-5193(73)90198-7 · Cited by 1,847
Telomere reduction in human colorectal carcinoma and with ageing
Hastie, N. D., Dempster, M., Dunlop, M. G., Thompson, A. M., Green, D. K., & Allshire, R. C. (1990) · Nature · doi:10.1038/346866a0 · Cited by 1,650
A telomeric sequence in the RNA of Tetrahymena telomerase required for telomere repeat synthesis
Greider, C. W., & Blackburn, E. H. (1989) · Nature · doi:10.1038/337331a0 · Cited by 1,643
Self-citation
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 101–200 of 1,003
Branching Processes in Biology
Kimmel, M., & Axelrod, D. E. (2015) · Interdisciplinary applied mathematics · doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-1559-0 · Cited by 389
Vaziri, H., West, M. D., Allsopp, R., Davison, T. S., Wu, Y., Arrowsmith, C. H., Poirier, G. G., & Benchimol, S. (1997) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.1093/emboj/16.19.6018 · Cited by 384
Greenwell, P. W., Kronmal, S., Porter, S. E., Gassenhuber, J., Obermaier, B., & Petes, T. D. (1995) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(95)90479-4 · Cited by 382
“Since such associations have also been observed in senescing human cells that have short telomeres (Counter et al., 1992), AT cells may be defective in some aspect of telomere metabolism.”
Piatyszek, M. A., Kim, N. W., Weinrich, S. L., Hiyama, K., Hiyama, E., Wright, W. E., & Shay, J. W. (1995) · Methods in Cell Science · doi:10.1007/bf00981880 · Cited by 383
“eric repeats (TTAGGG) sequences [8-14].”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialTelomere dynamics in an immortal human cell line.
Murnane, J. P., Sabatier, L., Marder, B. A., & Morgan, W. F. (1994) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.1002/j.1460-2075.1994.tb06822.x · Cited by 387
Telomerase extends the lifespan of virus-transformed human cells without net telomere lengthening
Zhu, J., Wang, H., Bishop, J. M., & Blackburn, E. H. (1999) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.96.7.3723 · Cited by 382
Shi, S., Gronthos, S., Chen, S., Reddi, A. H., Counter, C. M., Robey, P. G., & Wang, C.-Y. (2002) · Nature Biotechnology · doi:10.1038/nbt0602-587 · Cited by 379
Self-citationNakayama, J., Saito, M., Nakamura, H., Matsuura, A., & Ishikawa, F. (1997) · Cell · doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(00)81933-9 · Cited by 376
“These cells continue to proliferate without appar- Tetrahymena p80 or p95 sequences have been unsucent telomere shortening (Counter et al., 1992). cessful.”
BackgroundGonzález‐Suárez, E., Samper, E., Ramírez, A., Flores, J. M., Martín‐Caballero, J., Jorcano, J. L., & Blasco, M. A. (2001) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.1093/emboj/20.11.2619 · Cited by 372
Ataxia-telangiectasia and cellular responses to DNA damage.
Meyn, M. S. (1995) · PubMed · Cited by 374
Interchromosomal Homology Searches Drive Directional ALT Telomere Movement and Synapsis
Cho, N. W., Dilley, R. L., Lampson, M. A., & Greenberg, R. A. (2014) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2014.08.030 · Cited by 389
Short Dysfunctional Telomeres Impair Tumorigenesis in the INK4aΔ2/3 Cancer-Prone Mouse
Greenberg, R. A., Chin, L., Femino, A., Lee, K.-H., Gottlieb, G. J., Singer, R. H., Greider, C. W., & DePinho, R. A. (1999) · Cell · doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(00)80761-8 · Cited by 367
Self-citationAging, articular cartilage chondrocyte senescence and osteoarthritis
Martin, J. A., & Buckwalter, J. A. (2002) · Biogerontology · doi:10.1023/a:1020185404126 · Cited by 367
“1995), mitotic activity measured by 3H-thymidine incorporation, and telomere length (Counter et al. 1992).”
MethodThe terminal DNA structure of mammalian chromosomes
McElligott, R., & Wellinger, R. J. (1997) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.1093/emboj/16.12.3705 · Cited by 379
“Human and in these cells, the terminal repeat tracts remain peripheral leukocyte populations are quiescent, generally relatively stable (Counter et al., 1992, 1994; Kim et al., containing 2% dividing cells (Buchkovich and Greider, 1994).”
BackgroundMethodEffects of cationic porphyrins as G-quadruplex interactive agents in human tumor cells.
Izbicka, E., Wheelhouse, R. T., Raymond, É., Davidson, K. K., Lawrence, R. A., Sun, D., Windle, B. E., Hurley, L. H., & Hoff, D. D. V. (1999) · PubMed · Cited by 358
Regulation of Telomerase Activity in Immortal Cell Lines
Holt, S. E., Wright, W. E., & Shay, J. W. (1996) · Molecular and Cellular Biology · doi:10.1128/mcb.16.6.2932 · Cited by 361
“Telomere shortening has been proposed as a regulatory mechanism that controls the number of times a cell can divide before undergoing a process known as cellular senescence (1, 6, 11, 33, 34).”
TRF1 is a dimer and bends telomeric DNA
Bianchi, A., Smith, S., Chong, L., Elias, P., & de Lange, T. (1997) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.1093/emboj/16.7.1785 · Cited by 358
“clock controlling cell senescence (Counter et al., 1992; reviewed in Harley, 1995) and as a step in tumorigenesis Since DNA fragments with three, six or 12 telomeric”
BackgroundCounter, C. M., Botelho, F. M., Wang, P., Harley, C. B., & Bacchetti, S. (1994) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.68.5.3410-3414.1994 · Cited by 355
“b Amount of telomeric (TTAGGG)n DNA at crisis was calculated, as previously described (9, 22), by comparing the rate of loss of hybridization signal (Fig.”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialSelf-citationRegulation of human telomerase in homeostasis and disease
Roake, C. M., & Artandi, S. E. (2020) · Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/s41580-020-0234-z · Cited by 356
Aubert, G., Hills, M., & Lansdorp, P. M. (2012) · Mutation research. Fundamental and molecular mechanisms of mutagenesis · doi:10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.003 · Cited by 342
“5 kb to 4 kb [27, 28] and may depend on subtelomeric modifications that protect against restriction digestion [29].”
BackgroundTelomeric DNA in ALT Cells Is Characterized by Free Telomeric Circles and Heterogeneous t-Loops
Cesare, A. J., & Griffith, J. D. (2004) · Molecular and Cellular Biology · doi:10.1128/mcb.24.22.9948-9957.2004 · Cited by 358
“However, human cells can stave off induction of senescence or escape crisis by regenerating the telomeric DNA (4, 9, 17).”
BackgroundStrahl, C., & Blackburn, E. H. (1996) · Molecular and Cellular Biology · doi:10.1128/mcb.16.1.53 · Cited by 335
“Extracts were prepared essentially as described previously (8) with minor modifications.”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialTelomerase: A target for cancer therapeutics
Shay, J. W., & Wright, W. E. (2002) · Cancer Cell · doi:10.1016/s1535-6108(02)00159-9 · Cited by 334
“Human cells can temporarily bypass this growth arrest when RB and p53 are disabled (Wright et al., 1989; Shay et al., 1991a, 1991b; Counter et al., 1992), but ultimately so many telomeres become critically shortened that multiple chromosome end fusions occur, resulting in loss of cell viability (“crisis”).”
BackgroundAccelerated telomere shortening in ataxia telangiectasia
Metcalfe, J. A., Parkhill, J., Campbell, L. J., Stacey, M. W., Biggs, P., Byrd, P. J., & Taylor, A. M. R. (1996) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/ng0796-350 · Cited by 338
Telomeres and telomerase in aging and cancer
Harley, C. (1995) · Current Opinion in Genetics & Development · doi:10.1016/0959-437x(95)80016-6 · Cited by 322
Self-citationSamper, E., Goytisolo, F. A., Slijepčević, P., van Buul, P. P. W., & Blasco, M. A. (2000) · EMBO Reports · doi:10.1093/embo-reports/kvd051 · Cited by 317
“TTAGGG repeats, together with telomeric proteins, stabilize chromosome ends, preventing end-to-end fusions (Counter et al., 1992; Blasco et al., 1997).”
BackgroundMartin, J. A., & Buckwalter, J. A. (2003) · Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery · doi:10.2106/00004623-200300002-00014 · Cited by 320
Constitutive telomerase expression promotes mammary carcinomas in aging mice
Artandi, S. E., Alson, S., Tietze, M. K., Sharpless, N. E., Ye, S., Greenberg, R. A., Castrillon, D. H., Horner, J. W., Weiler, S. R., Carrasco, R. D., et al. (2002) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.112515399 · Cited by 317
Telomere Length Dynamics and Chromosomal Instability in Cells Derived from Telomerase Null Mice
Hande, M. P., Samper, E., Lansdorp, P., & Blasco, M. A. (1999) · The Journal of Cell Biology · doi:10.1083/jcb.144.4.589 · Cited by 313
“Indeed, telomere shortening to a critical length has been proposed to limit the life span of somatic cells in humans (Harley et al., 1990; Counter et al., 1992).”
BackgroundRole for the Related Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerases Tankyrase 1 and 2 at Human Telomeres
Cook, B. D., Dynek, J. N., Chang, W., Shostak, G., & Smith, S. H. (2002) · Molecular and Cellular Biology · doi:10.1128/mcb.22.1.332-342.2002 · Cited by 319
Involvement of 14‐3‐3 proteins in nuclear localization of telomerase
Seimiya, H., Sawada, H., Muramatsu, Y., Shimizu, M., Ohko, K., Yamane, K., & Tsuruo, T. (2000) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.1093/emboj/19.11.2652 · Cited by 318
Hockemeyer, D., Sfeir, A. J., Shay, J. W., Wright, W. E., & de Lange, T. (2005) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.1038/sj.emboj.7600733 · Cited by 314
“NHEJ-mediated chromosome end fusions are a prominent consequence of TRF2 inhibition and can occur when telomeres become critically short (Counter et al, 1992; van Steensel et al, 1998; Smogorzewska et al, 2002).”
BackgroundThe Pin2/TRF1-Interacting Protein PinX1 Is a Potent Telomerase Inhibitor
Zhou, X. Z., & Lu, K. P. (2001) · Cell · doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(01)00538-4 · Cited by 311
Understanding TERT Promoter Mutations: A Common Path to Immortality
Bell, R. J. A., Rube, H. T., Xavier‐Magalhães, A., Costa, B. M., Mancini, A., Song, J. S., & Costello, J. (2016) · Molecular Cancer Research · doi:10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-16-0003 · Cited by 316
Mathon, N. F., & Lloyd, A. C. (2001) · Nature reviews. Cancer · doi:10.1038/35106045 · Cited by 313
Telomere length predicts survival independent of genetic influences
Bakaysa, S. L., Mucci, L. A., Slagboom, P. E., Boomsma, D. I., McClearn, G. E., Johansson, B. E. A., & Pedersen, N. L. (2007) · Aging Cell · doi:10.1111/j.1474-9726.2007.00340.x · Cited by 304
Decary, S., Mouly, V., Hamida, C. B., Sautet, A., Barbet, P., & Butler-Browne, G. S. (1997) · Human Gene Therapy · doi:10.1089/hum.1997.8.12-1429 · Cited by 304
“This progressive loss of D NA could eventually destabilize telomere structure leading to chromosomal modifications (Benn, 1976; Counter et aL, 1992) and could trigger the entry of cells into a senescent program (Harley and Villeponteau, 1995; Wright and Shay, 1995).”
Evidence for a New Step in Telomere Maintenance
Wellinger, R. J., Ethier, K., Labrecque, P., & Zakian, V. A. (1996) · Cell · doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(00)81120-4 · Cited by 308
Ostenfeld, T., Caldwell, M. A., Prowse, K. R., Linskens, M. H. K., Jauniaux, E. R. M., & Svendsen, C. N. (2000) · Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1006/exnr.2000.7427 · Cited by 303
Telomerase Regulation, Cell Cycle, and Telomere Stability in Primitive Hematopoietic Cells
Engelhardt, M. M., Kumar, R., Albanell, J., Pettengell, R., Han, W., & Moore, M. A. S. (1997) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood.v90.1.182 · Cited by 296
Koh, C. M., Bieberich, C. J., Dang, C. V., Nelson, W. G., Yegnasubramanian, S., & Marzo, A. M. D. (2010) · Genes & Cancer · doi:10.1177/1947601910379132 · Cited by 305
Expression of human telomerase subunits and correlation with telomerase activity in cervical cancer.
Takakura, M., Kyo, S., Kanaya, T., Tanaka, M., & Inoue, M. (1998) · PubMed · Cited by 294
Human papillomaviruses: targeting differentiating epithelial cells for malignant transformation
Fehrmann, F., & Laimins, L. A. (2003) · Oncogene · doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1206554 · Cited by 298
Oh, H., Taffet, G. E., Youker, K. A., Entman, M. L., Overbeek, P. A., Michael, L. H., & Schneider, M. D. (2001) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.191169098 · Cited by 289
Telomeres shorten more slowly in long-lived birds and mammals than in short–lived ones
Haussmann, M. F., Winkler, D. W., O'Reilly, K. M., Huntington, C. E., Nisbet, I. C. T., & Vleck, C. M. (2003) · Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rspb.2003.2385 · Cited by 302
“In humans, telomerase activity is repressed in most somatic cell types including fibroblasts, embryonic kidney cells, lymphocytes and epithelial cells (Counter et al. 1992; Shay et al. 1993; Vaziri et al. 1993; Forsyth et al. 2002).”
BackgroundT Cell Telomere Length in HIV-1 Infection: No Evidence for Increased CD4 + T Cell Turnover
Wolthers, K. C., Bea, G., Wisman, A., Otto, S. A., de Roda Husman, A.-M., Schaft, N., de Wolf, F., Goudsmit, J., Coutinho, R. A., van der Zee, A. G. J., et al. (1996) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.274.5292.1543 · Cited by 286
Houghtaling, B. R., Cuttonaro, L., Chang, W., & Smith, S. H. (2004) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/j.cub.2004.08.052 · Cited by 305
Differential regulation of telomerase activity and telomerase RNA during multi-stage tumorigenesis
Blasco, M. A., Rizen, M., Greider, C. W., & Hanahan, D. (1996) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/ng0296-200 · Cited by 287
Self-citationActivation of telomerase in a human tumor.
de Lange, T. (1994) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.91.8.2882 · Cited by 282
Branche, H. L., Dupuis, S., Ben‐David, Y., Bani, M. R., Wellinger, R. J., & Chabot, B. (1998) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/575 · Cited by 286
Kew, M. C. (2011) · Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology · doi:10.1111/j.1440-1746.2010.06546.x · Cited by 280
Biological potential of carbazole derivatives
Głuszyńska, A. (2015) · European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.ejmech.2015.02.059 · Cited by 281
Wick, M., Zubov, D., & Hagen, G. (1999) · Gene · doi:10.1016/s0378-1119(99)00108-0 · Cited by 285
Telomere Shortening Is Proportional to the Size of the G-rich Telomeric 3′-Overhang
Huffman, K. E., Levene, S. D., Tesmer, V. M., Shay, J. W., & Wright, W. E. (2000) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m002843200 · Cited by 274
Activity, function, and gene regulation of the catalytic subunit of telomerase (hTERT)
Poole, J. C., Andrews, L. G., & Tollefsbol, T. O. (2001) · Gene · doi:10.1016/s0378-1119(01)00440-1 · Cited by 280
Subsenescent Telomere Lengths in Fibroblasts Immortalized by Limiting Amounts of Telomerase
Ouellette, M. M., Liao, M., Herbert, B., Johnson, M. D. D., Holt, S. E., Liss, H. S., Shay, J. W., & Wright, W. E. (2000) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.275.14.10072 · Cited by 272
Telomere shortening is an early somatic DNA alteration in human prostate tumorigenesis.
Meeker, A. K., Hicks, J. L., Platz, E. A., March, G. E., Bennett, C., Delannoy, M. J., & Marzo, A. M. D. (2002) · PubMed · Cited by 271
Adriamycin-induced Senescence in Breast Tumor Cells Involves Functional p53 and Telomere Dysfunction
Elmore, L. W., Rehder, C. W., Di, X. M., McChesney, P. A., Jackson‐Cook, C. K., Gewirtz, D. A., & Holt, S. E. (2002) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m205477200 · Cited by 275
In vivo Inhibition of Lung Cancer by GRN163L: A Novel Human Telomerase Inhibitor
Dikmen, Z. G., Gellert, G. C., Jackson, S., Gryaznov, S., Tressler, R., Dogan, P., Wright, W. E., & Shay, J. W. (2005) · Cancer Research · doi:10.1158/0008-5472.can-05-1215 · Cited by 271
Accumulation of Short Telomeres in Human Fibroblasts Prior to Replicative Senescence
Martens, U. M., Chavez, E. A., Poon, S. S. S., Schmoor, C., & Lansdorp, P. M. (2000) · Experimental Cell Research · doi:10.1006/excr.2000.4823 · Cited by 263
Samper, E., Flores, J. M., & Blasco, M. A. (2001) · The EMBO Reports · doi:10.1093/embo-reports/kve174 · Cited by 263
“TRF2, Ku proteins, DNA-PKcs), results in increased chromosomal instability both in cultured cells and in mice (Counter et al., 1992; Blasco et al., 1997; van Steensel et al., 1998; Hsu et al., 2000; Samper et al., 2000; Goytisolo et al., 2001).”
BackgroundIwama, H., Ohyashiki, K., Ohyashiki, J. H., Hayashi, S., Yahata, N., Ando, K., Toyama, K., Hoshika, A., Takasaki, M., Mori, M., et al. (1998) · Human Genetics · doi:10.1007/s004390050711 · Cited by 265
“Since the first HinfI site is located within the subtelomeric DNA (Counter et al. 1992), the TRF also includes at least a portion of this 2–4 kb segment.”
BackgroundA critical role for telomeres in suppressing and facilitating carcinogenesis
Artandi, S. E., & DePinho, R. A. (2000) · Current Opinion in Genetics & Development · doi:10.1016/s0959-437x(99)00047-7 · Cited by 318
Long noncoding RNAs in development and cancer: potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets
Fatima, R., Akhade, V. S., Pal, D., & Rao, S. M. R. (2015) · Molecular and Cellular Therapies · doi:10.1186/s40591-015-0042-6 · Cited by 269
“The telomere repeats shorten after each cell cycle in normal cells which can lead to chromosome instability and cell death [207].”
BackgroundTelomere Shortening in Human Coronary Artery Diseases
Ogami, M., Ikura, Y., Ohsawa, M., Matsuo, T., Kayo, S., Yoshimi, N., Hai, E., Shirai, N., Ehara, S., Komatsu, R., et al. (2004) · Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology · doi:10.1161/01.atv.0000117200.46938.e7 · Cited by 263
hTERT associates with human telomeres and enhances genomic stability and DNA repair
Sharma, G. G., Gupta, A., Wang, H., Scherthan, H., Dhar, S., Gandhi, V., Iliakis, G., Shay, J. W., Young, C. S. H., & Pandita, T. K. (2003) · Oncogene · doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1206063 · Cited by 205
Cytotoxic T cell immunity against telomerase reverse transcriptase in humans
Minev, B., Hipp, J., Firat, H., Schmidt, J. D., Langlade‐Demoyen, P., & Zanetti, M. (2000) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.070560797 · Cited by 260
Studies of the molecular mechanisms in the regulation of telomerase activity
Liu, J. (1999) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fasebj.13.15.2091 · Cited by 254
Valenzuela, H. (2002) · Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1006/clim.2002.5271 · Cited by 254
Cancer-associated TERT promoter mutations abrogate telomerase silencing
Chiba, K., Johnson, J. Z., Vogan, J. M., Wagner, T., Boyle, J. M., & Hockemeyer, D. F. (2015) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.07918 · Cited by 257
“Activation of telomerase is the critical step for the immortalization of more than 90% of all human tumors ( Greider and Blackburn, 1985 ; Counter, 1992 ; Kim et al., 1994 ).”
BackgroundRogan, E. M., Bryan, T. M., Hukku, B., Maclean, K. N., Chang, A. C.-M., Moy, E. L., Englezou, A., Warneford, S., Dalla‐Pozza, L., & Reddel, R. R. (1995) · Molecular and Cellular Biology · doi:10.1128/mcb.15.9.4745 · Cited by 250
“Hybridization and washing were carried out as described previously (8).”
MethodInfluentialDavoli, T., & de Lange, T. (2012) · Cancer Cell · doi:10.1016/j.ccr.2012.03.044 · Cited by 242
“Eventually, the cells enter telomere crisis, a stage in which the rampant genome instability associated with lack of telomere function curbs cell proliferation and survival (Wright and Shay, 1992; Shay et al., 1993; Shay and Wright, 2005; Counter et al., 1992).”
Telomere dysfunction provokes regional amplification and deletion in cancer genomes
O'Hagan, R. C., Chang, S., Maser, R. S., Mohan, R., Artandi, S. E., Chin, L., & DePinho, R. A. (2002) · Cancer Cell · doi:10.1016/s1535-6108(02)00094-6 · Cited by 246
Tankyrase function at telomeres, spindle poles, and beyond
Hsiao, S. J., & Smith, S. H. (2007) · Biochimie · doi:10.1016/j.biochi.2007.07.012 · Cited by 258
Stable Association of hsp90 and p23, but Not hsp70, with Active Human Telomerase
Forsythe, H. L., Jarvis, J. L., Turner, J. W., Elmore, L. W., & Holt, S. E. (2001) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.c100055200 · Cited by 249
Collins, K., Kobayashi, R., & Greider, C. W. (1995) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(95)90529-4 · Cited by 244
“Primary human cell cultures that exhibit a loss of telomeric simple sequence repeats with proliferation do not possess detectable telomerase activity (Counter et al., 1992).”
BackgroundSelf-citationFuchs, B., & Pritchard, D. J. (2002) · Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research · doi:10.1097/00003086-200204000-00007 · Cited by 243
Veldman, T., Liu, X., Yuan, H., & Schlegel, R. (2003) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1435900100 · Cited by 251
Balancing instability: dual roles for telomerase and telomere dysfunction in tumorigenesis
Hackett, J. A., & Greider, C. W. (2002) · Oncogene · doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1205061 · Cited by 249
“After crisis, telomerase activity is detected, the number of dicentrics stabilized, and telomere length is stabilized after a few cell divisions at a length shorter than the initial telomere length (Counter et al., 1992; Ducray et al., 1999).”
BackgroundSelf-citationCoexistence of Alternative Lengthening of Telomeres and Telomerase in hTERT-Transfected GM847 Cells
Perrem, K., Colgin, L. M., Neumann, A. A., Yeager, T. R., & Reddel, R. R. (2001) · Molecular and Cellular Biology · doi:10.1128/mcb.21.12.3862-3875.2001 · Cited by 247
“Telomeres are specialized structures consisting, in human cells, of TTAGGG repeat sequences (4, 33) which, together with specific binding proteins (5), form caps at the ends of chromosomes that are essential for chromosome stability (11, 17).”
BackgroundResultPennarun, G., Granotier-Beckers, C., Gauthier, L., Gómez, D., Hoffschir, F., Mandine, E., Riou, J., Mergny, J., Mailliet, P., & Boussin, F. D. (2005) · Oncogene · doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1208468 · Cited by 260
STEM CELL FEATURES OF BENIGN AND MALIGNANT PROSTATE EPITHELIAL CELLS
Marzo, A. M. D., Nelson, W. G., Meeker, A. K., & Coffey, D. S. (1998) · The Journal of Urology · doi:10.1016/s0022-5347(01)62196-7 · Cited by 239
The role of telomeres and telomerase in cirrhosis and liver cancer
Nault, J., Ningarhari, M., Rebouissou, S., & Zucman‐Rossi, J. (2019) · Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology · doi:10.1038/s41575-019-0165-3 · Cited by 255
A novel telomerase template antagonist (GRN163) as a potential anticancer agent.
Asai, A., Oshima, Y., Yamamoto, Y., Uochi, T., Kusaka, H., Akinaga, S., Yamashita, Y., Pongracz, K., Pruzan, R., Wunder, E., et al. (2003) · PubMed · Cited by 239
Self-citationTelomerase activity: A biomarker of cell proliferation, not malignant transformation
Belair, C. D., Yeager, T. R., Lopez, P. M., & Reznikoff, C. A. (1997) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.94.25.13677 · Cited by 237
Telomere Erosion and Senescence in Human Articular Cartilage Chondrocytes
Martin, J. A., & Buckwalter, J. A. (2001) · The Journals of Gerontology Series A · doi:10.1093/gerona/56.4.b172 · Cited by 232
“In contrast, germ cell lines and cancer cell lines, in which the “telomerase” enzyme is active, are virtually immortal (18,24,25).”
BackgroundLudérus, M. E. E., van Steensel, B., Chong, L., Sibon, O. C. M., Cremers, F. F. M., & de Lange, T. (1996) · The Journal of Cell Biology · doi:10.1083/jcb.135.4.867 · Cited by 237
Telomere dysfunction and chromosome instability
Murnane, J. P. (2011) · Mutation research. Fundamental and molecular mechanisms of mutagenesis · doi:10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008 · Cited by 243
“Fibroblasts that are unable to senesce coninue to divide and undergo severe telomere shortening, which ventually results in “crisis,” involving massive chromosome fusion nd cell death [7].”
The hTERTα Splice Variant is a Dominant Negative Inhibitor of Telomerase Activity
Colgin, L. M., Wilkinso, C., Englezou, A., Kilian, A., Robinson, M. O., & Reddel, R. R. (2000) · Neoplasia · doi:10.1038/sj.neo.7900112 · Cited by 228
The catalytic subunit of yeast telomerase
Counter, C. M., Meyerson, M. M., Eaton, E. N., & Weinberg, R. A. (1997) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.94.17.9202 · Cited by 231
Self-citationMcEachern, M. J., & Blackburn, E. H. (1996) · Genes & Development · doi:10.1101/gad.10.14.1822 · Cited by 224
Mitochondrial Rejuvenation After Induced Pluripotency
Suhr, S. T., Chang, E. A., Tjong, J., Alcasid, N. J., Perkins, G. A., Goissis, M. D., Ellisman, M. H., Perez, G. I., & Cibelli, J. B. (2010) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0014095 · Cited by 236
“Since telomeres only shorten at a rate of approximately 50–100 bp/replicative cycle[11–14], in order to observe measurable telomere decreases in IPSC-derived cells, we elected to establish and analyze fibroblast lines derived from IPSC teratomas to better mimic the degree of growth and differentiation that may be incu…”
BackgroundTelomere dysfunction and the initiation of genome instability
Feldser, D. M., Hackett, J. A., & Greider, C. W. (2003) · Nature reviews. Cancer · doi:10.1038/nrc1142 · Cited by 224
Self-citationRetrotransposons Provide an Evolutionarily Robust Non-Telomerase Mechanism to Maintain Telomeres
Pardue, M. L., & DeBaryshe, P. G. (2003) · Annual Review of Genetics · doi:10.1146/annurev.genet.38.072902.093115 · Cited by 224
Immortality of cell lines: challenges and advantages of establishment
Irfan Maqsood, M., Matin, M. M., Bahrami, A. R., & Ghasroldasht, M. M. (2013) · Cell Biology International · doi:10.1002/cbin.10137 · Cited by 217
“Relationships between telomerase expression and immortality have suggested various approaches in cancer therapy (Counter et al., 1992; Marusic et al., 1997).”
BackgroundVerfaillie, C. M., Pera, M. F., & Lansdorp, P. M. (2002) · Hematology · doi:10.1182/asheducation-2002.1.369 · Cited by 223
Telomere dynamics and telomerase activity in in vitro immortalised human cells
Bryan, T. M., & Reddel, R. R. (1997) · European Journal of Cancer · doi:10.1016/s0959-8049(97)00065-8 · Cited by 227
Kanaya, T., Kyo, S., Hamada, K., Takakura, M., Kitagawa, Y., Harada, H., & Inoue, M. (2000) · PubMed · Cited by 222
Ouellette, M. (2000) · Human Molecular Genetics · doi:10.1093/hmg/9.3.403 · Cited by 223
“These cells are not yet immortal and terminal telomere shortening eventually causes the cells to reach a second non-proliferative stage termed ‘crisis’ (16,17).”
BackgroundOkazaki, S., Tsuchida, K., Maekawa, H., Ishikawa, H., & Fujiwara, H. (1993) · Molecular and Cellular Biology · doi:10.1128/mcb.13.3.1424 · Cited by 219
Metadata
- Authors
- Counter, C. M., Avilion, A. A., LeFeuvre, C. E., Stewart, N. G., Greider, C. W., Harley, C. B., & Bacchetti, S.
- Affiliations
- McMaster University (CA)
- Venue
- The EMBO Journal
- Published
- 1992-05-01
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 1921-1929
- ISSN
- 0261-4189 (ISSN-L)
- 1460-2075
- PMC
- PMC556651
- OpenAlex
- W1543500873
- Cited by
- 2,096
- References
- 53
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 21 · 2024: 25 · 2023: 25 · 2022: 27 · 2021: 35 · 2020: 29 · 2019: 28 · 2018: 39 · 2017: 42 · 2016: 48 · 2015: 53 · 2014: 51 · 2013: 65 · 2012: 55
- FWCI
- 23.80
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- europepmc.org
- Locations
- The EMBO Journal (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Institutional Repository (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (acceptedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Telomeres, Telomerase, and Senescence
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Aging › Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Chromosomal and Genetic Variations
- Keywords
- telomere shortening, telomerase, chromosomal instability, cell immortalization, telomere length, dicentric chromosomes, telomeric DNA, SV40 transformation, adenovirus type 5, cell transformation, telomere recombination, cell proliferation, aging, cancer
- MeSH terms
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic, Cell Transformation, Viral, Chromosomes, Human, DNA, DNA Nucleotidylexotransferase, Humans, Karyotyping, Kidney, Transfection, Telomere, Cellular Senescence
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
